1、2011 年北京航空航天大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷及答案与解析一、Vocabulary1 Testing new-model plane is a _ job, but he decided to devote himself to it.（A）promising（B） mysterious（C） beneficial（D）hazardous2 They have _ their names upon the pages of“ history.（A）prescribed（B） inscribed（C） described（D）subscribed3 Electronic toys and ga
2、mes, which came on the market in 1976, already _ a more than half-billion-dollar business.（A）consist of（B） compose of（C） comprise（D）compromise4 The amazing powers of the computer have _ even the most sophisticated scientists into wondering just how human it can become.（A）deduced（B） forced（C） enticed
3、（D）produced5 Roger is completely _ with all the wedding preparations at the moment.（A）preoccupied（B） addicted（C） fascinated（D）absorbed6 He _ a lot of pleasure from meeting new people.（A）deprives（B） derives（C） deserves（D）results7 _ teaching methods, which make students actively involved in the class,
4、 are very popular either in colleges or in high schools.（A）Interpersonal（B） Interrelated（C） Interdisciplinary（D）Interactive8 As a result of the economic depression, output has been _ reduce.（A）drastically（B） literally（C） potentially（D）violently9 Writing a resume of your achievements that will make a
5、 _ employer want to meet you requires practice.（A）prospective（B） perspective（C） respective（D）respectful10 It is seen as an effective means of business communication where relevant staff can have _ to a computer network.（A）excess（B） access（C） assess（D）entrance11 I havent got the _ idea of what you me
6、an. Would you please make it clear to me?（A）lightest（B） furthest（C） smallest（D）faintest12 He _ interrupted me by asking irrelevant questions.（A）continually（B） continuously（C） consistently（D）consequently13 To develop light industry in a big way _ to improving the peoples livelihood.（A）owes（B） attribu
7、tes（C） distributes（D）contributes14 The dog has _ its affection to its new master.（A）transferred（B） transformed（C） transported（D）transmitted15 Every time I listen to Tchaikovsky, I found myself _ in the beauty of the works by one of the most artistically creative composers.（A）submerged（B） soaked（C） s
8、ucked（D）immersed16 In regard to those ancient emperors, we need to assess them in the _ of their times.（A）content（B） context（C） contest（D）contention17 With the Chinese economy expected to continue its strong performance, ability to speak the Chinese language will be an _ of greater and greater value
9、.（A）asset（B） ethic（C） inventory（D）obligation18 In my belief, some of the comments in the movie about the job market are actually _ of real life difficulties in finding a good job after graduation from universities.（A）reflections（B） demonstrations（C） illuminations（D）reproductions19 Looking back upon
10、the whole process, we have every reason to _ our success to Mary who suggested the right method at the beginning.（A）ascribe（B） ascertain（C） aspire（D）assert20 Overpopulation has greatly _ the development of this city.（A）rectified（B） hampered（C） averted（D）discarded21 Your phone can be _ the cigarette
11、lighter socket in your car to get recharge.（A）plugged in（B） plugged into（C） logged on（D）logged on to22 I _ Rosas voice from among the general conversation.（A）picked out（B） picked up（C） turned out（D）turned up23 The company decided to make further improvements on the computers design _ the requirement
12、s of customers.（A）in the light of（B） in the name of（C） in favor of（D）in honor of24 When the whole area was _ by flood, the government sent food there by helicopter.（A）cut away（B） cut down（C） cut up（D）cut off25 It was not until she had arrived home _ remembered her appointment with the doctor.（A）when
13、 she（B） that she（C） and she（D）she26 Since you need to catch an early train tomorrow morning, we _ now.（A）might as well leave（B） ought to have left（C） should have left（D）could have left27 The days work _, Mary and Carl are playing cards.（A）are done（B） done（C） doing（D）did28 The day when he first arriv
14、ed in Chicago _ distinctly in his memory.（A）stands down（B） stands in（C） stands out（D）stands up29 A well-written composition _ good choice of words and clear organization among other things.（A）calls on（B） calls for（C） calls up（D）calls off30 We were struck by the extent _ which teachers decisions serv
15、ed the interests of the school rather than those of the students.（A）to（B） for（C） in（D）with二、Reading Comprehension30 There is substantial evidence that by 1926, with the publication of The Weary Blues, Langston Hughes had broken with two well-established traditions in African American literature. In
16、The Weary Blues, Hughes chose to modify the traditions that decreed that African American literature must promote racial acceptance and integration, and that, in order to do so, it must reflect an understanding and mastery of Western European literary techniques and styles. Necessarily excluded by t
17、his decree, linguistically and thematically, was the vast amount of secular folk material in the oral tradition that had been created by Black people in the years of slavery and after. It might be pointed out that even the spirituals or “sorrow songs“ of the slaves-as distinct from their secular son
18、gs and stories-had been Europeanized to make them acceptable within these African American traditions after the Civil War. In 1862 northern White writers had commented favorably on the unique and provocative melodies of these “sorrow songs“ when they first heard them sung by slaves in the Carolina s
19、ea islands. But by 1916, ten years before the publication of The Weary Blues, Hurry T. Burleigh, the Black baritone soloist at New Yorks ultrafashionable Saint Georges Episcopal Church, had published Jubilee Songs of the United States, with every spiritual arranged so that a concert singer could sin
20、g it “in the manner of an art song.“ Clearly, the artistic work of Black people could be used to promote racial acceptance and integration only on the condition that it became Europeanize.Even more than his rebellion against this restrictive tradition in African American art, Hughess expression of t
21、he vibrant folk culture of Black people established his writing as a landmark in the history of African American literature. Most of his folk poems have the distinctive marks of this folk cultures oral tradition : they contain many instances of naming and enumeration, considerable hyperbole and unde
22、rstatement, and a strong infusion of street-talk rhyming. There is a deceptive veil of artlessness in these poems. Hughes prided himself on being an impromptu and impressionistic writer of poetry. His, he insisted, was not an artfully constructed poetry. Yet an analysis of his dramatic monologues an
23、d other poems reveals that his poetry was carefully and artfully crafte. In his folk poetry we find features common to all folk literature, such as dramatic ellipsis, narrative compression, rhythmic repetition, and monosyllabic emphasis. The peculiar mixture of irony and humor we find in his writing
24、 is a distinguishing feature of his folk poetry. Together, these aspects, of Hughess writing helped to modify the previous restrictions on the techniques and subject matter of Black writers and consequently to broaden the linguistic and thematic range of African American literature.31 The author men
25、tions which one of the following as an example of the influence of Black folk culture on Hughess poetry?（A）his exploitation of ambiguous and deceptive meanings（B） his strong religious beliefs（C） his use of naming and enumeration（D）his use of first-person narrative32 The author suggests that the “dec
26、eptive veil“ (Paragraph 2) in Hughess poetry obscures（A）evidence of his use of oral techniques in his poetry（B） evidence of his thoughtful deliberation in composing his poems（C） his scrupulous concern for representative details in his poetry（D）his incorporation of Western European literary technique
27、s in his poetry33 The author most probably mentions the reactions of northern White writers to non-Europeanized “sorrow songs“ in order to _.（A）suggest that White writers benefited more from exposure to African American art forms than Black writers did from exposure to European art forms（B） contrast
28、 White writers earlier appreciation of these songs with the growing tendency after the Civil War to regard Europeanized versions of the songs as more acceptable（C） show that the requirement that such songs be Europeanized was internal to the African American tradition and was unrelated to the litera
29、ry standards or attitudes of White writers（D）demonstrate that such songs in their non-Europeanized form were more imaginative34 The passage suggests that the author would be most likely to agree with which one of the following statements about the requirement that Black writers employ Western Europe
30、an literary techniques?（A）The requirement was imposed more for social than for aesthetic reasons.（B） The requirement was a relatively unimportant aspect of the African American tradition.（C） The requirement was the chief reason for Hughess success as a writer.（D）The requirement was appropriated for
31、some forms of expression but not for others.35 Which one of the following aspects of Hughess poetry does the author appear to value most highly?（A）its novelty compared to other works of African American literature（B） its subtle understatement compared to that of other kinds of folk literature（C） its
32、 virtuosity in adapting musical forms to language（D）its expression of the folk culture of Black People35 To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters,
33、 and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment. For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence. Dullness and loneliness were common problems o
34、f the families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside worl. The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality. Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had
35、nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: if you didnt take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And
36、 someday, remember, you might be in the same situation. Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy touri
37、st trails. “I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner-amazing. “ Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interprete
38、d neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition. As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language d
39、oes not necessarily mean that someone understands, social and cultural patterns.Visitors who fail to “translate“ cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the word “friend“, the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it h
40、as in the visitors language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.36 In the eyes of visitors from th
41、e outside world, _.（A）rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the US（B） small-minded officials deserve a serious comment（C） Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors（D）most Americans are ready to offer help37 It could be inferred from the last paragraph that _.（A）culture exercises an influence o
42、ver social interrelationship（B） courteous convention and individual interest are interrelated（C） various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friends（D）social interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions38 Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers _.（A
43、）to improve their hard life（B） in view of their long-distance travel（C） to add some flavor to their own daily life（D）out of a charitable impulse39 The tradition of hospitality to strangers _.（A）tends to be superficial and artificial（B） is generally well kept up in the United States（C） is always unde
44、rstood properly（D）has something to do with the busy tourist trails40 Whats the authors attitude toward the Americans friendliness?（A）Favorable.（B） Unfavorable.（C） Indifferent.（D）Neutral.40 Joy and sadness are experienced by people in all cultures around the world, but how can we tell when other peop
45、le are happy or despondent? It turns out that the expression of many emotions maybe universal, Smiling is apparently a universal sign of friendliness and approval. Baring the teeth in a hostile way, as noted by Charles Darwin in the nineteenth century, may be a universe sign of anger. As the origina
46、tor of the theory of evolution, Darwin believed that the universal recognition of facial expressions would have survival value. For example, facial expressions could signal the approach of enemies (or friends) in the absence of language.Most investigators concur that certain facial expressions sugge
47、st the same emotions in a people. Moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions manifested by the facial expressions. In classic research Paul Ekman took photographs of people exhibiting the emotions of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, and sadness. He then asked people around the world
48、 to indicate what emotions were being depicted in them. Those queried ranged from European college students to members of the Fore, a tribe that dwells in the New Guinea highlands. All groups including the Fore, who had almost no contact with Western culture, agreed on the portrayed emotions. The Fo
49、re also displayed familiar facial expressions when asked how they would respond if they were the characters in stories that called for basic emotional responses. Ekman and his colleagues more recently obtained similar results in a study of ten cultures in which participants were permitted to report that multiple emotions were shown by facial expressions. The participants generally agreed on whic
