1、公共英语四级-182 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)/r/n /r/n Information about the Requirement of the Advanced Geology Course/r/n Students must read at least _ book(s)./r/n /r/n 1/r/n /r/n /r/n Students must write at least _ book review(s)./r/n /r/n 2/r/n
2、 /r/n /r/n Students must write _ additional report(s)./r/n /r/n 3/r/n /r/n/r/n/r/n /r/n Information about the Result /r/n The woman can call the professor on _ night./r/n /r/n 4/r/n /r/n /r/n The woman can visit the professor in the office on _ roaming./r/n /r/n 5/r/n /r/n（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项
3、1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).First of all, successful language learners are _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The first type of learners try to find the _ for them- selves.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Successful language learners can accept information that is _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Whats more important fo
4、r successful learners to do in the language than to know the meaning of every word?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).What are the final type of successful language learners?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、Part C(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Questions 11 13 are based on a story about a man and his pet bird. You now have 15 seconds to read Qu
5、estions 11 13.（分数：3.00）(1).Why did the man lose his temper?（分数：1.00）A.Because the bird couldnt repeat his masters name.B.Because the bird screamed all day long.C.Because the bird uttered the wrong word.D.Because the bird failed to say the name of the town.(2).Who killed the three chickens?（分数：1.00）A
6、.The cruel master,B.The man in the kitchen.C.The pet bird.D.The fourth chicken(3).Why was the man shocked at the scene the next morning?（分数：1.00）A.The bird had finally understood his threat.B.The bird managed to escape from the chicken house.C.The bird had learned to scream back at him.D.The bird wa
7、s living peacefully with the chickens.Questions 14 17 are based on a dialogue about intermarriage, You now have 20 seconds to rend Questions 14 17.（分数：4.00）(1).Which word may best describe the two speakers positions on intermarriage?（分数：1.00）A.Comparison.B.Contrast.C.Casuality.D.Bias.(2).How does ma
8、rriage usually thrive concerning customs and traditions according to the woman?（分数：1.00）A.On a give-and-take policy.B.Beyond a give-and-take policy.C.In the manner of each others adaptation.D.Due to religious beliefs.(3).The cultural differences arise _ according to the woman.（分数：1.00）A.at the weddi
9、ngB.before intermarriageC.after people get marriedD.until recently(4).What negative effects may the intermarriage most probably cause?（分数：1.00）A.A divorce.B.Much suffering in childrens minds.C.A big gap between the parents.D.All of the above.Questions 18 20 are based on a monologue about e-commerce.
10、 You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 18 20.（分数：3.00）(1).In 1998, the total value transacted in e-commerce was _.（分数：1.00）A.$ 680 000 millionB.$ 68 900 millionC.$ 68 900 billionD.$16 890 billion(2).Some people in the metal industry think the new trend will _.（分数：1.00）A.seriously change the way
11、they do businessB.seriously damage the way they do businessC.not seriously change the way they do businessD.not seriously damage the way they do business(3).Some people in the metal industry think only _ products will be traded on the web.（分数：1.00）A.standard and second classB.high-techC.computer and
12、 softwareD.industrial五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)The tango has probably traveled further and gone through more changes than almost (21) . African slaves brought the tango to Haiti and Cuba in the 18th century; in Cuba, the tango was influenced by the local Cuban dance, (22) “the Havana“. Fro
13、m there (23) took the tango in Argentina in the 19th century, (24) it was changed once again and became popular in the (25) . It was an erotic dance of working class people by this time. (26) made it difficult for middle-class Europeans to accept.(27) at the beginning of this century, the tango was
14、refined, so that it (28) its erotic features. It was preformed in (29) casino ballrooms. The tango, in its sophisticated European (30) , became popular in England and in the USA. Once (31) , the tango became the rage in London and Paris. People began to (32) the Viennese waltz custom of dancing in r
15、estaurants between the (33) of a meal Proprietors (34) this, “for the pleasure of the customers and for the benefit of their digestion“! After “tango teas“ (35) everywhere, even in private houses, Latin American music was played for the tango, (36) more and more people owned gramphones.The tango ret
16、urned in (37) in a freer, more exotic form than (38) . Rudolph Valentino, the Holly-wood film star, began his (39) as a professional tango partner in American tea-rooms. Valentino (40) immortalized the dance on film.（分数：20.00）A.any more dancesB.any danceC.any other danceD.any dancesA.referred to asB
17、.called asC.referring toD.callingA.immigrantsB.emigrantsC.immigratesD.emigratesA.whereB.thereC.whenD.thenA.polite societyB.upper circlesC.European quarterD.sirensA.whereB.thatC.whenD.whichA.ThereforeB.ButC.FurthermoreD.AndA.acquiredB.demonstratedC.lostD.initiatedA.fabulousB.frigidC.feebleD.fashionab
18、leA.shapeB.formC.formatD.contourA.having establishedB.establishingC.being establishedD.establishedA.followB.imitateC.abandonD.adaptA.intervalsB.pausesC.coursesD.dishesA.had been encouraged byB.had encouragedC.was encouraged byD.encouragedA.sprang outB.dg forthC.sprang upD.sprang backA.asB.withC.soD.
19、due toA.1920sB.the 1920C.1920sD.the 1920sA.beforeB.agoC.pastD.formerA.occupationB.lifeC.careerD.employmentA.latelyB.latterC.lateD.later六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Environmental issues raise a host of difficult ethical questions, including the a
20、ncient one of the nature of intrinsic value. Whereas many philosophers in the past have agreed that human experiences have intrinsic value and the utilitarians at least have always accepted that the pleasures and pains of non-human animals are of some intrinsic significance, this does not show why i
21、t is so bad if dodos become extinct or a rainforest is cut down. Are these things to be regretted only because of the loss to humans or other sentient creatures.9 Or is there more to it. than that? Some philosophers are now prepared to defend the view that trees, rivers, species (considered apart fr
22、om the individual animals of which they consist), and perhaps ecological systems as a whole have a value independent of the instrumental value they may have for humans or other sentient creatures.Our concern for the environment also raises the question of our obligations to future generations. How m
23、uch do we owe to the future? From a social contract view of ethics or for the ethical egoist, the answer would seem to be: nothing. For we can benefit them, but they are unable to reciprocate Most other ethical theories, however, do give weight to the interests of coming generations. Utilitarians, f
24、or one, would not think that the fact that members of future generations do not exist yet is any reason for giving less consideration to their interests than we give to our own. provided only that we are certain that they will exist and will have interests that will be affected by what we do. In the
25、 case of. say, the storage of radioactive wastes, it seems clear that what we do will indeed affect the interests of generations to come.The question becomes much more complex, however, when we consider that we can affect the size of future generations by the population policies we choose and the ex
26、tent to which we encourage large or small families. Most environmentalists believe that the world is already dangerously over-crowded. This may well be so, but the notion of overpopulation conceals a philosophical issue that is ingeniously explored by Derek Parfit in Reasons and Persons (1984). What
27、 is optimum population? Is it that population size at which the average level of welfare will be as high as possible? Or is it the size at which the total amount of welfare the average multiplied by the number of people is as great as possible? Both answers lead to counter-intuitive outcomes, and th
28、e question remains one of the most baffling mysteries in applied ethics.（分数：5.00）(1).The first paragraph is mainly about _.（分数：1.00）A.the intrinsic value of human experiencesB.the intrinsic value of the experiences of nonhuman animalsC.the intrinsic value of ecological system as a wholeD.an ancient
29、ethical question about the nature of intrinsic value(2).We owe nothing to the future generations _.（分数：1.00）A.in the authors opinionB.from a social contract view of ethicsC.for a utilitarianD.for most environmentalists(3).Population policy we take should be considered _.（分数：1.00）A.positiveB.negative
30、C.complexD.reasonable(4).According to this passage, optimum population _.（分数：1.00）A.refers to the population size at which the average level of welfare will be as high as possibleB.refers to the population size at which the total amount of welfare will be as great as possibleC.is a difficult philoso
31、phical issue which remains to be resolved in the futureD.is a difficult philosophical issue which Derek Parfit has successfully settled in Reasons and Persons(5).The proper title for this passage should be _.（分数：1.00）A.A Mystery in Applied EthicsB.Our Obligations to Future GenerationsC.Environmental
32、 EthicsD.Environmental Issues九、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The universities have trained the intellectual pioneers of our civilizationthe priests, the lawyers, the statesmen, the doctors, the men of science, and the men of letters. The conduct of business now requires intellectual imagination of the sam
33、e type as that which in former times has mainly passed into those other occupations.There is one great difficulty which hinders all the higher types of human effort. In modern times this difficulty has even increased in its possibilities for evil. In any large organization the younger men, who are n
34、ovices. must be set to jobs which consist in carrying out fixed duties in obedience to orders. No president of a large corporation meets his youngest employee at his office door with the offer of the most responsible job which the work of that corporation includes. The young men are set to work at a
35、 fixed routine, and only occasionally even see the president as he passes in and out of the building. Such work is a great discipline. It imparts knowledge, and it produces reliability of character; also it is the only work for which the young men, In that novice stage, are fit, and it is the work f
36、or which they are hired. There can be no criticism of the custom. but there may be an unfortunate effect: prolonged routine work dulls the imagination.The way in which a university should function in the preparation for an intellectual career, is by promoting the imaginative consideration of the var
37、ious general principles underlying that career. Its students thus pass tutu their period of technical apprenticeship with their imaginations already practiced in connecting details with general principles.Thus the proper function of a university is the imaginative acquisition of knowledge. Apart fro
38、m this importance of the imagination, there is no reason why businessmen, and other professional men, should not pick up their facts bit by hit as they want them for particular occasions. A university is imaginative or it is nothingat least nothing useful.（分数：5.00）(1).What is a basic requirement for
39、 work in all professions according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Imagination.B.Reliability of character.C.Discipline.D.Obedience to orders,(2).Which of the following serves best as the title of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Limitations of the University.B.The Proper Function of the University.C.Importance of I
40、ntellectual Imagination.D.Foolery of Apprenticeship Period.(3).In modern times the period of technical apprenticeship _.（分数：1.00）A.may have bad effects upon the young menB.can very well train the young menC.is a root cause of many evilsD.is unnecessary for the employees and the business(4).If a univ
41、ersity is to be of any use, it should prepare the students for an intellectual career by _.（分数：1.00）A.imparting knowledge and developing skillsB.developing students independence in thinkingC.disciplining the students in their subject fieldsD.promoting the imagination in connecting details with gener
42、al principles(5).What does the “great difficulty which hinders all the higher types of human effort“ mean?（分数：1.00）A.Prolonged and fixed routine work in the apprenticeship period.B.The young employees seldom seeing the president of the company.C.Universities failure to get young people ready for fut
43、ure work.D.Young men having to obey orders in the early stage of their work.十、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)On 5th December, 1945; five bombers from a United States Naval Air Station left Fort Lauderdale, Florida, on a routine training flight over the Atlantic Ocean, east of Florida. A short time later th
44、e base received radio messages from the bombers (Flight 19) ,saying that they were lost. Then radio contact was broken The flight did not return, and the planes that were sent to look for the bombers also failed to return. A massive search operation was mounted, but no trace of the missing planes or
45、 their pilots was found. They had simply and inexplicably disappeared.This event was sufficient to confirm in many peoples minds that the so-called “Devils Triangle“. or “Bermuda Triangle“ a section of the North Atlantic bounded roughly by Bermuda, Florida and Puerto Rico really was haunted. and in
46、some mysterious way was responsible for the loss of ships and planes. In all, in this area (3 900 000 square kilometres) of open sea, more than 50 ships and 90 planes have mysteriously disappeared. These include the US Navy ship Cyclops in 1918 and the merchant vessel Marine Sulphur Queen in 1963. I
47、n the same year two US Air Force KC 135 planes also disappeared without trace. In other words, it is not only small boats and planes that have vanished in the are4,but the most modem and best-equipped too.Perhaps the most dramatic shipping loss in the area was the US Navy nuclear submarine Scorpion.
48、 This vessel, like others before her, disappeared without explanation in May, 1968. Some months later she was found on the bottom of the ocean, but the reason for her loss has not been properly explained.Many theories about the area have been proposed, and whole books have been written on the subjec
49、t. It has been suggested, for example, that the disappearances are caused by unknown magnetic forces from outer space or from the bottom of the sea. There is also a theory about underwater volcanic action that affects shipping, and another that suggests the lost continent of Atlantis, which according
