1、剑桥商务英语高级-74 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Exercise 1(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.Company“s hierarchy of needs identifies superior compensation as the key to employee motivation. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误2.Hygiene factors are work-related factors that will motivate and please employees. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误3.Equity theory
2、 suggests that an employee“s efforts are influenced by the expected outcome of those efforts. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误4.Negative reinforcement motivates employees by encouraging them to behave in a manner that avoids unfavorable consequences. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误5.Most compensation plans that tie pay performa
3、nce are intended to motivate employees to achieve high performance. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误6.A merit system allocates raises for all employees according to sales of the firm. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误7.An across-the-board system is appropriate when all employees deserve the same reward for their work. （分数：2.00）A.
4、正确B.错误8.Open-book management encourages employees to make decisions and conduct tasks as if they were the firm“s owners. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误9.The techniques of motivation apply across countries. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误10.MBO (management by objectives) allows employees to participate in setting their goals a
5、nd determining the manner in which they complete their tasks. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误二、Exercise 2(总题数：12，分数：36.00)11.By _ employees to properly perform the tasks they are assigned, management can maximize the firm“s value.（分数：3.00）A.motivatingB.threateningC.coercingD.manipulatingE.harassing12.Social inter
6、action and acceptance by others are examples of _（分数：3.00）A.physiological needs.B.esteem needs.C.safety needs.D.social needs.E.self-actualization needs.13.Needs that are satisfied with food, clothing and shelter are ailed _ needs.（分数：3.00）A.safetyB.socialC.affiliationD.self-esteemE.physiological14.A
7、ll of the following are methods used to enhance job satisfaction except _（分数：3.00）A.employee involvement programs.B.Theory X management.C.job security.D.adequate compensation programs.E.flexible work schedules.15.Theory Z suggests that employees are more satisfied when _（分数：3.00）A.they receive above
8、average pay raises.B.their compensation is consistent with their efforts.C.managers restrict the delegation of authority.D.they involved in decision making.E.appropriate hygiene factors are available.16.Which of the following theories of management suggests that workers will be motivated if they ar
9、e compensated in accordance with their perceived contributions to the form?（分数：3.00）A.expectancy theoryB.equity theoryC.need theoryD.Theory YE.reinforcement theory17.The reinforcement theory that motivates employees by encouraging them to behave in a manner that avoids unfavorable consequences is _
10、reinforcement.（分数：3.00）A.positiveB.neutralC.equityD.negativeE.expectancy18.In an across-the-board system, all employees receive similar _.（分数：3.00）A.raises.B.job assignments.C.offices.D.work schedules.E.performance appraisals.19.Which of the following provides employees with various forms of compens
11、ation if specific performance goals are met?（分数：3.00）A.flextime programsB.job enlargementC.participative managementD.open-book managementE.incentive plans20.Which of the following is not a guideline for designing a motivational compensation system?（分数：3.00）A.align the system with business goalsB.ali
12、gn the system with specific goalsC.establish systems for rewarding employee seniorityD.set achievable goals for employeesE.allow employee input on the compensation system21.When employees evaluate their supervisors, the results are likely to be more meaningful if the appraisal is done _（分数：3.00）A.ve
13、rbally, with nothing put in writing.B.without supervisor“s knowledge.C.no more than once every two years.D.anonymously.E.only by employees who have known the supervisor for more than two years.22.Employees who serve in _ positions provide assistance and support to employees who serve in line positio
14、ns.（分数：3.00）A.secondaryB.nominalC.reserveD.nonlinearE.staff三、Exercise 3(总题数：12，分数：24.00)23.The document that specifies credentials necessary to qualify for the job position is a _（分数：2.00）A.job specification.B.job description.C.job analysis.D.job evaluation.E.performance evaluation.24.A major respon
15、sibility of a human resources manager is to _（分数：2.00）A.help each specific department recruit candidates for its open positions.B.conduct performance evaluations for all employees.C.establish the information system and local area network used by the firm“s employees.D.help select the members of top
16、management who will serve on the firm“s board of directors.E.prevent formation of labor unions.25.The tasks and responsibilities of a job position are disclosed in a (n) _（分数：2.00）A.job specification.B.indenture agreement.C.job description.D.organization chart.E.staffing report.26.The process used t
17、o determine the tasks and the necessary credentials for a particular position is referred to as _（分数：2.00）A.job analysis.B.job screening.C.human resources planning.D.human resources forecasting.E.recruiting.27.Human resources planning includes all of the following tasks except _（分数：2.00）A.designing
18、the appropriate compensation package.B.performing job analysis.C.forecasting employment needs.D.recruiting.E.developing job description.28.If firms wish to avoid hiring during a temporary increase in production, they can offer _ to existing workers.（分数：2.00）A.overtimeB.vocationsC.training programsD.
19、affirmative actionE.orientation programs29.When a firm attempts to fill job openings with persons it already employs, it is engaging in: _（分数：2.00）A.entrepreneurshipB.internal recruitingC.entrenchmentD.recruitingE.focused recruiting30.A (n) _ is an assignment to a higher-level job with more responsi
20、bility and greater pay.（分数：2.00）A.transferB.lateral assignmentC.perquisiteD.upward appraisalE.promotion31.A firm“s human resources manager can obtain detailed information about the applicant“s past work experience through a (n) _（分数：2.00）A.employment test.B.physical exam.C.interview.D.job analysis.E
21、orientation program.32.A step in the recruiting process that involves screening applicants is the _（分数：2.00）A.training procedure.B.orientation procedure.C.upward appraisal.D.interview.E.probation period.33.If an employee receives a poor performance appraisal, the first action that should be taken i
22、s _（分数：2.00）A.communicating the performance criteria to the employee.B.terminating the employee.C.determining the reasons for poor performance.D.suspending the employee.E.reassigning the employee.34.When firms allow employees to evaluate their supervisors, this process is known as a (n) _（分数：2.00）A.
23、management auditor.B.upward appraisal.C.forward appraisal.D.peer review.E.executive evaluation.四、Exercise 4(总题数：10，分数：20.00)35.Employees need to be motivated as well as to have the proper skills to do their jobs. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误36.The motivation of employees is influenced by job satisfaction, or t
24、he degree to which employees are satisfied with their jobs. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误37.Self-actualization represents the need to fully reach one“s potential. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误38.Employee“s job satisfaction can increase when social interaction is allowed in the workplace. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误39.Bonuses are usu
25、ally paid more frequently than commissions. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误40.Incentive plans provide employees with various forms of compensation if they meet specific performance goals. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误41.Commissions are used for jobs where employee“s performance cannot be as easily measured. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误
26、42.Across-the-board system allocates similar raises to all employees. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误43.Teamwork means a group of employees with varied job positions have the responsibility to achieve a specific goal. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误44.Merit system allocates raises according to performance (merit). （分数：2.00）A.正
27、确B.错误剑桥商务英语高级-74 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Exercise 1(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.Company“s hierarchy of needs identifies superior compensation as the key to employee motivation. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误 解析：2.Hygiene factors are work-related factors that will motivate and please employees. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误 解析：3.E
28、quity theory suggests that an employee“s efforts are influenced by the expected outcome of those efforts. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误 解析：4.Negative reinforcement motivates employees by encouraging them to behave in a manner that avoids unfavorable consequences. （分数：2.00）A.正确 B.错误解析：5.Most compensation plans t
29、hat tie pay performance are intended to motivate employees to achieve high performance. （分数：2.00）A.正确 B.错误解析：6.A merit system allocates raises for all employees according to sales of the firm. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误 解析：7.An across-the-board system is appropriate when all employees deserve the same reward
30、 for their work. （分数：2.00）A.正确 B.错误解析：8.Open-book management encourages employees to make decisions and conduct tasks as if they were the firm“s owners. （分数：2.00）A.正确 B.错误解析：9.The techniques of motivation apply across countries. （分数：2.00）A.正确B.错误 解析：10.MBO (management by objectives) allows employees
31、 to participate in setting their goals and determining the manner in which they complete their tasks. （分数：2.00）A.正确 B.错误解析：二、Exercise 2(总题数：12，分数：36.00)11.By _ employees to properly perform the tasks they are assigned, management can maximize the firm“s value.（分数：3.00）A.motivating B.threateningC.coe
32、rcingD.manipulatingE.harassing解析：12.Social interaction and acceptance by others are examples of _（分数：3.00）A.physiological needs.B.esteem needs.C.safety needs.D.social needs. E.self-actualization needs.解析：13.Needs that are satisfied with food, clothing and shelter are ailed _ needs.（分数：3.00）A.safetyB
33、socialC.affiliationD.self-esteemE.physiological 解析：14.All of the following are methods used to enhance job satisfaction except _（分数：3.00）A.employee involvement programs.B.Theory X management. C.job security.D.adequate compensation programs.E.flexible work schedules.解析：15.Theory Z suggests that empl
34、oyees are more satisfied when _（分数：3.00）A.they receive above-average pay raises.B.their compensation is consistent with their efforts.C.managers restrict the delegation of authority.D.they involved in decision making. E.appropriate hygiene factors are available.解析：16.Which of the following theories
35、of management suggests that workers will be motivated if they are compensated in accordance with their perceived contributions to the form?（分数：3.00）A.expectancy theoryB.equity theory C.need theoryD.Theory YE.reinforcement theory解析：17.The reinforcement theory that motivates employees by encouraging t
36、hem to behave in a manner that avoids unfavorable consequences is _ reinforcement.（分数：3.00）A.positiveB.neutralC.equityD.negative E.expectancy解析：18.In an across-the-board system, all employees receive similar _.（分数：3.00）A.raises. B.job assignments.C.offices.D.work schedules.E.performance appraisals.解
37、析：19.Which of the following provides employees with various forms of compensation if specific performance goals are met?（分数：3.00）A.flextime programsB.job enlargementC.participative managementD.open-book managementE.incentive plans 解析：20.Which of the following is not a guideline for designing a motiv
38、ational compensation system?（分数：3.00）A.align the system with business goalsB.align the system with specific goalsC.establish systems for rewarding employee seniority D.set achievable goals for employeesE.allow employee input on the compensation system解析：21.When employees evaluate their supervisors,
39、the results are likely to be more meaningful if the appraisal is done _（分数：3.00）A.verbally, with nothing put in writing.B.without supervisor“s knowledge.C.no more than once every two years.D.anonymously. E.only by employees who have known the supervisor for more than two years.解析：22.Employees who se
40、rve in _ positions provide assistance and support to employees who serve in line positions.（分数：3.00）A.secondaryB.nominalC.reserveD.nonlinearE.staff 解析：三、Exercise 3(总题数：12，分数：24.00)23.The document that specifies credentials necessary to qualify for the job position is a _（分数：2.00）A.job specification.
41、 B.job description.C.job analysis.D.job evaluation.E.performance evaluation.解析：24.A major responsibility of a human resources manager is to _（分数：2.00）A.help each specific department recruit candidates for its open positions. B.conduct performance evaluations for all employees.C.establish the informa
42、tion system and local area network used by the firm“s employees.D.help select the members of top management who will serve on the firm“s board of directors.E.prevent formation of labor unions.解析：25.The tasks and responsibilities of a job position are disclosed in a (n) _（分数：2.00）A.job specification.
43、B.indenture agreement.C.job description. D.organization chart.E.staffing report.解析：26.The process used to determine the tasks and the necessary credentials for a particular position is referred to as _（分数：2.00）A.job analysis. B.job screening.C.human resources planning.D.human resources forecasting.E
44、recruiting.解析：27.Human resources planning includes all of the following tasks except _（分数：2.00）A.designing the appropriate compensation package. B.performing job analysis.C.forecasting employment needs.D.recruiting.E.developing job description.解析：28.If firms wish to avoid hiring during a temporary
45、increase in production, they can offer _ to existing workers.（分数：2.00）A.overtime B.vocationsC.training programsD.affirmative actionE.orientation programs解析：29.When a firm attempts to fill job openings with persons it already employs, it is engaging in: _（分数：2.00）A.entrepreneurshipB.internal recruiti
46、ng C.entrenchmentD.recruitingE.focused recruiting解析：30.A (n) _ is an assignment to a higher-level job with more responsibility and greater pay.（分数：2.00）A.transferB.lateral assignmentC.perquisiteD.upward appraisalE.promotion 解析：31.A firm“s human resources manager can obtain detailed information about
47、 the applicant“s past work experience through a (n) _（分数：2.00）A.employment test.B.physical exam.C.interview. D.job analysis.E.orientation program.解析：32.A step in the recruiting process that involves screening applicants is the _（分数：2.00）A.training procedure.B.orientation procedure.C.upward appraisal
48、D.interview. E.probation period.解析：33.If an employee receives a poor performance appraisal, the first action that should be taken is _（分数：2.00）A.communicating the performance criteria to the employee.B.terminating the employee.C.determining the reasons for poor performance. D.suspending the employe
49、e.E.reassigning the employee.解析：34.When firms allow employees to evaluate their supervisors, this process is known as a (n) _（分数：2.00）A.management auditor.B.upward appraisal. C.forward appraisal.D.peer review.E.executive evaluation.解析：四、Exercise 4(总题数：10，分数：20.00)35.Employees need to be motivated as well as to have the proper skills to do their jobs. （分数
