1、剑桥商务英语中级-120 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、READING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、PART ONE(总题数：1，分数：7.00) A. Entering the 21st century UK banks appear to be at their strongest for decades. Consolidation and restructuring have occurred at a rapid pace Many mergers and acquisitions are undertaken with the aim of incr
2、easing or protecting market share, improving shareholder value getting cost savings, improving economies of scale or generating new cross-selling opportunities. Britain now has six universal banks offering a wide range of financial service products including corporate and personal lending, saving, i
3、nsurance and other personal finance products. B. The OCC (Office of the Comptroller of the Currency) supervises national banks and enforces federal banking laws. It rules: on new charter arid merger applications for national banks, and conducts basic research on banking and the economy. The tools ha
4、ve changed, but for the OCC, the basic mission remains the same as in the days of Lincoln: to ensure a safe, sound and competitive national banking system that supports the citizens, communities, and economy of the United States. C. Today, the financial institutions of Japan are well on the way to r
5、egaining robust health. The recovery is going well enough that the government has removed partially one of the measures that has helped maintain public confidence in the financial systeman unlimited guarantee on bank deposits. Since 1996, the government has offered an unlimited guarantee on bank dep
6、osits-a support for financial institutions which permitted depositors to ignore fundamental questions about the viability and stability of their banks. Even more encouraging has been the progress the banks have made in reducing their non-performing loans. The ratio of bad loans in the largest banks
7、has been cut in half. D. The stability of the German banking system is historically based on the universal banking approach. Doing business through diversified banking institutions and/or bank groups has historically allowed for risk mitigation over various business lines. However, the driving force
8、s behind the structural changes are increasingly proving universal banking as too cumbersome and cost-intensive. The banking industry is currently in the process of making adjustments to the organization at structure and strategic positioning of bank conglomerates, bank groups and strategic alliance
9、s with more significant measures to follow. The banks are making strong efforts to focus on core bank activities, to use existing capital resources more efficiently, to close down retail branches, and to bundle or outsource back-office functions.（分数：7.00）(1).Bank industry is developing under the reg
10、ulation of banking laws.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Traditional banking system which has contributed to the stability of financial institutions in history becomes clumsy and costly in this country.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Bad loans are one of the factors which affect peoples confidence in banks.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(
11、4).Banks in this country are taking pains to increase market share and save costs.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Supervising tools for banks in this country have changed a lot in the past years.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).The government in this country has tried hard to regain peoples confidence in its banking industr
12、y.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Some banks in this country provide different kinds of financial service products such as saving, lending and insurance, etc.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、PART TWO(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Production and the Circular FlowEconomics deals with the production， distribution, and use of goods, including ma
13、terial goods or commodities and nonmaterial goods or services. A good is a free good if there is so much of it that people can have all they want at a zero price. Spring water is an example. (0) G Coffee on the supermarket shelf is an example. Economics deals only with scarce goods, since free goods
14、 present no problems of supply or distribution.The American economy is usually called a private enterprise economy, or a market economy. Government produces some good police and fire protection, public education, streets and highways. (8) We use this term in a broad sense. A farm is a business. So i
15、s the office of a doctor, lawyer, or other professional persons. Instead of business we could say producing unit, but the former term is simpler and more familiar.In order to carry on production, a business needs inputs, also called factors of production. (9) Labour means any kind of physical or men
16、tal effort exerted on production. It includes the work of the corporation executive, lawyer, or college teacher as well as that of the farmer, salesclerk, or plumber.(10) In everyday speech it is often used to mean a sum of money representing the assets of a corporation or an individual. We say that
17、 a company has a capital of $200 bacon or that a person is worth $200,000. Such sums of money are important; but when that is what we mean, we should be careful to say financial capital.In economics, the term capital used alone means physical capital, or instruments or production. (11) So is the bui
18、lding, which houses the machines. So is any building used for productiona department store, an office building, a hotel Raw materials and semi-finished goods in the hands of producers are also capitals.The factors of production are owned by individuals. (12) Doesnt the Coca-Cola Company own the plan
19、ts and machinery it operates? Yes, but who owns Coca-Cola? The company, and thus all of its assets, belongs to the many thousands of people who own common stock in the company. A. The most important inputs are labour and capital, which have a special meaning in economics. B. In the case of enterpris
20、es and companies, this may not seem to be true. C. Of course it is true, but most goods are produced by businesses. D. Machinery in an automobile assembly plant is called capital. E. Capital and labour are factors of production, among which labour plays an important role. F. As far as the term capit
21、al is concerned, it is especially confusing. G. A good is scarce if there is not enough of it for everyone to have all they want at a zero pric（分数：5.00）(1).Of course it is true, but most goods are produced by businesses. （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The most important inputs are labour and capital, which hav
22、e a special meaning in economics. （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).As far as the term capital is concerned, it is especially confusing. （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4). Machinery in an automobile assembly plant is called capital. （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5). In the case of enterprises and companies, this may not seem to be true. （分
23、数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、PART THREE(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Why We Need Insurance?Insurance is a cover used for protecting oneself from the risk of a financial loss. It is important to understand that risk is a part of any persons life and that it increases as a person increases in age, responsibility and wealth. Thro
24、ughout the living existence, everyone is faced by numerous risks-failing health, financial losses, accidents and even fatalities. Insurance addresses all these uncertainties on financial terms. Insurance is risk coverage against financial losses and should not be taken as an investment instrument.Ev
25、eryone needs insurance if they are worried about economic loss, or if they lose something. The purpose of insurance is to give them peace of mind. Having the right kind of insurance coverage is an essential part of building a solid financial future. Insurance protects people from risk and guarantees
26、 that, once they accumulate assets, they will be able to keep them. The basic definition of insurance is risk management. There are mainly two parties involved in this-the insurer and the insured. The insurer is the insurance company who will provide the cover to the insured against any financial lo
27、sses. The insured may be an individual person or a group of people like an employer, members of a society, etc.A policy is the contract between the insurer and the insured, which states the risks covered, the exclusions, if any, and the benefits reimbursed on the happening of an event like death, il
28、lness etc. The policy is paid through what is called a premium, which is a set amount that must be paid by the insured on a monthly, semi- annual or annual basis. On the happening of an event like death, disability, fire, etc., for which the insured is covered, the benefit amount stated in the polic
29、y contract can be claimed by the insured.The way insurance goes is that the premium plus thousands or sometimes even millions of other peoples premiums go together in a big pool. The insurance companies use that pool. They invest it, and then they pay it when theres a claim.Theres property and casua
30、lty, and life and health insurance. Life and health insurance includes life, disability, health insurance, long-term care insurance. Property casualty insurance is a type of insurance that insures ones home, auto, and airplane, things like that. Change is perhaps that only static constant within the
31、 dynamics of life and risks always move in tandem within a changing environment. Life insurance is more of a hedging mechanism rather than a real investment avenue. It is essentially a mechanism that eliminates risks primarily by transferring the risk from the insured to the insurer.It is not that l
32、ife and existence are constantly fraught with danger and uncertainty. But it is essential that people plan for the future. The chances for a fatality or an injury to occur to the average individual may not be particularly high but then no one can really afford to completely disregard his or her futu
33、re. Insurance is the most reliable tool an individual can use to plan for his future.（分数：6.00）(1).What can insurance do for people?（分数：1.00）A.Insurance can protect people from a great variety of risks.B.Insurance can address numerous risks on financial terms.C.Insurance can be taken as an investment
34、 instrument.D.Insurance can help people deal with failing healt(2).According to the third paragraph, how often can the insured pay the premium?（分数：1.00）A.The insured can pay the premium in one month, half a year or a year.B.The insured can pay the premium only on semi-annual basis.C.The insured can
35、pay the premium only on annual basis.D.The insured can pay the premium on the basis of one quarter.(3).When can the insured make a claim?（分数：1.00）A.The insured can make a claim when the policy reaches the end of the term.B.The insured can make a claim when the insured pays the premium.C.The insured
36、can make a claim when the risk covered in the policy happens.D.The insured can make a claim when the policy takes effect.(4).What does the word “pool“ mean in the fourth paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.It means a place where people put their money.B.It means the total amount of premium paid by all the insured.
37、C.It means the total amount of premium paid by the insured individually.D.It means a place where people swim.(5).Why should life insurance be regarded as a way to eliminate risks in a changing environment?（分数：1.00）A.Because it is a real investment avenueB.Because it is a way to avoid changes in life
38、C.Because it can deal with all kinds of risks in lifeD.Because it can transfer the risk from the insured to the insurer(6).According to the last paragraph, which of the following statement is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.Life is always fraught with danger and uncertainty.B.The chances for a fatality or an in
39、jury to occur to the average individual are not high.C.No one can afford to disregard his future and what he holds in such a changing environment.D.Insurance can be regarded as a way to plan for the futur五、PART FOUR(总题数：1，分数：15.00)ProductionProduction, in economics, means all those activities of man
40、kind that have to do with the creation of wealth, i.e. with making raw materials useful so that to (0) A. human wants.The farmer makes use of the (19) of nature to grow wheat. The miller (20) the wheat into flour. And the (21) turns flour into bread. These producers, each in his own way, (22) form u
41、tility to goods. Another class of producers, who transport goods from place to place, add place utility to goods. A third class, who do such things like canning, storage, and refrigeration, add (23) utility.Although businessmen think of them as marketing, economists regard the creation of time and p
42、lace utilities (24) a part of production because, until goods are made (25) at the right time and place, they can not satisfy human wants.Production is (26) to satisfy human wants, and the ability to produce is (27) by three basic factors necessary for production. These three basic factors of produc
43、tion are capital, land and labour. Capital (28) to man-made resources that are used to produce other goods and services. Land, which includes natural resources, is the non-human non-man-made part of resources. Labour is the human part-the service given by people in the process of production.These th
44、ree primary factors of production are sometimes added a fourth: the entrepreneur or enterpriser, who (29) the forces of production and takes the risks. (30) under capitalism production is for a market, an important role of the entrepreneur is to predict (31) the economic demand for goods and to prod
45、uce the (32) and quantity of goods that will (33) that demand.（分数：15.00）A.forcesB.energyC.powerD.resourcesA.crumblesB.crushesC.grindsD.rubsA.workerB.servantC.businessmanD.bakerA.changeB.impartC.transferD.turnA.formB.placeC.productionD.timeA.withB.asC.withD.ofA.accessibleB.availableC.convenientD.read
46、yA.undertakenB.triedC.carriedD.adoptedA.confinedB.decidedC.limitedD.definedA.relatesB.refersC.meansD.directsA.functionsB.arrangesC.organisesD.systematisesA.SinceB.ThoughC.HoweverD.IfA.timelyB.quicklyC.accuratelyD.activelyA.qualityB.brandC.styleD.kindA.satisfyB.changeC.increaseD.stimulate六、PART FIVE(
47、总题数：12，分数：12.00)1.But its maker, Frito-Lay thinks or otherwise. “Potato chips are a snack food for the（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_2.world, “said Salman Amin, the companys head of the global marketing. Amin believes（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_3.there is no corner of the world that can resist against the charms of a Frito-La
48、y potato chip.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_4.Frito-Lay is the biggest snack maker in America, which owned by Pepsi Co. and accounts for（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_5.over half of the parent companys $3 billion annual profits. But the U.S. snack food（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_6.market is largely saturated, and to grow, the company has to look toward overseas.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_7.Its strategy rests on two beliefs: first is a global product offers economies of scale（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_8.with which local brands cannot compete to. And second, consumers in the 21st century（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_
