1、剑桥商务英语中级-122 及答案解析(总分：85.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、READING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、PART ONE(总题数：1，分数：7.00)AQuatasQuatas now has more flights around Australia timed to suit your business. Thanks to the flexibility of Australias largest fleet of aircraft, we have introduced more early morning flights to get you to your
2、 destination. And more evening flights to take you home again. So whenever you need to do business within Australia, or across the world, choose the airline that now has more business flights than ever before.BUnited AirlinesUnited Airlines is the only one airline that flies direct from Sydney Harbo
3、ur to the Golden Gate. We fly direct to San Francisco every Wednesday, Friday and Saturday. This is in addition to our daily Los Angeles services. With United, San Francisco is now the golden gate to over 200 cities throughout America. So come fly the airline thats uniting the world. Come fly the fr
4、iendly skies.CFlying SwissairRun a critical eye over the Swissair timetable for Europe, and youll find its a masterpiece of structure and content. Drawing on a palette of some 50 cities, it also presents the unique choice of three different perspectives: reasonably priced Economy Class, comfortable
5、Business Class and luxurious First Class. All of them inspire more and more discerning travelers to discover the pleasures of flying Swissair.DCanadian flightsOur direct flights from Beijing will have you in North America in just 10 hours via the Vancouver Gateway. Then its your choice: transit dire
6、ctly to the major cities of America and Canada in time to conduct the same days business, or stop over and enjoy a beautiful autumn day in Vancouver (including 3-stax hotel accommodation, three meals, half day guided tour and airport transfer). Either way, Canadian brings you closer to where you wan
7、t to be.（分数：7.00）(1).You will have to transfer to the United States if you fly this airline.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).This company also has flights to another city on set time.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).By this flight, you may stay and enjoy yourself or continue your travel.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).You can go to ever
8、y part of America from this city.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The schedule makes it possible for you to do business within a day.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Flights are well scheduled and cover many European cities.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).This airline provides different kinds of cabins.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、PART TWO(总题数：1，分
9、数：5.00)Knowledge as a Strategic ResourceWhile having unique access to valuable resources is one way to create competitive advantage, in some cases either this may not be possible or competitor?, may imitate or develop substitutes for those resources. Companies having superior knowledge, however, are
10、 able to coordinate and combine their traditional resources and capabilities in new and distinctive ways, providing more value for their customers than can their competitors. That is, by having superior intellectual resources, an organization can understand how to exploit and develop their tradition
11、al resources better than competitors, even if some or all of those traditional resources are not unique. Therefore, knowledge can be considered the most important strategic resource, and the ability to acquire, integrate, store, .share and apply it is the most important capability for building and s
12、ustaining competitive advantage. (8) What is it about knowledge that makes the advantage sustainable? (9) Unlike many traditional resources, it is not easily purchased in the marketplace in a ready-to-use form. To acquire similar knowledge, competitors have to engage in similar experience. However,
13、acquiring knowledge through experience takes time, and cempetitors are limited in how much they can accelerate their learning merely through greater investment.(10) Learning opportunities for an organization that already has a. knowledge advantage may be more valuable than for competitors having sim
14、ilar learning opportunities but starting off knowing less. For example, Big6 invested heavily in capturing and sharing knowledge about key engagements across the firm so that it could sustain its areas of advantage by always building on its latest knowledge, rather than “reinventing the wheel“ while
15、 giving its competitors a chance to catch up.Sustainability may also come from an organization already knowing something that uniquely complements newly acquired knowledge, which provides an opportunity for knowledge synergy not available to its competitors. (11) Organizations should therefore seek
16、areas of learning and experimentation that can potentially add value to their existing knowledge via synergistic combination.Sustainability of a knowledge advantage, then, comes from knowing more about some things than competitor combined with the time constraints faced by competitors in acquiring s
17、imilar knowledge, regardless of how much they invest to catch up. (12) The mere it is used, the more valuable it becomes, creating a self-reinforcing cycle. If an organization can identify areas where its knowledge leads the competition, and if that unique knowledge can be applied profitably in the
18、marketplace, it can represent a powerful and sustainable competitive advantage.A New knowledge is integrated with existing knowledge to develop unique insights and create even more valuable knowledge.B The broadest value proposition, then, for engaging in knowledge management is that it can enhance
19、the organizations fundamental ability to compete.C Unlike traditional physical goods that are consumed as they are used (providing decreasing returns over time), knowledge provides increasing returns as it is used.D Knowledge-based competitive advantage is also sustainable because the more a firm al
20、ready knows, the more it can learn.E Companies having superior knowledge, however, are able to coordinate and combine their traditional resources and capabilities in new and distinctive ways, providing more value for their customers than can their competitors.F As a competitive advantage, knowledge
21、may generate more value for the company if it is appropriately used.G Knowledge - especially context-specific, tacit knowledge embedded in complex organizational routines and developed from experience-tends to be unique, and difficult to imitate.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、PART THR
22、EE(总题数：1，分数：6.00)How to read annual reportsFirst, turn back to the report of the certified public accountant. This third-party auditor will tell you fight off the bat if Galaxys report conforms with “generally accepted accounting principles“. Then go to the footnotes. Check to see whether earnings a
23、re up or down. The footnotes often tell the whole story.Then turn to the letter from the chairman, Usually addressed “to our shareholders,“ its up front - and should be in more ways than one. The chairmans tone reflects the personality, the well- being of the company. In this letter, the chairman sh
24、ould tell you how the company fared this year. But more important, the letter should tell you why. Keep an eye out for sentences that start with “Except for.“ and “Despite the.“ Theyre clues to problems. On the positive side, a chairmans letter should give you insights into the companys future and i
25、ts stance on economic or political trends that may affect it.Now begin digging into the numbers!One source is the balance sheet. It is a snapshot of how the company stands at a single point in time. On the top are assets - everything the company owns. Things that can quickly be turned into cash are
26、current assets. On the bottom are liabilities - everything the company owes. Current liabilities are the debts due in one year, which are paid out of current assets. The difference between current assets and current liabilities is working capital, a key figure to watch from one annual report to anot
27、her. If working capital shrinks, it could mean trouble, one possibility: the company may not be able to keep dividends growing rapidly. Owners equity is the difference between total assets and liabilities. It is the presumed dollar value of what the owners or shareholders own. You want it to grow.Th
28、e second basic source of numbers is the income statement. It shows how much money Galaxy made or lost over the year. Most people look at one figure first. Its in the income statement at the bottom: earnings per share. Watch out. It can fool you. Galaxys management could boost earnings by selling off
29、 a plant. Or by cutting the budget for research and advertising. The number you .should look at first in the income statement is net sales. Ask yourself: are sales going up at a faster rate than the last time around? When sales increases start to slow, the company may be in trouble. Have sales gone
30、down because the company is selling off a losing business? If so, profits may be soaring.Another important thing to study is the companys debt. Turn to the balance, and divide long-term liabilities by owners equity. Thats the debt-to- equity ratio. A high ratio means the company borrows a lot of mon
31、ey to spark its growth. Thats okay - if sales grow too, and d theres enough cash on hand to meet the payments. A company doing well on borrowed money can earn big profits for its shareholders. But if sales fall, watch out. The whole enterprise may slowly sink. Some companies can handle high ratios;
32、others cant.Finally, you have to compare. Is the companys debt-to-equity ratio better or worse than it used to be? Better or worse than the industry norms? In company-watching, comparisons are all. They tell you if management is staying on top of things.（分数：6.00）(1).According to the writer, the most
33、 important element of the chairmans letter is（分数：1.00）A.the expressions used.B.the explanations given by the chairman.C.the performance of the company during the year.D.the companys future described by the chairman.(2).According to the article, the drop of working capital shows that（分数：1.00）A.both c
34、urrent assets and current liabilities fall.B.current assets decline while current liabilities rise.C.both current assets and current liabilities remain the same as the previous year.D.current assets increase but current liabilities decreas(3).What do shareholders expect to increase?（分数：1.00）A.Total
35、assets.B.Working capital.C.Total liabilities.D.Owners equity.(4).According to the article, the main reason to look at net sales first is that（分数：1.00）A.they tell how much profit the company has earned.B.they have nothing to do with advertising.C.they are not affected by selling off a plant.D.they ar
36、e not so easily manipulated by the management as earnings per shar(5).According to the writer, a great deal of borrowing（分数：1.00）A.boosts sales.B.promotes growth.C.generates profits.D.entails risk.(6).What makes it clear that the company is well-managed?（分数：1.00）A.The chairmans letter.B.Auditors rep
37、ort.C.Comparison made by the reader.D.Footnotes.五、PART FOUR(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Dear Sally,I write this report to give a brief account of German economy. Please read through it and make any comment as you like. Thanks!BobWHATS PUTTING A DAMPER ON GROWTHRecovery in Germany will remain halting through the
38、year. The economy barely grew in the first quarter after two quarters of (19) , and while export-oriented businesses are making headway, domestic demand remains (20) The economy will struggle to grow 1% this year.Both consumer spending and business investment (21) in the first quarter, and neither i
39、s gaining (22) in the second. Retail sales in May fell for the second month in a row, as May unemployment posted the largest rise in five years. The jump resulted in (23) from new legislation, strike activity and holidays but it also (24) a large number of job losers and poorer (25) of finding a job
40、. Economic growth wont be strong enough to improve the labor market significantly until next year.Business (26) is improving slowly. The closely watched (27) from the IFO institute dropped in June, and attitudes are mixed. Big exporters seem more (28) , but builders and retailers are more (29) On Ju
41、ne 24, Germanys retail trade association (30) its sales forecast for this year.On the plus side, weak domestic demand and falling oil prices are (31) inflation and delaying the urgency for the European Central Bank to raise interest rates. The euros 12% rise vs. the dollar since February is an addit
42、ional inflation dampener.Eventually, rising exports will (32) capital spending, and consumers will benefit from rising pay - helped by recent wage (33) - along with low inflation and interest rates and planned tax cuts. But that is next years story.（分数：15.00）A.contractionB.depressionC.deductionD.def
43、lationA.idleB.rareC.passiveD.stymiedA.degeneratedB.declinedC.deterioratedD.degradedA.domainB.groundC.baseD.foundationA.factB.shareC.partD.portionA.illustratedB.perplexedC.reflectedD.producedA.foresightB.promisesC.prospectsD.anticipationA.atmosphereB.outlookC.environmentD.sentimentA.scaleB.indexC.fig
44、ureD.situationA.confidentB.ambitiousC.conceitedD.enterprisingA.pessimisticB.hopefulC.desperateD.optimisticA.modifiedB.slashedC.smashedD.withdrewA.controllingB.ceasingC.weakeningD.moderatingA.quickenB.hinderC.boostD.slowerA.dealsB.voucherC.bonusD.rewards六、PART FIVE(总题数：1，分数：12.00)ACCENTURE INNOVATION
45、 DELIVEREDIn todays what-have; you-done-for-me-lately environment, nothing is more valuable than innovative ideas. And it doesnt really matter so where the ideas34 come from or who originates them. All that matters is what you do away with35 them. An idea may live in a neatly bound presentation deck
46、, but not for long36 time. Because in business, an idea belongs not necessarily to those who37 conceived it, but to those who make it happen either. Accenture Co. has been38 the worlds most leading management and technology services organization39 not only for our ability to think, but for our abili
47、ty to think and act. Having40 worked along with more than half of the Fortune Global 500, we axe steeped41 in experience across industries, geographies and through cultures. And that42 combination of knowledge, depth and insight enables us to swiftly mobilize it43 and, most importantly, deliver. Bec
48、ause in the end, its not only how many44 ideas you have. Its how many you make happen. For much more information,45 including case studies in your industry, visit accenture, com, or you can call ourhotline, 3366889.（分数：12.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、WRITING(总题数：2，分数：10.00)1.PART ONE You work for Purchase Department of Robust Machinery Company. Your department ordered 5 000 BG68 gear
