1、剑桥商务英语中级-163 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、READING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、PART ONE(总题数：1，分数：7.00)AThe difference between being a manager and being a leader is simple. Management is a career. Leadership is a calling. You dont have to be tall, well-spoken and good looking to be a successful leader. You dont h
2、ave to have that “special something“ to fulfill the leadership role.BWhat you have to have is clearly defined convictions-and, more importantly, the courage of your convictions to see them manifest into reality. Only when you understand your role as guide and steward based on your own moat deeply he
3、ld truths can you move from manager to leader.CWhether the group you oversee is called employees, associates, co-workers, teammates or anything else, what they are looking for is someone in whom they can place their trust. Someone they know is working for the greater good-for them and for the organi
4、zation. Theyre looking for someone not only that they can-but that they want to-follow.DBecause it is only when you have followers-people who have placed their trust in you-that you know you have moved into that leadership role. And the way you see it is that your organization is transcending all pr
5、evious quality, productivity, innovation and revenue achievements. Youre operating at such a high level of efficiency that youre giving budget back to the corporation-and youre still beating your goals.（分数：7.00）(1).The authors attitude towards the difference between a manager and a leader.（分数：1.00）填
6、空项 1:_(2).Someone the group want to follow.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Difference between a manager and a leader.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The qualifications of being a leader.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The leader must be a person who works for the employees and the organization.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Only when you have fo
7、llowers can you be a leader.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Under your leading, the organization has got great achievements.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、PART TWO(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Strong playersVideo games let you escape into an alternative reality - something gaming firms know about at first hand. For as other technology fir
8、ms face stagnant or shrinking markets, the video-games industry seems to inhabit a parallel universe. It has had a bumper year, maybe the best it ever will. Global sales of games software and hardware will exceed $31 billion this year. This summer, UBS Warburg invested 17% of its model technology po
9、rtfolio in two games publishers, Electronic Arts and Activision. Gaming, it seems, is recession-proof.The industry is booming because it has its own cycle, as one generation of hardware succeeds another every few years. (8) Games consoles are flying off the shelves. The current line-up is of Sonys P
10、layStation2, the market leader by far, plus Microsofts Xbox and Nintendos GameCube, which are fighting for a distant second place.Each gaming boom is bigger than the last. Children who have grown up with games keep on playing, which expands the market. It also increases the players average age: the
11、average American gamer is 28. (9) This shift is reflected in the rise of “mature“-rated games, which now account for 13% of the American market, up from 6% in 2001.(10) Many observers are optimistic about the prospects for games sales next year, particularly in America. But the figures suggest that
12、2002 was the peak of the cycle, and that the market will shrink next year. Other observers expect console sales to grow only slightly next year.Things will then cool off until the next generation of consoles appears in 2005. The next peak is not expected until 2007. (11) Both are dwarfed by console
13、gaming at the moment, but are the focus of much activity, and could provide recurring revenues to help smooth out the industrys cyclical nature.Online gaming has got off to a small but promising start in recent weeks with the release of adaptors that link consoles over the Internet. In America, Micr
14、osoft sold 150,000 starter kits for its “Xbox Live“ service within a week of its launch last month. Sony says it has signed up 175,000 subscribers to its rival online service, launched in August. Both services will launch in Europe next year.Gaming on mobile phones is also taking small but crucial s
15、teps forward. Todays phones mostly have one or two simple games built in. The latest handsets have colour screens and can download software remotely. (12) Games take roughly a minute to download, but adding one to a handset is almost as easy as downloading a new ringing tone or screen logo. It is pr
16、edicted that mobile-gaming revenues will reach $3.5 billion in the next five years; other estimates are higher.A Older players tend to have more disposable income to spend on games than do teenagers.B Their processing power matches that of the arcade-game machines of the 1980s, so classic games run
17、well.C But how much longer will the good times last?D That cycle, unrelated to the broader economic cycle, is now at or near its peak.E But the industry has two new tricks up its sleeve, in the form of online and mobile gaming.F They are so wisely designed that they can be connected to any game mach
18、ines.G It has had a bumper year, maybe the best it ever will.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、PART THREE(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Reasons for International TradeForeign trade, the exchange of goods between nations, takes place for many reasons. Every nation wants the opportunity to export its good
19、s and services to other countries. A foreign outlet for sales enables a manufacturer or distributor to increase the volume of his business activity, thus increasing his chance to make a profit and increasing employment opportunities. Every nation also wants the opportunity and privilege of buying fr
20、om foreign countries products and services that are scarce or unavailable at home that would be useful and beneficial to its people.Trading with other countries is not the same as trading within ones own country. At home a company or a bank is familiar with its own people, laws, and business practic
21、es. At abroad the picture becomes a complex one. Each country is different and therefore is said to carry different risks. Political risks, for example, relate to such varied factors as treaties, war, import quotas, and foreign exchange restrictions.In todays complex economic world, neither individu
22、als nor nations are self-sufficient. Nations have utilised different economic resources. People have developed different skills. This is the foundation of world trade and economic activity. So countries that do not have the resources within their own boundaries must buy from countries that export th
23、em.Foreign trade also occurs because a country often does not have enough of a particular item to meet its needs. As far as the United States is concerned, it enjoys the most favourable position and has vast coal and oil reserves, but the United States is also a heavy consumer of nature resources, a
24、nd it is increasingly reliant on certain imports, especially on oil. It consumes more than it can produce at home.If one nation can sell some items at a lower cost, the other countries would buy them. Japan. a highly industrialised nation, has been able to export large quantities of automobiles beca
25、use it can produce them efficiently than other countries. It is cheaper for some Western countries to buy these from Japan than to produce them domestically. Japan should produce and export those items from which it gets a comparative advantage. It should also buy and import what it needs from those
26、 countries that have a comparative advantage in the desired items.At last, innovation or style or quality plays the most important role in the foreign trade. For example, the United States produces more automobiles than any other countries; it still imports large quantities of autos from Japan, prim
27、arily because there is a market for them in the United States. In conclusion, developing international trade is a countrys long-term strategy. For most nations, exports and imports are the most important international activity. With this activity, nations can develop their economy.（分数：6.00）(1).If a
28、country can sell its products abroad, it meansAit can earn more money by expanding its production.Bthe employment rate of the country will decrease.Cthe country has to find an outlet for going abroad.Dit can buy from foreign countries products and services that are scarce or unavailable at home.（分数：
29、1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why does the picture abroad become a complex one according to the author?ABecause each country is differentBBecause foreign countries laws, people and business practices are different from those of ones own country, and if businessmen from home do not know them, they will meet a lot
30、 of troubleCBecause businessmen from home do not understand foreign countries people, laws and business practicesDBecause people in foreign countries do not understand the picture due to different culture background（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What does the sentence “In todays complex economic world, neithe
31、r individual nor nations are self-sufficient“ mean?AIt means that todays world is a complex one, so all people and nations are able to provide all they want. BIt means that in todays complex economic world, people have developed different skills so all natioas and individuals need each other.CIt mea
32、ns that nations have utilised its own resources.DIt means countries that are lack of resources at home must buy from countries that export them.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the fourth paragraph, foreign trade occurs becauseAsome people prefer foreign products to ones produced in their own count
33、ry.Ba country does not possess certain resources in its own territories.Ca country hopes to consume other countries resources first but preserve its own resources.Da country does not have sufficient resources to meet its needs.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the fifth paragraph, what does “compara
34、tive advantage“ mean?AIt means that some countries have more favourable conditions for economic development than other countries.BIt means that some countries can produce certain products at lower cost than other countries, thus it would be cheaper for other countries to import those products instea
35、d of manufacturing them by themselves.CIt means that those countries which do not have favourable conditions for trading would better stop exporting and importing all they need.DIt means that some countries can provide goods with better quality than other countries.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).According to
36、the last paragraph, which of the following is NOT true?ANations can not develop their economy without foreign trade.BFor most countries, foreign trade is an important international activity.CIt is a long-term strategy for a country to develop international trade.DThe United States never imports auto
37、mobiles because it produces more autos than any other countries.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、PART FOUR(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Robots at WorkThe newspaper production process has come a long way from the old days when the paper was written, edited, typeset and ultimately printed in one building with the journalists wor
38、king on the upper floors and the printing (19) going on the ground floor. These days the editors, sub-editors and journalists who put the paper together are (20) to find themselves in a totally different building or maybe even in a different city. This is the (21) which now prevails in Sydney. The d
39、aily paper is complied at the editorial headquarters, known as the pre-press centre, in the heart of the city but printed far away in the suburbs at the printing centre. Her human beings are in the (22) as much of the work is done by automated machines controlled by computers.(23) the finished newsp
40、aper has been created for the next mornings edition, all the pages are (24) electronically from pre-press centre to the printing centre. The system of transmission is an update on the sophisticated page facsimile system already in use on many (25) newspapers. An image-setter at the printing centre d
41、elivers the pages as films. Each page (26) less than one minute to produce, although for color pages four versions are used, one each for black, cyan, magenta and yellow. The pages are then processed into photographic negatives and the film is used to produce aluminum printing plates (27) for the pr
42、esses.A procession of automated vehicles is busy at the new printing centre where the Sydney morning Herald is printed each day. With (28) flashing and warning horns honking, the robots look for all the world like enthusiastic machines from a science-fiction movie, as they follow their random paths
43、around the (29) busily getting on with their jobs. Automation of this kind is now (30) in all modern newspaper plants. The robots can (31) unauthorized personnel and alert (32) staff immediately if they find an intruder and not surprisingly, tall tales are already being told about the machines start
44、ing to take on (33) of their own.（分数：15.00）(1).A. presses B. sessions C. plans D. schedules（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. sorry B. likely C. forced D. expectant（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. mood B. sample C. situation D. environment（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. vast B. plenty C. minority D. body（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A.
45、 Once B. Before C. While D. Until（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A. played B. powered C. brought D. transmitted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A. other B. another C. one D. every（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(8).A. asks B. puts C. manages D. takes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(9).A. dealing B. asking C. attractive D. ready（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10).A.
46、 tables B. cards C. lights D. words（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(11).A. ceremony B. plant C. space D. office（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(12).A. disappearing B. refused C. seldom D. standard（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(13).A. detect B. sense C. write D. do（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(14).A. recruiting B. security C. company D. their（分数：1.00）A.B
47、.C.D.(15).A. families B. personalities C. functions D. movements（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、PART FIVE(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Know the needs of your audience. Put what you have to say in alogical sequence. Ensure your speech will be captivating up to34your audience as well as worth their time and attention. Practice3
48、5and rehearse of your speech at home or where you can be at ease35and comfortable, in the front of a mirror, your family, friends or37your colleagues. Use a tape-recorder and listen to yourself. Videotape38your presentation and analyze on it. Know what your strong and39weak points are. Emphasize you
49、r strong points during your presentation.40When you are presenting it in front of an audience, you are performing41as an actor is on stage. How much you are being perceived is very42important. Dress appropriately for the occasion. Be solemn if your43topic is serious. Present the desired image to your audience. Speak44slowly, e
