1、剑桥商务英语中级-76 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、READING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、PART ONE(总题数：1，分数：7.00)AWhat is to happen about transport? Evidently there are huge and important changes in prospect. A decade or so from now, there will have been yet another transformation in the way in which people and their goods
2、are moved from place to place. Old techniques are being faced with attenuation or even extinction, sometimes because better methods of traveling have come along but sometimes simply because the old methods have become intolerable.BThe development of recent decades most obviously likely to be continu
3、ed is the tendency for alternative methods of traveling to coexist, and so to offer potential travelers a choice. Within large cities, underground transport is usually an alternative to several ways of traveling on the surface. Roads, railways and airlines are in competition, and there are still peo
4、ple who cross the North Atlantic by sea. (Most freight goes that way, of course.)COil tankers could decisively affect the pattern of petroleum distribution from the major oilfields and at the same time encourage the pipeline, which offers the simplest and often the cheapest means of bulk transport.
5、Then, there is the Boeing 747 aircraft, which is likely to do for people what the huge tankers will do for petroleum trunk be increasingly troublesome. All these changes, promised or merely possible in the pattern of transport, have in common what is, in the broadest sense, and economic stimulus.DFa
6、st transport between cities separated by a few hundred miles is becoming urgently necessary in densely populated areas. The United States Government is financing a number of exploratory investigations bearing on specific problems linking the major cities on the Atlantic seaboard. However, it remains
7、 to be seen whether the result will really beyond schemes for patching up the existing railway network to some of the more ambitious schemes which are sometimes heard of-monorails, pneumatic tubes with trains inside, and deep bored tunnels intended to enable trains to oscillate from one city to anot
8、her with no expenditure of energy except for overcoming friction and air resistance.（分数：7.00）(1).Several means of travel will be present together, in which each can replace the others.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The coming ten years will see likely changes in transport.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Basically transpor
9、tation plans for the future are made in the light of economic considerations.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).One of the reasons that old transport method will disappear is that we can not bear it.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Improvements in the speed of transport between cities are needing immediate attention.（分数：1.00）填
10、空项 1:_(6).Future communities should be planned with transportation efficiency as a major consideration.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Railways and airlines want to win passengers from each other.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、PART TWO(总题数：1，分数：5.00)ARMANI STYLE COMES TO SHANGHAIItalian designer Giorgio Armani opened a flag
11、ship store on Saturday on Shanghais famed Bund, joining a wave of foreign designers targeting Chinas new rich.The opening of a 1,100 square-meter group of specialty shops drew curious stares from elderly men taking their morning stroll down the row of early 20th century buildings. They peered throug
12、h the windows at sandals and handbags costing far more than most Shanghainese earn in a month. The Italian designer plans to open as many as 30 stores on the Chinese mainland by 2008. “This is the long-term vision for the brand in China,“ said Armani. “I know Shanghai is changing very quickly. There
13、s an enormous feeling of contrast between old and new. Everyone is talking about Shanghai these days.“(8) They include Italian designer Salvatore Ferragano and French designer Louis Vuitton. British sports car maker Jaguar used Shanghai as the site for revealing its new XJ model. Luxury brands Maser
14、ati and Bentley also have showrooms. Armani wouldnt give any forecast of sale from Three on the Bund, in a 1916 building facing the Huangpu River. It also features an Evian Spa, a barbershop with individual boxes outfitted with CD and DVD players, an art gallery and a restaurant set up by Celebrity
15、French chef Jean-Georges Vongerichten. “We invest here not expecting to make real returns immediately,“ said Robert Triefus, an Armani spokesman. “Were absolutely convinced that this is a good time to get into this market.“Armani already has a small presence on Chinas mainland with a boutique in the
16、 basement of Beijings Palace Hotel and another in the southern business center of Shenzhen, which borders Hong Kong. (9) It said it was considering the mainland as a location for its chain of Armani Hotels, now on the drawing board. The company said its sales on the mainland rose 17 percent last yea
17、r, though it didnt give dollar figures. “Were seeing lots of mainlanders coming over to Hong Kong, but we have an equally strong, growing customer base on the mainland,“ Triefus said. Armani plans to open two more boutiques in Shanghai later this year. At the boutique on the Bung a slender black sil
18、k blouse will set buyers back the equivalent of US 1, 150 more than the average Chinese earns in a year. A pair of slim sandals is US 424, while other prices range up to about US 2,400. The lowest-priced item spotted: a salmon pink T-shirt for US 120.(10) Luxury brands such as Armani-and even Haagen
19、-Dazs, which charges US 3 for single-scoop of ice cream-focus on the richest level of Chinese consumers who are not afraid to spend. (11) “The number is not big, but its a sharp increase.“ A lot more Chinese could not afford the brand-name items, so instead they buy brand-name accessories, like purs
20、es, ties and shoes. The latest information from the luxury goods industry has shown that brand-name makers will be more aggressive this year. (12) And Cartier will expand its number of outlets from 3 to 15 in three years. Jacques Franck Dossin, analyst with the US-based Goldman Sachs, said that Chin
21、as luxury market will develop at the highest speed in the coming 10 years and take second place in the world, with the largest customer group.A Another strong trend is the return to traditional lingerie fabrics such as satin and washable silks.B Economist Yue Zheng from the accounting firm Price Wat
22、erhouse Coopers, believes that Shanghais market for luxury items has over 100, 000 stable customers.C Haagen-Dazs will open at least another 10 stores on the mainland, Louis Vuitton 2 to 3.D They peered through the windows at sandals and handbags costing far more than most Shanghainese earn in a mon
23、th.E Shanghai already is home to an army of foreign designer boutiques targeting the new rich.F The company opened its first outlet on Chinese territory in 2002 with a megastore in Hong Kong.G Shanghai is the richest city on the mainland and is seeing a lot of people taking to the high-spending life
24、style.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、PART THREE(总题数：1，分数：6.00)FAMILY BUSINESSESMany people at some stage in their lives consider setting up a business with their partner or other members of their family. The idea may seem very appealing, but the reality of working with someone close t
25、o you can often create unforeseen problems. 80% of family-run businesses think that when times get tough, love, romance or family bonds will see them through. But the fact is that although 70% of businesses are family-run, only 40% of these companies survive into the second generation.Why do so many
26、 family businesses fail? While money has traditionally been thought of as the root of all difficulties, the major problem is much more basic. In businesses which dont have family tie or relationships, people find it easier to communicate and to say what is on their mind. In contrast, with family bus
27、inesses, people often make the mistake of thinking they know what views other family members have without actually discussing with them. There is one strategy which should be employed in all family businesses to protect future problems. As time goes by, one partner may lose interest or not work as e
28、ffectively as they are expected to. If each partners responsibilities are identified from the start so that they know exactly what is required of them, difficulties are less likely to arise as the business develops. It is also recommended to ask yourselves a few “what if“ questions before starting a
29、 family business. For example, what if one Of the partners brought a friend into the business and the others didnt like this person? What would you all do? To avoid this kind of situation, you should talk it over amongst yourselves. This sort of research can make you aware of both your own attitudes
30、 and the attitudes of the other members of the family before problems actually occur.Contracts are another potential problem area. Too many family businesses are run on the most informal terms. People often think it an insult to ask a relative to sign a contract outlining the terms of a business ven
31、ture. But you should treat the family business like any other business and get a professional to draw up a contract. Whether the business is profitable or not, it is supposed that the shares and who owns them must be clearly defined and written into a formal agreement. It must also be clear who is r
32、unning the company. Some family businesses take a vote on every decision. Perhaps this exercise in democracy should be applauded, but it created so many complications that in the end the business failed. Even a small committee can sometimes be too large. In matters affecting the entire company, only
33、 one of you should be the decision maker. He or she doesnt have to be the largest shareholder, but should be the one best able to lead the business.Another type of problems arises when a relative decides to join an already established business. In these cases, you should do everything you can to avo
34、id favouritism. It is important to avoid putting him straight into any kind of managerial position. Instead, encourage him to learn not only the company but the people who make it work by working on the shop floor on the assembly line. They have to prove to be a valuable asset not to the family but
35、to the business.（分数：6.00）(1).Why many people find it attractive to start a family business?（分数：1.00）A.Because there would be abundant capital for operation.B.Because family bonds are helpful in overcoming difficulties.C.Because they hope to survive for generations.D.Because they can make profits wit
36、hout unforeseen problems.(2).According to the passage, why so many family-run businesses fail to survive?（分数：1.00）A.Because they are frequently facing financial problems.B.Because the family members in these companies do not trust each other.C.Because there are often communicative problems within fa
37、mily members.D.Because they do not focus on family ties.(3).Which of the following can help avoid future problems in family businesses?（分数：1.00）A.Dont bring friends into your business.B.Clarify each family members responsibilities.C.Ask your friends what you should do during tough times.D.Persuade o
38、thers to like the person you introduc(4).Why do people seldom sign contracts with relatives?（分数：1.00）A.They wholly trust each other.B.Because they prefer casual relationship.C.There are potential dangers with contracts.D.It is believed to hurt the feeling of relatives.(5).Why a democracy on every de
39、cision may also cause problems?（分数：1.00）A.It creates few opportunities for employees.B.It is controlled within the family.C.Small committees have to be set up.D.Sometimes there are too many people involved in decision makin(6).What should be done when a relative decides to join?（分数：1.00）A.Try not to
40、 be partial.B.Help him to gain popularity among employees.C.Never promote him to a higher position.D.Encourage him to find proof for his knowledg五、PART FOUR(总题数：1，分数：15.00)MarketingMergers agencies find out whether there is a demand for a product and what sort of demand it is. They will want to know
41、 if there are competitors to the product they are going to place; who will use it-men, women, or both; will there be only one section of men or women who will use it, would a low price (19) more customers, or would they need to add something to it to make it popular, or change its packaging (20) it?
42、 For the (21) to these and other questions they will make a survey-an examination-of the market. The survey most people are (22) with is the questionnaire; where a (23) -a specially selected group of people-are asked questions about products they use: and why they buy them. But market research techn
43、iques can be more complicated than this, (24) for example, a group of people discussing a subject, say, (25) hygiene, to find out if a new toothpaste will sell. Tests may be made by giving away (26) samples of the new product, or reactions to a brand name-the name of a product-may be studied to find
44、 out whether a new product will be (27) on the market. From the information (28) , the marketing companies can prepare their advertising campaign-the (29) plan.There are two types of advertising-product and brand advertising. Product advertising tells people that a new invention or device is being s
45、old. Perhaps a new design of typewriters with special (30) or a new pen that is easier to use. Brand advertising tells people there is a new name on the (31) . A product, what it does, and how it is made, could be the same as (32) , for example, soap powder, but its name is different. In the UK ther
46、e are basically (33) two detergent, or soap companies which produce hundreds of brand names for powders that are really the same product.（分数：15.00）A.attractB.caterC.frightenD.applyA.reproduceB.repeatC.redesignD.reuseA.dateB.answersC.informationD.messageA.generalB.connectedC.awareD.familiarA.sampleB.
47、crowdC.modelD.volunteerA.relatingB.showingC.involvingD.makingA.groupB.familyC.householdD.personalA.expensiveB.severalC.freeD.preferredA.achievableB.successfulC.adaptableD.fruitfulA.takenB.acceptedC.gatheredD.requiredA.promotionB.increaseC.improvementD.sellingA.functionsB.usagesC.waysD.rulesA.fieldB.
48、counterC.marketD.fairA.otherB.anotherC.eitherD.bothA.aboutB.mainlyC.almostD.only六、PART FIVE(总题数：1，分数：12.00)The Federal Reserve SystemCorrect Commonly known as the Federal Reserve Bank or the “Fed“, this is the centralWhich bank of the United States which founded in 1913, it determines the Reserve34
49、Requirement within limits set out by the US Congress. The function of the Fed is35 economic stabilization operate through the management of the national money36 supply. The Federal Reserve System comprises with a board of governors with37 seven members both stationed in Washington D. C. The responsibilities of the38 Fed system are carried out through 12 Regi
