1、剑桥商务英语高级-119 及答案解析(总分：96.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、READING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、PART ONE(总题数：1，分数：8.00) A Hire With Your Head Lou Adler，president of the Power Hiring consulting and training company，provides a systematic approach for finding，interviewing and hiring the best candidate for a jobHe emphasizes making a
2、n objective assessment and，to this end，he provides techniques for overcoming first impressionsThe book includes charts and checklists that highlight important pointsThis well-organ-lzed guide to effective hiring is hig hly recommended to company owners，human resource per-sonnel and managers involved
3、 in the hiring processAlert job seekers may also find it useful to learn what a good interview will demand BHiring the Best Any manager with hiring authority knows that selecting therightcandidate for any position is a nervewracking taskAuthor Martin YateS basic book can help inexperienced managers
4、hire effectively，although this useful primer on interviewing and hiring is a little wordyYates provides great detail about key steps，such as when to schedule a phone interview，what to ask and how to conduct an interviewHe even provides numerous sample questions for each major job category，from entry
5、 level to management CAsk the Right Questions，Hire the Best People This book boasts of a list of questions designed to make your interviews effective in weeding out the pretenders and uncovering that dream hireThe books real value is in its list of interview questions，with accompanying comments on w
6、hat answers you should be looking forIt seems impossible that you could read this book and not stumble over one question that makes you smile and tuck it away to spring later on some unsuspecting intervieweeThis book will prove useful for human resource professionals or any manager charged with hiri
7、ng DHiring and Keeping the Best People This book covers a huge amount of valuable information about hiring and retaining a great workforceIf more companies followed its fivestep hiring process，not only would talented employees face greater competition for their services，companies would get better st
8、affers and the fit of workers to their jobs would improveThe book demonstrates an awareness of the realities of diversity in the modern workplace and the expectations employees have about worklife balance. This handy guide is clear and concise，and is highly recommended to anyone involved in the hiri
9、ng and retention process EHow to Hire a Champion David Snyder，a business consultant with a psychology graduate degree from Harvard，believes that managers must be able to evaluate applicantspersonality traits to hire the right peopleHis assertions are hard to disputeHis book is Ioaded with good advic
10、e，although the writing can get choppy and repetitiveStill，it is strongly believed Snyder provides solid，practical and useful informationWhen you think how hard it is to live withor discard-an incorrect hire，youll want to be sure you take on the right people（分数：8.00）(1).The author of the book is a gr
11、aduate from a famous university（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The book can also be helpful for job applicants（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).People newly involved in recruitment may find this book particularly useful（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).You may make use of the questions in the book to eliminate candidates who are not serio
12、us（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Companies would benefit a lot by acting on the advice given in the book（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Interview questions for various jobs and posts are offered in the book（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The book is very informative，for it deals with questions more than hiring（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).A go
13、od judgement of candidatespersonality is important in recruiting（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、PART TWO(总题数：1，分数：6.00)On the brink The New York Times was once the best example of all that was great about American newspapersNow it symbolizes the difficult situation the whole industry is fecde with.The Grey Ladys
14、circulation is tumbling down another 3.9%according to the latest data from Americas Audit Bureau of Circulations (ABC) (9) . Pick almost any American newspaper company and you can tell a similar storyThe ABC reported that for the 530 biggest daily newspapers，average circulation in the past six month
15、s was 3.6%lower than in the same period a year earlierAs for Sunday papersit was 4.6%lowerAd revenues are plunging across the board：by 22.3%at Media General，for exampleIn 2007 total newspaper revenues fell to$42.2 billion (10) . Much of this decline is being blamed on the rise of the internet，which
16、offers free，round-the-clock coverageWhats more，Internet has provided a new，better home for classified advertising，which was once the source of most newspapersrevenue (11) The number one cause is the troublesome housing market，which contributes a large slice of classified advedising Industry experts
17、such as Lucas Rich Fine of Kent State University do not think that the Times is responding forcefully enough (12) Mr.Fine also points out that although all newspapers are being affected by the internet，their ability to respond will probably depend on whether their audiences are national，metropolitan
18、 or localThe first category can afford to invest in distinctive international or business coverage，while the last can prosper by becomingmore intensely localBut he fears that the big metropolitan newspapers may find themselves trapped in the middle Not all is lost，however (13) For instance，a number
19、of newspapers are becominginformation and connection utilities，through such offerings as local internet forumsThe Pocono Record has renamed reporterscontent managers，since they oversee all the coverage of their beat，both in print and online，and get a bonus for higher web traffic The hero for industr
20、y optimists is Brian Tierney，a former publicrelations executiveLast year，he led a group of investors that borrowed heavily to buy Philadelphias two main dailies (14) He is also finding new ways to drum up advertising，such as introducing a business column sponsored by a local bank ACertainly，it was n
21、ot something to be sniffed at，but much less than the peak of$48.7 billion in 2000 BHowever，some of the fall in revenues is actual-ly due to the economic slowdown in America CIts advertising revenues are down，too，12.5% lower in March than a year earlier DHe has since revived them with a vigorous mark
22、eting drive ENevertheless，as a major newspaper，it still boasts a welleducated readership FPlenty of innovation is taking place，particularly at local papem GNow is the time to beef up its business section，he says HNow it symbolizes the difficult situation the whole industry is faced wit（分数：6.00）填空项 1
23、:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、PART THREE(总题数：1，分数：6.00)How to get to the topMarketing used to be the route to the chief executives chair，but the world has changedNow，says Monika Hamoriprofessor of human resources at Instituto de Empresa in Madrid，it is finance chiefs who are most likely to
24、get the top job，though experience in opera-tions-running parts of the companyis also essentialCFO Magazine found in 2005 that onefifth of chief ex-ecutives in America were former chief financiaI officers，almost double the share of a decade earlierThe importance of quarterly financial reporting，and c
25、loser scrutiny since the imposition of the Sarbanesoxley corporategovernance act，have put CFOs in the limelightand given them the chance to shine Another factor in reaching the top is whether you stay with the company you joined as a youngsterMsHamoris research looked at companies in the S&P 500 and
26、 the FTSEurofirst 300She finds thatlifersget to the top in 22 years in America and 24 years in Europe：Hopperswho jump between four or more companies，by contrast，take at least 26 years on average to become chief executivesInsiders get promotions that reflect their potential，because their bosses have
27、enough information to be reasonably confident about their abilityWhen executives switch from one company to another，however，they tend to move less far up the hierarchy，the researchers found The time taken to reach the top is fallingThe average time from first job to chief executive fell from 28 year
28、s in 1980 to 24 in 2001Successful executives are spending less time than they used to in each intermediate joban average of four yearsand they fill five posts on the way updown from sixOne reason for this acceleration is that company hierarchies are flatter than they used to beAnother important shif
29、t is the advent of female chief executives 1n 2001 women accounted for 11%of bosses at leading American companiesac-cording to the Hamori/Cappelli survey；in the early 1980s there were none America is usually regarded as the home of raw capitalismwith youthful managers hopping from firm to firm and p
30、ushing their way to the topBut the HamorL/Cappelli study and another by Booz & Company，a consultancy，show that Europe is a more dynamic and harsher environ-menl than America or Japan for chief executivesFor a start，European chief executives are younger，with an average age of 54compared with over 56
31、in AmericaThe Hamor/Cappelli study shows that 26%of American bos-ses were lifers，compared with only 18%in Europe The Europeans also have a harder time once they get to the top.Booz Companys annual survey of chiefexecutive succession shows that 17.6%of European bosses moved on last yearcompared with
32、15%of Americans and 10%of JapaneseChief executivesthe survey found，last longer in America：the average tenure over the past decade was just over nine yearsBut in Europe the average tenure over the same period was less than seven years Moreovera whopping 37%of changes at the top in Europe were more or
33、 less firings，according to Booz，compared with only 27%in America and 12%in JapanBooz puts this down to the more recent tightening of corporate governance in Europe,Another Booz finding is common to both sides of the Atlantic：looking back over recent years，board disputes and power struggles lie behin
34、d a third of chiefexecutive firingsIn short，shareholder activism is making its presence felt，putting pressure on bosses to perform（分数：6.00）(1).What is true according to the first paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.CFOshard work leads to their increasing chances of promotionB.CFOs usually have no experience in man
35、agementC.Marketing directors no longer have the chance to get a top positionD.Chief executives used to be promoted mainly from the marketing department(2).If you are alifer（分数：1.00）A.you take less time to make it to the topB.you have a long list of previous jobsC.you tend to move less far up in the
36、companyD.you keep changing your job all your life(3).What is true according to the third paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.Chief executives spend less time on their jobs than beforeB.Career progression is faster than it used to beC.Company hierarchies are barriers to career developmentD.There will be more female
37、 executives than male executives in the future(4).Compared to America，（分数：1.00）A.there is more competition for chief executives in EuropeB.lifers in Europe have more chances to get to the topC.it takes lifers in Europe less time to get to the topD.executives in Europe hop less frequently from job to
38、 job(5).What is true about European chief executives?（分数：1.00）A.They are dynamic and harsh in managementB.They will be hard on others once they get to the topC.They have less job security than their American counterpartsD.They work longer than their American counterparts(6).According to the last par
39、agraph，（分数：1.00）A.employees are more likely to be fired as they get higher in positionB.executives in Japan are more likely to get fired than those in AmericaC.corporate governance in America and Japan is too looseD.shareholders in both America and Europe put great pressure on the management五、PART F
40、OUR(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Coworker relations：defuse tension with tactIts Monday morning，and you havent even had your coffee yet But that hasnt stopped a colleague fromtelling you all about his adventurous weekend。In fact，youve heard several stories in extreme detail，and he shows no (21) of stoppingYou just
41、 want to get to work，but how do you say so without (22) the other persons feelings?This situation，like many others，requires tact and diplomacyWhen you work in close quarters，issues like this one are bound to (23) from time to time. Thankfully，speaking with a coworker about an awkward issue doesnt ha
42、ve to induce panicHeres how to (24) the situation： First， (25) the circumstancesBefore saying anything to your colleague，weigh the pros and cons of speaking upSecond，explain the impactIf a (26) conversation is necessary，dont confront the person in a group settingVoicing your frustration in front of
43、others could (27) your colleagueInsteadexplain your concern when youre alone with your coworker and let the person know how the situation (28) youLast，reach an agreementDont end the conversation without coming to some sort of resolutionSolving the issue may require a (29) .For example，If you find yo
44、ur coworkers music loud and annoyinghe may agree to use headphones during the mornings and afternoons if you dont mind that he uses his speakers later in the day，when things have (30) down Remember that every situation is different and that some conversations with a coworker will be awkward regardle
45、ss of your approachBut by being honest and respectful with colleagues，youll solve issues before they fester and ensure your work relationships remain healthy（分数：10.00）A.signalsB.cluesC.signsD.marksA.hurtingB.harmingC.woundingD.injuringA.raiseB.ariseC.riseD.arouseA.advanceB.appraiseC.advocateD.approa
46、chA.evaluateB.compareC.introduceD.explainA.formalB.politeC.directD.privateA.embarrassB.disappointC.embraceD.discourageA.impactsB.disappointsC.infuriatesD.distractsA.competitionB.comparisonC.companionD.compromiseA.brokenB.slowedC.turnedD.come六、PART FIVE(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Younger people are more likely t
47、o talk about their money issues than their elder counterparts，it has been revealedSaga Personal Finance has found that 14 percent of over-50s are happy to talk about their finances ln (31) ，compared to 21 percent of under.50sPeople (32) claimed they are unwilling to discuss money openly said they be
48、lieve those matters should stay private(50 percent)and a tenth explained it was (33) they were embarrassed about their financial situationAround half of the under-50s said they were happy to (34) money with their friends，whereas this fell to 30 percent among the older groupIt was also revealed that 71 percent of Brits in a relationship have a separate current (35) ，explaining that they want to keep their money apart as the main (36) Near
