1、职称英语理工类 A、B、C 级综合试卷-3 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Native Chinese artwork has been enthusiastically collected and studied abroad recently.（分数：1.00）A.eagerlyB.individuallyC.thoroughlyD.positively2.When the city was burned in 1814, he rescued many official papers from
2、the town hall.（分数：1.00）A.stoleB.filedC.hidD.saved3.She had come to terms with the fact that her husband would always be crippled.（分数：1.00）A.knewB.got so much disappointedC.learnt to acceptD.didnt get surprised to4.The dog saw his reflection in the pool of water.（分数：1.00）A.imageB.imaginationC.boneD.s
3、hadow5.After a bitter Udebate/U, the decision was made that the capital of the United States be situated on the banks of the Potomac River.（分数：1.00）A.warB.electionC.argumentD.competition6.Although he was slight in stature, he was strong and respected by all who know him.（分数：1.00）A.positionB.sizeC.de
4、fectsD.manners7.The planned general strike represents a vital economic challenge to the government.（分数：1.00）A.an importantB.a specificC.a quickD.a trivial8.When required by their parents to eat green vegetables, many children only do so reluctantly.（分数：1.00）A.intimatelyB.impatientlyC.unwillinglyD.un
5、knowingly9.All her doubts vanished after she saw the jewel in the drawer.（分数：1.00）A.brokeB.disappearedC.decreasedD.originated10.The loss of her cat was the greatest grief the child had known.（分数：1.00）A.trialB.tragedyC.misconductD.sorrow11.The manner in which young children are spoken to varies depen
6、ding on who is present.（分数：1.00）A.habitB.wayC.customD.behavior12.It is normal for a teacher to get angry with the student who repeats the same mistake.（分数：1.00）A.uselessB.rareC.senselessD.usual13.Many cinemagoers were stunned by the films violent and tragic end.（分数：1.00）A.angryB.indifferentC.disappo
7、intedD.shocked14.It would have been virtually impossible to collect all the information needed.（分数：1.00）A.unfortunatelyB.practicallyC.statisticallyD.surprisingly15.The quality and number of a citys public roads offer an excellent means of gauging its prosperity.（分数：1.00）A.protectingB.creatingC.judgi
8、ngD.tracing二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。B Lifetime Employment in Japanese Companies/BIn most large Japanese companies, there is a policy of lifetime employment. What this means is that when people leave school or university to join an enterprise, they can exp
9、ect or remain with that organization until they retire. In effect, the employee gets job security for life, and can only be fired for serious mistakes in work. Even in times of business recession, he or she is free from the fear of being laid off.One result of this practice is that the Japanese work
10、er identifies closely with his company and feels strong loyalty to it. By working hard for the company, he believes he is safeguarding his own future. It is not surprising that devotion to ones company is considered a great virtue in Japan. A man is often prepared to put his firms interests before t
11、hose of his immediate family.The job security guaranteed by this system influences the way employees approach their work. They tend to think in terms of what they can achieve throughout their career. This is because they are not judged on how they are performing during a short period of time. They c
12、an afford to take a longer perspective than their western counterparts.This marriage between the employee and the company-the consequence of lifetime employment- may explain why Japanese workers seem positively to love the products their company is producing and why they are willing to stay on after
13、 work, for little overtime pay, to participate in earnest discussions about the quality control of their products.（分数：7.00）(1).Lifetime employment in the Japanese company perhaps means that the employee can make serious mistakes in work.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).Familys an
14、d companys interests are equally important in Japanese company.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).In Japan ones future is guaranteed through hard work.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).Lifetime employment influences ones career options.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wr
15、ong C.C. Not mentioned(5).The Japanese worker is fond of his companys product because of the close link between him and his company.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).The Japanese companys products are all have high quality and lower price.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not me
16、ntioned(7).The passage mainly discusses how lifetime employment is viewed.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务；(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 25 段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。B Some Knowledge in Physics/B1T
17、he sun is the source of most of heat known to us. As a direct source of heat, the sun maintains life upon this planet, 150,000,000 kilometers distant. It is also an indirect source of heat. Since the earth is derived from the sun, it is to the latter that we must trace some of the earths internal he
18、at that reveals itself through volcanoes, geysers (喷泉),and hot springs.2An insect is not afraid of gravity, but it is in deadly fear of another force of nature. This force is called surface tension (张力). A man coming out of a bath carries with him a film of water a bout one fiftieth of an inch in th
19、ickness. This weighs about a pound. A wet mouse has to carry its own weight in water. A wet fly has to lift many times its own weight, and, as everyone knows, a fly once wetted by water or any other liquid is in a very serious position indeed. An insect going for a drink is in as great danger as a m
20、an leaning over the edge of a cliff in search of food. If it once falls into the grip of the surface tension of the water-that is to say, gets wet-it is likely to remain so until it drowns. A few insects contrive to be unwettable; the majority keep away from their drink by means of long proboscis (喙
21、).3When the temperature of a liquid is raised enough, the liquid boils. This means that bubbles of vapor, containing millions of molecules form below the surface. In order for such bubbles to be produced, the pressure of the vapor inside them must be equal to the pressure of the air upon the surface
22、 of the liquid. If the air pressure is greater, the bubble will collapse. The boiling point of a liquid, then, is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure upon the liquid at the surface.4Solids also expand with increase in temperature and contrac
23、t when cooled. But they do not behave quite so uniformly (相同地) in this respect as liquids and gases do, particularly in the case of wide variations, in temperature. Most solids expand or contract by a definite amount for every degree of the temperature that rises or falls. The amount by which no sub
24、stance expands and contracts for one degree is not usually the same as that for a different substance. Thus, for a given rise in temperature, a piece of brass expands a little more than a piece of copper and much more than a piece of steel of the same size.5Electric trains have many advantages over
25、those drawn by steam engines. There is no smoke to soil the passengers clothes and the cushions in the train. Because they carry on heavy loads of coal and water, these trains can start and stop with less waste of power. In a station they are silent: theres no steam to produce noise to deafen the pa
26、ssengers.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _ A Insects and Surface Tension B Expansion and Contraction C Temperature of Boiling Point of Liquids D Principals in physics E Advantages of Electric Trains F The Solar Energy（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Para
27、graph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The planet is also an indirect source of _. A the bubble will collapse B heat C energy D the liquid boils E different from that for a different subtance F surface tension（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).An insect doesnt fear gravity, but is afraid of _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).when the ai
28、r pressure is greater, _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).The amount by which no subtance expands and contracts for one degree is _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案。B第一篇/BB Language Learning/BIt is, everyone agrees, a huge t
29、ask that the child performs when he learns to speak, and the fact that he does so in so short a period of time challenges explanation.Language learning begins with listening. Individual children vary greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and late starters are often l
30、ong listeners. Most children will “obey“ spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word obey is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by mak
31、ing questioning noises.Any attempt to trace the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indicative of
32、 delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But since these cannot be said to show the babys intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to
33、add new sounds to their repertoire (能发出的全部声音). This self-imitation leads on to deliberate (有意识的) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.（分数：15.00）(1).By “. challe
34、nges explanation“ (Line 2, Para. 1)the author means that _.（分数：3.00）A.no explanation is necessary for such an obvious phenomenonB.no explanation has been made up to nowC.its no easy job to provide an adequate explanationD.its high time that an explanation was provided(2).The third paragraph is mainl
35、y about _.（分数：3.00）A.the development of babies early forms of languageB.the difficulties of babies in learning to speakC.babies strong desire to communicateD.babies intention to communicate(3).The authors purpose in writing the second paragraph is to show that children_.（分数：3.00）A.usually obey witho
36、ut asking questionsB.are passive in the process of learning to speakC.are born cooperativeD.learn to speak by listening(4).From the passage we learn that _.（分数：3.00）A.early starters can learn to speak within only six monthsB.children show a strong desire to communicate by making noisesC.imitation pl
37、ays an important role in learning to speakD.children have various difficulties in learning to speak(5).The best title for this passage would be_.（分数：3.00）A.How Babies Learn to SpeakB.Early Forms of LanguageC.A Huge Task for ChildrenD.Noise Making and Language LearningB第二篇/BB What is Cold?/BHow cold
38、is cold? It all depends on who is talking. To us ordinary people nothing in the world maybe so cold as failing through the ice on a frozen lade, or huddling(卷缩)on a windswept mountain hoping to be rescued in the dead of winter. Some may even think they are freezing to death when rushing under an ice
39、-cold shower just out of a warm bed. Indeed, we all know what cold means. Arctic(北极) .explorers would laugh at such ideas. Down in the Antarctic(南极), where scientists of many nations spend very dark months living on a sheet of ice two miles thick, the temperature spends most of its time at 50or60 de
40、grees Fahrenheit below zero, often with hundred-mile winds and heavy snowstorms. This is the cold that is cold, to them.Space people have still another standard. The coldest place in which a person can live and survive is some 400 degrees hotter than space itself,“. However, the coldest place in ear
41、th-colder even than space-is inside a machine called a cryostat(低温保持器). Here, scientists and engineers in thousands of laboratories and factories in many parts of the world regularly make cold that turns the South Poles worst into a pleasant summer day. They are inching toward such cold that there i
42、s no temperature at all-down a frozen valley that leads to Absolute Zero, 459.67 degrees Fahrenheit below our zero of a cold winters day.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, nothing is so cold to an ordinary person as _.（分数：3.00）A.waiting for death on top of a mountain in winterB.being trapped in
43、 a mountain swept by wind in severe winterC.taking a cold shower right out of bedD.slipping on a frozen lake(2).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：3.00）A.Arctic explorers think it is fun to live on ice for months.B.To Arctic explorers, -60 F with high winds and heavy snow is coldest.C.The
44、 Antarctic has-50 F or -60weather all the year round.D.To Antarctic explorers, -60 F with winds and heavy snow is coldest.(3).It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that space is probably _.（分数：3.00）A.about -400 FB.about -350 FC.about -450 FD.about -500 F(4).From the passage we learn that _.（分数：3.00）A.
45、it is possible that some scientists working in the Arctic also work in the AntarcticB.the South Poles coldest temperature is still very hot compared with the cold made in a cryostatC.a cryostat can be used to change a very low temperature into a pleasant summer dayD.the Arctic is covered by an unbro
46、ken sheet of ice several miles in thickness(5).“Absolute Zero“ is _.（分数：3.00）A.no temperature at allB.an ice-cold valleyC.as cold as spaceD.the lowest temperature in earth.B第三篇/BB Advice of a Writer/BMany a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also exp
47、lain that theres a big difference between “being a writer“ and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. “Youve got to want to write, I say to them, “not want to be a writer.“The reality is that writing is a lonely, private an
48、d poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20 _year career in the U. S. Coast Guard to become a freelance writer (自由撰稿者), I had no prospects at all: What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didnt even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a genuine writer.After a year or so, however, I still hadnt gotten a break and beg
