1、职称英语综合类 A级-13 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The wild animals are enclosed in small cages in the zoo.（分数：1.00）A.limitedB.boundedC.restrictD.confined2.Its prudent to take a thick coat in cold weather when you go out.（分数：1.00）A.controversialB.reasonableC.sensibleD.sensiti
2、ve3.John is collaborating with Mary in writing an article.（分数：1.00）A.cooperatingB.competingC.combiningD.arguing4.A great deal has been done to remedy the situation.（分数：1.00）A.maintainB.improveC.assessD.protect5.The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.（分数
3、：1.00）A.puzzlingB.difficultC.terrifyingD.urgent6.During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in the international situation.（分数：1.00）A.permanentB.powerfulC.strikingD.practical7.The waste pipe is blocked; try sluicing it out with hot water.（分数：1.00）A.rushingB.brushingC.crushingD.flushi
4、ng8.Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be deliberately controlled and modified.（分数：1.00）A.sufficientlyB.noticeablyC.intentionallyD.absolutely9.The substance can be added to gasoline to accelerate the speed of automobiles.（分数：1.00）A.quickenB.shortenC
5、.loosenD.enlarge10.He is determined to consolidate his power.（分数：1.00）A.strengthenB.controlC.abandonD.exercise11.All living organisms, regardless of their unique identity, have certain logical, chemical, and physical characteristics in common.（分数：1.00）A.as a result ofB.consideringC.on purposeD.whate
6、ver12.The drama depicts those conditions at the turn of the century.（分数：1.00）A.writesB.sketchesC.describesD.indicates13.The Constitutions vague nature has given it the flexibility to be adapted when circumstances change.（分数：1.00）A.impreciseB.conciseC.unpolishedD.elementary14.His strict upbringing in
7、hibited him asking such stupid questions.（分数：1.00）A.instructedB.inquiredC.forbadD.strived15.Beavers have the aptitude to build dams.（分数：1.00）A.appetiteB.desireC.competenceD.attitude二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。Marri
8、age Advertisements in IndiaEvery Sunday morning millions of Indians settle down with a cup of tea and special weekend issues of their newspapers, just as Americans do. But here, with the marriage season approaching, many of them quickly to a Sunday feature that is particularly Indian-the-columns of
9、marriage advertisements in which young people look for husbands and wives. This is relatively modern change in the age-old custom of the arranged marriage. The thousands of advertisements published each week increasingly reflect social changes that coming to this traditional society. For example, al
10、though women are still described in terms of appearance, or skill in “the wifely arts“, information about her earning power is entering more and more of the advertisements. This reflects the arrival in India of the working wife.Divorce, which used to be almost unheard of in India, is sometimes now m
11、entioned in the advertisements as in the case of a woman whose advertisement in New Delhi newspaper explained that had been “the innocent party“ when her marriage broke up.Because the custom of the dowry ( marriage payment) is now illegal, some advertisements say “no dowry“ or “simple marriage“, whi
12、ch means the same thing. However, the fathers of many bridegrooms still require it. In a land where light skin is often regarded as socially preferable, many also require that a woman have a “wheat-color“ complexion or that a man be “tall, fair and handsome“. Advertisements are placed and eagerly re
13、ad by a wide range of people in the upper classes, mostly in cities. Many of them receive dozens of answers. “Theres nothing embarrassing about it,“ explained a Calcutta businessman advertising a son-in-law. “Its just another way of broadening the contacts and increasing the possibility of doing the
14、 contacts and increasing the possibilities of doing the best one for ones daughter. “Because of high unemployment and a generally poor standard of living here, one of the best attractions a marriage advertisement can offer is a permit to live abroad, especially in Canada or the United States. A pers
15、on who has one can get what he wants. One recent Sunday in Madras, for example, a Punjabi engineer living in San Francisco advertised for a “beautiful slim bride with lovely features knowing music and dance“. And a man whose advertisement said that he held an American immigration permit was able to
16、say, only girls from rich, well-connected families need apply.（分数：7.00）(1).In Marriage advertisements in India women are only introduced in terms of appearance or their skill in being a good wife.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(2).Indias society is changing.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.C
17、Not mentioned(3).The word “dowry“ in the third paragraph means marriage payment.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(4).In India people with light skin and good feature are preferable.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(5).The word “one“ in “a person who has one can get what he wants“
18、 refers to good attraction.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(6).Advertisements are only read by a small group of people of high social status.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(7).In India there is a high divorce rate.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总
19、题数：2，分数：8.00)下面的短文后有 2项测试任务：(1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择 1个最佳标题；(2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为每个句子确定 1个最佳选项。Face Masks may not Protect from Super-flu1 If a super-flu strikes, face masks may not protect you. Whether widespread use of masks will help, or harm, during the next worldwide flu outbreak i
20、s a question that researchers are studying furiously. No results have come from their mask research yet.2 However, the government says people should consider wearing them in certain situations anyway, just in case. But its a question the public keeps asking while the government is making preparation
21、s for the next flu pandemic. So the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) came up with preliminary guidelines. “We dont want people wearing them everywhere. “ said the CDC“The overall recommendation really is to avoid exposure. “3 When thats not possible, the guidelines say to consider we
22、aring a simple surgical mask if you are in one of the three following situations. First, youre healthy and cant avoid going to a crowded place. Second, youre sick and think you may have close contract with the healthy, such as a family member checking on you. Third, you live with someone whos sick a
23、nd thus might be in the early stages of infection, but still need to go out. Influenza pandemics can strike when the easy-to- mutate flu virus shifts to a strain that people never have experienced. Scientists cannot predict when the next pandemic will arrive, although concern is rising that the Asia
24、n bird flu might trigger one if it starts spreading easily from person to person.4 During the flu pandemic, you should protect yourself. Avoid crowds, and avoid close con tract with the sick unless you must care for someone. Why cant mask added to this self-protection list? Because they help trap vi
25、rus-laden droplets flying through the air with a cough or sneeze. Simple surgical masks only filter the larger droplets. Besides, the CDC is afraid masks may create a false sense of security. Perhaps someone who should have stayed home would don an ill-fitting mask and hop on the subway instead.5 No
26、r does flu only spread through the air. Say someone covers a sneeze with his or her hand, then touches a doorknob or subway pole. If you touch that spot next and then put germy hands on your nose or mouth, youve been exposed. Its harder to rub your nose while wearing a mask and so your face may get
27、pretty sweaty under masks. You reach under to wipe that sweat, anal may transfer germs caught on the outside of the mask straight to the nose. These are the problems face masks may create for their users. Whether people should or should not use face masks still remains a question. The general public
28、 has to wait patiently for the results of the mask research scientists are still doing.AReasons for Excluding Masks from the Self-protection ListBEffort to Stop Flu SpreadingCWhen to Use Face MasksDGuidelines on Mask UseE. Warnings from the CDCF. Danger of Infection through Germy Hands and Masks（分数：
29、4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_Aoveruse face masksBdeal with the mask problem seriouslyCrub their faces and noses in the subwayDprotest against the mask guidelinesE. help protect people from
30、 being attacked by a fluF. announce the results of their mask research（分数：4.00）(1).The scientists are trying to find out if masks may or may not 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The CDC is afraid that the public may 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The public will not know the answer about masks until scientists 1.（分数：1.
31、00）填空项 1:_(4).We can infer from the passage that the US authorities 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5道题，每道题后面有 4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4个选项中选择 1个最佳答案。B第一篇/BBeautyBeauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people a
32、re happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants (被告). But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability(不利因素).While attractiveness is a posit
33、ive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman.Handsome male executives were perceived as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success.Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than u
34、nattractive ones; their success was attributed not to ability to factors such as luck.All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable titan the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attri
35、buted more to personal relationships and less to ability than was that of attractive overnight successes.Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is perceived to be more feminine and an attractive man more masculine than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman
36、 has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the “masculine“ qualities required.This is true even in politics. “When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently. “ says Anne Bowman, who
37、recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They
38、were asked to rank them again in the order they would vote for them. The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes.（分数：15.00）(1).The passage is mainly about:（分数：3.00）A.Beauty has alwa
39、ys been regarded as something praiseworthy.B.Beauty is a positive factor for woman on her way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a man.C.Why are attractive women not thought to be able?D.To women, beauty can become a disadvantage in the executive circle.(2).In traditionally female jobs, attra
40、ctiveness _.（分数：3.00）A.reinforces the feminine qualities requiredB.makes women look more honest and capableC.is of primary importance to womenD.often enables women to succeed quickly(3).Bowmans experiment reveals that when it comes to politics, attractiveness _.（分数：3.00）A.turns out to be an obstacle
41、 to menB.affects men and women alikeC.has as little effect on men as on womenD.is more of an obstacle than a benefit to women(4).It can be inferred from the passage that peoples views on beauty are often _.（分数：3.00）A.concerned with actionB.unfair and often unfavorable feeling or opinion formed witho
42、ut thinking deeplyC.old-fashionedD.having wide and important effects(5).The author writes this passage to _.（分数：3.00）A.discuss the negative aspects of being attractiveB.give advice to job seekers who are attractiveC.demand equal rights for womenD.emphasize the importance of appearanceB第二篇/BWhere Hav
43、e All the Bees Gone?Scientists who study insects have a real mystery on their hands. All across the country, honey bees are leaving their hives(蜂巢) and never returning. Researchers call this phenomenon colony-collapse(群体瘫痪) disorder. It is reposed that 25 to 40 percent of the honeybees in the US hav
44、e vanished from their hives since last fall. So far, no one can explain why.Colony collapse is a serious concern because bees play an important role in the production of about one-third of the foods we eat. As they feed, honeybees spread pollen(花粉)from flower to flower. Without this process, a plant
45、 cant produce seeds or fruits.Now, a group of scientists and beekeepers have teamed up to try to figure out whats causing the alarming collapse of so many colonies. They hope to find out whats contributing to the decline and to prevent bee disappearance in the future.It could be that disease is caus
46、ing the disappearance of the bees. To explore that possibility, Jay Evans, a researcher at the United States Department of Agriculture (SDA) Bee Research Laboratory, examines bees taken from colonies that are collapsing. “We know what a healthy bee should look like on the inside and we can look for
47、physical signs of disease. “ he says. And bees from collapsing colonies dont look very healthy. “Their stomachs are worn down compared to the stomachs of healthy bees. “ Evans says. It may be that a parasite(寄生虫) making the bees digestive organs. Their immune(免疫的)systems may not be working as they s
48、hould. Moreover, they have high levels of bacteria inside their bodies.Another cause of colony-collapse disorder may be certain chemicals that farmers apply to kill unwanted insects on crops, says Jerry Hayes, chief bee inspector for the Florida Department of Agriculture. Some studies, he says, sugg
49、est that a certain type of insecticide (杀虫剂)affects the honeybees newels system and memory. “It seems like honeybees are going out and getting confused about where to go and what to do. “ he says.If it turns out that a disease is contributing to colony collapse, bees genes could explain why some colonies have collapsed and
