1、职称英语综合类 B级-62 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.They have been living under the most Uappalling/U conditions for two years. A. dreadful B. bad C. unpleasant D. poor（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.I wasnt qualified for the job really but I got it Uanyhow/U. A. besides B. anyway C. well
2、D. anymore（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.He Uachieved/U success through hard work. A. reached B. arrived C. attained D. took（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The standards set four years ago in Seoul may be far below the athletes Ucapabilities/U now. A. capacities B. strengths C. possibilities D. abilities（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.M
3、ary Ugets up/U at the same time every morning. A. arises B. raises C. arrives D. stands up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.His claims seem Ucredible/U to many people. A. workable B. convincing C. practical D. reliable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Jack is a Udiligent/U worker. A. ambitious B. lazy C. hardworking D. clever（分数
4、1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Society is now much more Udiverse/U than ever before. A. colorful B. attractive C. flexible D. varied（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Their interpretation was Ufaulty/U. A. wrong B. ambiguous C. unclear D. unbelievable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.These old buildings are Ugorgeous/U. A. ridiculous B. lovely
5、 C. magnificent D. peculiar（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Contact your doctor if the cough Upersists/U. A. insists B. perseveres C. continues D. resists（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The powers of the European Commission to Uregulate/U competition are increasing. A. fight B. abolish C. control D. remove（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.1
6、3.They Uscattered/U after dinner. A. separated B. fled C. departed D. spread（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.From my Ustandpoint/U, you know, this thing is just ridiculous. A. position B. point of view C. knowledge D. aspect（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The story was Utouching/U. A. inspiring B. boring C. moving D. fright
7、ening（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Cosmetic SurgerySurgery that can improve the way a person looks is becoming more and more popular in the United States. This kind of surgery is called cosmetic surgery, and both men and women are turning to this treatment as a way of keeping their
8、appearance young as well as keeping competitive (有竞争力的) in their jobs. Men especially are beginning to turn to face-lifts (面部拉皮手术), liposuction (taking fat out of the body), and implants (putting artificial parts into their bodies) to help them look younger. As companies downsize (缩编) and move young
9、er employees into higher positions, older employees in their late forties and early fifties fee the need to look and act younger in order to stay competitive. These operations are not without dangers, however.One young woman had an eye operation to get rid of the bags under her eyes. She described h
10、er experience as terrible. She said, “When he started cutting, I was fully awake. Even though hed given me an injection near my eyes, I saw everything.“ She went on to explain, “I knew I had to keep still because of what he was doing. He was scraping (刮) away fat underneath my eyes. It took about te
11、n minutes. After he finished, I felt I couldnt walk. I was so faint.“ Her troubles did not end after the operation for two weeks. Her eyes were swollen (肿胀的) and almost completely closed, and even dark glasses could not hide the side effects of the operation.Liposuction, taking fat out of the body,
12、is probably the most popular cosmetic operation in the United States. It seems simple enough. First, a small cut is made over the place where the patient wants the fat removed. Next, a small pipe is put into the cut. A machine like a vacuum cleaner is then used to suck the fat out of the body. Howev
13、er, as one doctor explained, some problems can happen after the operation. He warned: “Irregular lumps and loose skin can result from this operation. If it is not evenly done, liposuction can produce a very lumpy result.“ Patients often must have more liposuction to correct the problem.（分数：7.00）(1).
14、Cosmetic surgery is more popular in the US than anywhere else. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The way a man looks has little to do with the job opportunities he may have. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).There are hardly any risks involved in cosmetic op
15、erations. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The young woman was by no means satisfied with the eye operation. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The eye operation was such a failure that the woman refused to pay for it. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1
16、00）A.B.C.D.(6).Not everyone is a good candidate for liposuction. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Sometimes liposuction patients may have to undergo more than one operation. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Things to Know abou
17、t the UK1. From Buckingham Palace to Oxford, the UK is loaded with wonderful icons (标志) of past eras. But it has also modernized with confidence. Its now better known for vibrant (充满活力的) cities with great nightlife and attraction. Fashions, fine dining, clubbing, shoppingthe UK is among the worlds b
18、est.2. Most people have strong preconceptions about the British. But if youre one of these people, youd be wise to abandon those ideas. Visit a nightclub in one of the big cities, a football match, or a good local pub and you might more readily describe the English people as humorous and hospitable.
19、 Its certainly true that no other country in the world has more bird-watchers, sports supporters, pet owners and gardeners than the UK.3. Getting around England is pretty easy. Budget (廉价的) airlines like Easyjet and Rynnair fly domestically. Trains can deliver you very efficiently from one major cit
20、y to another. Long distance express buses are called coaches. Where coaches and buses run on the same route, coaches are more expensive (though quicker) than buses. Londons famous black cabs are excellent but expensive. Minicabs are cheaper competitors, with freelance (个体的) drivers. But usually you
21、need to give a call first. Londons underground is called the Tube. Its very convenient and can get you to almost any part of the city.4. The UK is not famous for its food. But you still need to know some of the traditional English foods. The most famous must be fish and chips. The fish and chips are
22、 deep fried in flour. English breakfast is something you need to try. It is fried bacon, sausages, fried eggs, black pudding, fried tomatoes, fried bread and baked beans, with toast and a pot of tea. Other things like shepherds pie and Yorkshire pudding are also well-known as a part of English food
23、culture.5. Pubbing and clubbing are the main forms of English nightlife, especially for the young. Pubbing means going to a pub with friends, having drinks, and chatting. Clubbing is different from pubbing and includes going to a pub, or a place of music, or a bar, or any other places to gather with
24、 friends. Clubbing can be found everywhere. Usually there is some kind of dress code for clubbing, such as no jeans, no sportswear, or smart clubwear, while pubbing is much more casual.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _ A. Education B. People C. Transport D. Drinks E. Food F. Nightlife（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Pa
25、ragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The UK is a country that is _. A. faster but more expensive than buses B. both ancient and modern C. humorous and hospitable D. cheap and efficient E. traditional and famous F. clever and hardworking（分数：
26、1.00）填空项 1:_(6).The British people are _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Coaches in the UK are _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Fish and chips are _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Technology Transfer in GermanyWhen it comes to translating basic research into industrial success, few n
27、ations can match Germany. Since the 1940s, the nations vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and Uexpertise/U from science. And though German prosperity (繁荣) has faltered (衰退) over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the globa
28、l economic decline, it still has an enviable (令人羡慕的) record for turning ideas into profit.Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought-after technologies. But today the Fraunhofer ins
29、titutes have competition. Universities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all over. These efforts are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies. Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic
30、 success, but it is not without its critics.These people worry that favoring applied research will mean neglecting basic science, eventually starving industry of fresh ideas. If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur (企业家), the argument goes, then the traditional principles of universi
31、ty research being curiosity-driven, free and widely available will suffer. Others claim that many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years. While this debate continues, new id
32、eas flow at a steady rate from Germanys research networks, which bear famous names such as Helmholtz, Max Planck and Leibniz. Yet it is the fourth network, the Fraunhofer Society, that plays the greatest role in technology transfer.Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is now Europes largest organ
33、ization for applied technology, and has 59 institutes employing 12,000 people. It continues to grow. Last year, it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin. Today, there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia.（分数：15.00）(1).What factor can be attributed to Ger
34、man prosperity? A. Technology transfer. B. Good management. C. Hard work. D. Fierce competition.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research? A. It is free. B. It is profit-driven. C. It is widely available. D. It is curiosity-driven.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3)
35、The Fraunhofer Society is the largest organization for applied technology in _. A. Asia B. USA C. Europe D. Africa（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).When was the Fraunhofer Society founded? A. In 1940. B. Last year. C. After the unification. D. In 1949.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The word “expertise“ in(Para. 1)line 3
36、could be best replaced by _. A. experts B. scientists C. scholars D. special knowledge（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Superconductor Ceramic (陶瓷)An underground revolution begins this winter. With the flip (轻击) of a switch, 30,000 homes in one part of Detroit will soon become the first in th
37、e country to receive electricity transmitted by ice-cold, high-performance cables. Other American cities are expected to follow Detroits example in the years ahead, which could conserve enormous amounts of power.The new electrical cables at the Frisbie power station in Detroit are revolutionary beca
38、use they are made of superconductors. A superconductor is a material that transmits electricity with little or no resistance. Resistance is the degree to which a substance resists electric current. All common electrical conductors have a certain amount of electrical resistance. They convert at least
39、 some of the electrical energy passing through them into waste heat. Superconductors dont. No one understands how superconductivity works. It just does.Making superconductors isnt easy. A superconductor material has to be cooled to an extremely low temperature to lose its resistance. The first super
40、conductors, made more than 50 years ago, had to be cooled to 263 degrees Celsius before they lost their resistance. Newer superconducting materials lose their resistance at 143 degrees Celsius.The superconductors cable installed at the Frisbie station is made of a ceramic material that contains copp
41、er, oxygen, bismuth (铋), strontium (锶) and calcium (钙). A ceramic is a hard, strong compound made from clay or minerals. The superconducting ceramic has been fashioned into a tape that is wrapped lengthwise around a long tube filled with liquid nitrogen. Liquid nitrogen is super cold and lowers the
42、temperature of the ceramic tape to the point where it conveys electricity with zero resistance.The United States loses an enormous amount of electricity each year to resistance. Because cooled superconductors have no resistance, they waste much less power, other cities are watching the Frisbie exper
43、iment in the hope that they might switch to superconducting cable and conserve power, too.（分数：15.00）(1).What is the benefit of the revolution mentioned in the first paragraph? A. With a flip of swish, electricity can be transmitted. B. Other American cities can benefit from the high-performance cabl
44、es. C. Great amounts of power can be conserved. D. Detroit will first receive electricity transmitted by the new electrical cables.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Compared to common electrical conductors, superconductors _. A. have little or no electrical resistance B. can be used for a long time C. are not en
45、ergy-efficient D. can be made easily（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).At what temperature does the superconducting ceramic lose its resistance? A. 143 degree Celsius. B. 263 degree Celsius. C. As long as it is ice-cold. D. Absolute zero.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What element enables the ceramic tape to lower its temp
46、erature? A. Copper. B. Liquid nitrogen. C. Clay. D. Calcium.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the last paragraph, which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Other cities hope they can also conserve power. B. Other cities hope they can use superconducting cables soon. C. Superconductors waste
47、less power because of their low resistance. D. The Fribie experiment is not successful.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、B第三篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The Science of the FutureUntil recently, the “science of the future“ was supposed to be electronics and artificial intelligence. Today it seems more and more likely that the next great breakthroughs in technology will be brought through a combination of those two sciences with organic chemistry and genetic engineering. This combination is the science of biotechnology.Organic chemistry enables us to produce marvelous synthetic (合成
