1、专业八级-848 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Values, Characterist(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、SECTION B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Questions 1 to 5 are(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A.In 1868.B.In 1886.C.In 1898.D.
2、In 1889.A.They could work for 24 hours a day.B.They were worse hunters.C.They were more persistent hunters.D.They worked the whole night.A.They were killed.B.They were punished by not to be given food.C.They had to change job.D.They were dismisseA.Because of the great amount of rats she caught.B.Bec
3、ause of her good manner.C.Because of her sudden attack on the burglars.D.She served for 16 years.A.Yes, as fewer than before.B.Yes, but fewer than before.C.Yes, they are not needed any more.D.No, their services are discontinue六、SECTION C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Questions 6 and 7 ar(总题数：1，分数：2.00)A.Revolutio
4、nary WarB.the First World WarC.wars involved AmericaD.the Civil WarA.216,000B.206,000C.260,000D.266,000八、Questions 8 and 9 ar(总题数：1，分数：2.00)A.The rapid growth in world oil consumption.B.The rise of China and India.C.The construction of new pipelines is becoming more difficult.D.The rise of oil pricA
5、.Persian Gulf, Pakistan and ChinaB.Persian Gulf, Pakistan and IndiaC.Pakistan, India and ChinaD.Persian Gulf and Pakistan九、Question 10 is based(总题数：1，分数：1.00)A.The study of Emu oil.B.The use of Emu oil.C.The effect of Emu oil.D.Neither of above choices.十、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十一、TEXT A(总题
6、数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Since the late 1970(总题数：4，分数：4.00)2.The author of the passage is primarily concerned with _.（分数：1.00）A.summarizing a thesisB.recommending a different approachC.comparing points of viewD.making a series of predictions3.The author s attitude toward the culture is most factories in best
7、described as _.（分数：1.00）A.cautiousB.criticalC.disinterestedD.respectful4.The author suggests that implementing manufacturing competitiveness is a strategy that is _.（分数：1.00）A.flawed and ruinousB.shortsighted and difficult to sustainC.popular and easily accomplishedD.useful but inadequate5.In the pa
8、ssage, the author includes all of the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.a business principleB.a definition of productivityC.an example of a successful companyD.an illustration of a process technology十三、TEXT B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十四、At last her efforts (总题数：3，分数：3.00)6.We can conclude that Isabel Burton _.（分数：
9、1.00）A.had been trying to get her husband a job in a place where she could go with himB.had been trying to get her husband a job in BrazilC.was always trying to plant fruit trees from BrazilD.was always trying to make great efforts in Brazil7.When her husband laughed at her reaction, Isabel decided
10、_.（分数：1.00）A.to hit her husband with a slipperB.to carry on calmly with what she was doingC.to pull herself towards the chair she was standing onD.to calm down and behave sensibly8.Although he was employed by Foreign Office, Richard Burton was _.（分数：1.00）A.interested in becoming a monk or an emplore
11、rB.very interested in his work and a number of other thingsC.bored by his work and his dutiesD.bored by his work and his many other interests and activities十五、TEXT C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十六、The year which prece(总题数：3，分数：3.00)9.The word reputation in “my reputation in town enhanced my reputation at work“ is
12、 used in a(n) _ sense.（分数：1.00）A.derogatoryB.ironicalC.appreciativeD.neutral10.The mason why the author says in the essay that the title of the move This Land Is Mine is ironical was that the land is _.（分数：1.00）A.not really that of the native born black AmericansB.that of the Frenchmen; the land ref
13、ers to FranceC.mine; yet it was occupied by GermansD.mine; the land is that of the Americans11.“That year in New Jersey lives in my mind.“, as the author intended, means _.（分数：1.00）A.that was a year in which awful things happened to meB.that was a year that I will never forgetC.that was a year that
14、only existed in my mind; but never happened to existD.that was a year when I lived in New Jersey十七、TEXT D(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十八、David Landes, author(总题数：5，分数：5.00)12.In discussing Landess work, the authors tone is _.（分数：1.00）A.matter-of-factB.skepticalC.reproachfulD.enthusiastic13.The cultural elements i
15、dentified by Landes _ those identified by other historians.（分数：1.00）A.subsumeB.contradictC.glorifyD.complicate14.Landes believes that _.（分数：1.00）A.Europeans set out to bring civilization to an unfortunate worldB.the Europeans dominated other countries simply because they were strongC.the desire of E
16、uropeans to colonize other countries stemmed from specific cultural valuesD.the colonized countries themselves were to blame for being victimized by Europeans15.“This school“ (par（分数：1.00）A.5) refers to people who _.A. believe in the absolute superiority of Western cultureB. hold drastically differe
17、nt views from LandesC. are very cautious in linking Western culture and modernityD. follow in the footsteps of Nazism and communism16.According to Landes, the main reason that some countries are so poor is that _.（分数：1.00）A.they lack work ethicB.they are scientifically backwardC.they lack rationalit
18、yD.they are victimized by colonists十九、TEXT E(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二十、Every profession or (总题数：5，分数：5.00)17.The writer of the article was, no doubt _.（分数：1.00）A.a linguistB.an essayistC.a scientistD.an attorney18.The authors main purpose in the passage is to _.（分数：1.00）A.describe a phenomenonB.be entertaini
19、ngC.argue a beliefD.propose a solution19.It is true that _.（分数：1.00）A.an educated person would be expected to know most technical termsB.everyone is interested in scientific findingsC.the average man often uses in his own vocabulary what was once technical language not meant for himD.various profess
20、ions and occupations often interchange their dialects and jargons20.In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the number of technical terms in the terminology of _.（分数：1.00）A.farmingB.sportsC.governmentD.fishery21.Special words used in technical discussion _.（分数：1.00）A.never last longB.ar
21、e considered artificial language speechC.should be confined to scientific fieldsD.may become part of common speech二十一、PART GENERAL KNOWL(总题数：10，分数：10.00)22.Which country was never be the colony of the Great Britain?（分数：1.00）A.Poland.B.Afghanistan.C.Egypt.D.New Zealand.23.The objective of the Chartis
22、t Movement was democratic rights for all men, and it took its name from “_“.（分数：1.00）A.The Bill of RightsB.The Agreement of the PeopleC.The Peoples CharterD.The Great Charter24._ is the core of leader ship of the British government.（分数：1.00）A.ParliamentB.Privy councilC.Central governmentD.Cabinet25.
23、British Prime Minister Tony Blair belongs to _.（分数：1.00）A.Democratic PartyB.Whig PartyC.Liberal PartyD.Labor Party26.Which of the following is not part of Britian?（分数：1.00）A.Wales.B.England.C.Scotland.D.Greenland.27.What is not the element in defining language?（分数：1.00）A.Systemic.B.Arbitrary.C.Symbo
24、l.D.Visual.28.Utopia is the work of _（分数：1.00）A.SpenserB.DonneC.BlakeD.More29.If the maxims of cooperative principle is violated, _ might occur.（分数：1.00）A.misleadingB.locutionary actC.conversational implicatureD.slip of tongue30.In 1066, Britain was conquered by _.（分数：1.00）A.RomeB.PortmanC.VikingsD.
25、Norman31.Swift invented famous _ in his world famous Gullivers Travels.（分数：1.00）A.LilliputB.BrobdingagC.Celestial cityD.Morality Pool二十二、PART PROOFREADDING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二十三、Changes in the way p(总题数：10，分数：10.00)32.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_33.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_34.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_35.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_36.（分数：1.00）填
26、空项 1:_37.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_38.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_39.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_40.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_41.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_二十四、PART TRANSLATION(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二十五、SECTION A CHINESE TO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)42.秦淮河的水是碧阴阴的；看起来厚而不腻，或者是六朝金粉所凝么?我们初上船的时候，天色还未断黑，那漾漾的柔波是这样的恬静，委婉，使我们一面有水阔天空之想，一面又憧憬着纸醉金迷之境了。等到灯火明时，阴阴的变为沉沉了：黯淡的水光，像梦一般；那偶然闪烁
27、着的光芒，就是梦的眼睛了。我们坐在舱前，因了那隆起的顶棚，仿佛总是昂着首向前走着似的；于是飘飘然如御风而行的我们，看着那些自在的湾泊着的船，船里走马灯般的人物，便象是下界一般，迢迢的远了，又像在雾里看花，尽朦朦胧胧的。（分数：10.00）_二十六、SECTION B ENGLISH TO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)43.Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize sh
28、arply the values of life. We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come. There are those, of course, who would adopt the Epicurean motto of “Eat,
29、 drink, and be merry“, but most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death.In stories the doomed hero is usually saved at the last minute by some stroke of fortune, but almost always his sense of values is changed, he becomes more appreciative of the meaning of life and its perman
30、ent spiritual values. It has often been noted that those who live, or have lived, in the shadow of death bring a mellow sweetness to everything they do.（分数：10.00）_二十七、PART WRITING(总题数：1，分数：20.00)44.Many people think that traditional cultures will be lost as science and technology develops. Peoples l
31、ife is changing rapidly with the development of new technology. Some say that technology and tradition are incompatible. Do you agree or disagree with their opinions? You are to write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic: Technology and the Traditional CultureIn the first part of
32、your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and ap
33、propriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：20.00）_专业八级-848 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Values, Characterist(总题数：1，分数：10.00)填空项 1:_ （正确答案：the bill）解析
34、：听力原文1-10Values, Characteristics, Personal Habits and Courtesies of AmericansGood morning, everybody. Today Im going to discuss American values, characteristics, personal habits and courtesies. Keep in mind as you are listening to this lecture that your goal is to understand, not to emulate or judge
35、. Just briefly, Id like to mention that there is remarkable ethnic diversity in the United States. The population of the USA is about 260 million, 73% of the American population is White, 12% is African American, 8% Hispanic, 3% Asian or Pacific islanders, and less than 1% American Indian or Eskimo.
36、 Many Americans resent generalizations being made about them because Americans see themselves as very unique and individualistic. On the other hand, Americans tend to lump foreigners together into one lot and condescendingly view foreigners as people who are not as intelligent or sensible as America
37、ns. Despite Americans dislike of generalizations and their ethnocentric point of view, it becomes evident that they are indeed “American“. Americans value individualism, independence, informality, directness, punctuality, achievement and competition.Individualism is probably the most highly esteemed
38、 value in the American culture and an important key to understanding American behavior. In the historical development of the country, individuality was crucial for survival. If you asked Americans to characterize the ideal person, they would probably use adjectives such as “autonomous“, “independent
39、“ and “self-reliant“. Persons tend to be viewed as individuals rather than as representatives of a family or a group. Here are some examples of how this value affects behaviors:1. If a group of friends go to a restaurant, everyone “wants to pay their own pay“. In other words they want to have separa
40、te checks and not be someones guest.2. In friendships, which seem to initially develop more quickly in the U.S. than in other cultures, the Americans may feel uncomfortable if you give them more help than they need. This is a tendency to draw back and see dependency as weakness.In some ways the stre
41、ss on the individual rather than the family or group has led to a more informal society. Sometimes this lack of formality is viewed by members of other cultures as a sign of lack of respect, but that is not the intention in the American value system. This informality is even more predominant on the
42、university campus than in other segments of society. Some ways in which you might see this value expressed in behaviors are:1. You will generally be on a first name basis with other students, in spite of any age differences.2. Dress is very informal on campus.3. Language is informal and sometimes co
43、nfusing. Phrases like “See you later“ and “Drop by any time“ are not meant literally. They are informal ways of saying goodbye.Americans are directhonesty and frankness are more important to Americans than “saving face“. They may bring up impolite conversation topics which you may find embarrassing,
44、 too controversial or even offensive. Americans are quick to get to the point and do not spend much time on formal social amenities. This directness encourages Americans to talk over disagreements and to try to patch up misunderstandings themselves rather than ask a third party to mediate disputes.I
45、t is particularly interesting to see what behaviors have culturally become associated with straightforwardness:1. A firm handshake somehow has come to be interpreted as a sign of sincerity.2. Looking at a person when you speak to him or her gives an indication of honesty.3. In a question of honesty
46、versus politeness, honesty wins. It is considered better to refuse graciously than to accept an invitation and not go.4. You will be taken at your word. If you refuse food the first time it is offered (to be polite), it may not be offered again. An American will not know that your initial refusal is
47、 politeness.Great value is attached to time in the U.S. Punctuality is considered an important attribute. As with all values, there are different rules of acceptability in different cultures. In the U.S. you should be present for school or business appointments at the exact time agreed upon. In social appointments you can arrive 10-15 minutes after the agreed-upon time without giving offense. If you are invit
