1、专业英语八级(听力)模拟试卷214及答案解析 (总分:120.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数:4,分数:120.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(分数:30.00)_2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-f
2、illing task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.(分数:30.00)_Culture As a Barr
3、ier to CommunicationOur culture will prevent us getting our message across and receiving the full message intended by others. Thats why we need to overcome the cultural barriers in the communication.I. Three levels of cultureA. Outward manifestations Examples: food, art,【T1】 1, etc.【T1】 2B.【T2】 3【T2
4、】 4 Invisible rulesC.【T3】 5 cultural assumptions【T3】 6 Characteristics of American culture: individualism, equality, competition, etc.II. Main causes for cross-cultural misunderstandingA. The in-group/out-group distinction It allows individuals to find an【T4】 7【T4】 8 Tendency to blame out-groups for
5、 troubles Tendency to【T5】 9 other groups【T5】 10B. Stereotyping It is a(n)【T6】 11to reduce anxiety【T6】 12C. Other causes Lack of trust Lack of empathy The【T7】 13【T7】 14III. Skills for cross-cultural communicationA.【T8】 15【T8】 16 Identify your attitudes, opinions, biases, etc.B.【T9】 17【T9】 18 Listen t
6、o others Dont jump to conclusions Periods of silence and【T10】 19 are allowed in some cultures【T10】 20C. Encourage feedback Feedback allows to correct and adjust messages Feedback can help us reach【T11】 21【T11】 22【T12】 23 could be appropriate feedback【T12】 24D.【T13】 25 empathy【T13】 26 Put ourselves i
7、n the other persons shoes Become more sensitive to others needs,【T14】 27【T14】 28E. Seek the【T15】 29 among cultures【T15】 30 Establish a bond despite cultural differences(分数:30.00)(1).【T1】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(2).【T2】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(3).【T3】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(4).【T4】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(5).【T5】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(6).【T6
8、】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(7).【T7】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(8).【T8】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(9).【T9】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(10).【T10】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(11).【T11】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(12).【T12】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(13).【T13】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(14).【T14】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(15).【T15】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_Cross Cultural NegotiationsIts important to understand the cultur
9、al differences in negotiations, as different cultures have different ways of negotiation. Here are some advice for cross cultural negotiations.I. Different cultures have different【T1】 1【T1】 2 Advice:A. Do some homeworkB. Identify the standard expected negotiating【T2】 3【T2】 4C. Develop skills to over
10、come【T3】 5【T3】 6II. A(n)【T4】 7 for cross cultural negotiation【T4】 8 Do your research on what will be expected of youA Define your schedule, what to【T5】 9 and bring【T5】 10B. Verify standard practices【T6】 11【T6】 12 Two options if in a more different environment:A Hire local【T7】 13【T7】 14B. Arrange for
11、 a local【T8】 15 to accompany you【T8】 16III. Eight best practicesA【T9】 17 what is expected of you【T9】 18B. Explain that how much you appreciate the business opportunitiesC. Explain that you are【T10】 19 here【T10】 20D. State your【T11】 21【T11】 22E. Ask for instructionsF. Apologize if you do or say somet
12、hing【T12】 23【T12】 24G. Show your desire to【T13】 25 in the negotiations【T13】 26H. Reaffirm the intent to do business with them and learn their culture-【T14】 27【T14】 28A. Remain constantly aware of your environmentB. In use of each advice, do not go【T15】 29【T15】 30(分数:30.00)(1).【T1】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(2).
13、【T2】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(3).【T3】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(4).【T4】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(5).【T5】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(6).【T6】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(7).【T7】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(8).【T8】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(9).【T9】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(10).【T10】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(11).【T11】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(12).【T12】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(13).【T13】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(14).【T14】(分数:2.00)填
14、空项1:_(15).【T15】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_专业英语八级(听力)模拟试卷214答案解析 (总分:120.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数:4,分数:120.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(分数:30.00)_解析:2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-le
15、cture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling t
16、ask.(分数:30.00)_解析:Culture As a Barrier to CommunicationOur culture will prevent us getting our message across and receiving the full message intended by others. Thats why we need to overcome the cultural barriers in the communication.I. Three levels of cultureA. Outward manifestations Examples: food
17、, art,【T1】 1, etc.【T1】 2B.【T2】 3【T2】 4 Invisible rulesC.【T3】 5 cultural assumptions【T3】 6 Characteristics of American culture: individualism, equality, competition, etc.II. Main causes for cross-cultural misunderstandingA. The in-group/out-group distinction It allows individuals to find an【T4】 7【T4】
18、 8 Tendency to blame out-groups for troubles Tendency to【T5】 9 other groups【T5】 10B. Stereotyping It is a(n)【T6】 11to reduce anxiety【T6】 12C. Other causes Lack of trust Lack of empathy The【T7】 13【T7】 14III. Skills for cross-cultural communicationA.【T8】 15【T8】 16 Identify your attitudes, opinions, bi
19、ases, etc.B.【T9】 17【T9】 18 Listen to others Dont jump to conclusions Periods of silence and【T10】 19 are allowed in some cultures【T10】 20C. Encourage feedback Feedback allows to correct and adjust messages Feedback can help us reach【T11】 21【T11】 22【T12】 23 could be appropriate feedback【T12】 24D.【T13】
20、 25 empathy【T13】 26 Put ourselves in the other persons shoes Become more sensitive to others needs,【T14】 27【T14】 28E. Seek the【T15】 29 among cultures【T15】 30 Establish a bond despite cultural differences(分数:30.00)(1).【T1】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:customspatterns of behaviorsclothingvisible behaviors
21、)解析:解析:本题考查文化第一层次外部表征的例子。讲座中有两处提到这些外部表征的例子,只要任选其一填入即可。(2).【T2】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:Values)解析:解析:本题属于细节题,即文化的第二层次是Values,注意首字母大写。(3).【T3】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:Implicit)解析:解析:录音提到文化有三个层次,第三个层次是文化最强大的部分,即隐含的文化假设。因此本题应填入Implicit。注意首字母要大写。(4).【T4】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:identity)解析:解析:本题考查概括信息
22、的能力。讲座提到,对个人来讲,能否区分局内人与局外人至关重要,因为这能帮助他们辨清who they are and who they are not。题目中的an提示了此处应填以元音字母开头的单词,故identity最佳。(5).【T5】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:interpret and judge)解析:解析:录音提到局内人和局外人的差异能给我们带来民族优越感,有解释和判断其他群体的倾向。因此本题填入interpret and judge。(6).【T6】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:defense mechanism)解析:解析:讲座中提到
23、,我们对别人的成见是一种用于减低焦虑的防御机制。因此填defense mechanism。(7).【T7】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:misuse of power)解析:解析:根据讲座,引起跨文化误解的其他因素有缺乏信任、缺乏同情心、滥用权力。这里填misuse of power。(8).【T8】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:Know yourself)解析:解析:应对跨文化交际的第一个技巧就是“认识自己”。因此填Know yourself,注意首字母大写。(9).【T9】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:Take time)解
24、析:解析:本题考查跨文化交际的第二个技巧,即花费一些时间。因此本题填入Take time。(10).【T10】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:long pauses)解析:解析:讲座中提到,不要操之过急,在一些文化中,沉默和长时间的停顿(long pauses)是允许的。(11).【T11】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:agreement)解析:解析:本题目是原文“没有反馈,我们就不能达成一致的协议”的同义转换,故填agreement。(12).【T12】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:Silence)解析:解析:录音提到,不要害怕
25、沉默,有时沉默也是一种对他人恰当的反馈。结合提纲内容,本题应填入Silence。(13).【T13】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:Develop)解析:解析:本题考查跨文化交际的第四个技巧,即Develop empathy。故填入Develop,注意首字母要大写。(14).【T14】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:values and goals)解析:解析:录音提到,为了发挥我们的同情心,我们必须设身处地为他人考虑事情。克服民族优越感的倾向,重视他人的需求、价值和目标。故填入values and goals。(15).【T15】(分数:2.00)填空
26、项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:CommonalitiesCommon grounds)解析:解析:本题考查跨文化交际的第五个技巧,即寻找不同文化的共同之处(commonalities)。这里也可以填其同义词组Common grounds。Cross Cultural NegotiationsIts important to understand the cultural differences in negotiations, as different cultures have different ways of negotiation. Here are some advice for c
27、ross cultural negotiations.I. Different cultures have different【T1】 1【T1】 2 Advice:A. Do some homeworkB. Identify the standard expected negotiating【T2】 3【T2】 4C. Develop skills to overcome【T3】 5【T3】 6II. A(n)【T4】 7 for cross cultural negotiation【T4】 8 Do your research on what will be expected of you
28、A Define your schedule, what to【T5】 9 and bring【T5】 10B. Verify standard practices【T6】 11【T6】 12 Two options if in a more different environment:A Hire local【T7】 13【T7】 14B. Arrange for a local【T8】 15 to accompany you【T8】 16III. Eight best practicesA【T9】 17 what is expected of you【T9】 18B. Explain th
29、at how much you appreciate the business opportunitiesC. Explain that you are【T10】 19 here【T10】 20D. State your【T11】 21【T11】 22E. Ask for instructionsF. Apologize if you do or say something【T12】 23【T12】 24G. Show your desire to【T13】 25 in the negotiations【T13】 26H. Reaffirm the intent to do business
30、with them and learn their culture-【T14】 27【T14】 28A. Remain constantly aware of your environmentB. In use of each advice, do not go【T15】 29【T15】 30(分数:30.00)(1).【T1】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:negotiation practices)解析:解析:讲座第一点谈到的是“不同的文化有不同的磋商方式”,故答案为negotiation practices。(2).【T2】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正
31、确答案:habitscustoms)解析:解析:针对开拓国际市场,讲座中提了几点建议,如事前做一些准备工作、辨别目标国家的磋商习惯等。填habits或customs均可。(3).【T3】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:communication hurdlescommunication obstacles)解析:解析:讲座中提到,不管事前做多少准备工作,交流中总会出现阻碍。因此更为重要的是要培养解决沟通障碍的能力。答案为communication hurdles或communication obstacles。(4).【T4】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答
32、案:beginners guideline)解析:解析:本题考查对讲座要点的把握。讲座对跨文化磋商工作提出了几点新手指南。因此本题应填入beginners guideline。(5).【T5】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:wear)解析:解析:初涉跨文化磋商工作,需确定好时间表、穿什么衣服和携带的东西。答案为wear。(6).【T6】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:beforehandin advanceahead of time)解析:解析:本题考查讲座的细节内容。录音提到,假如你是一名女士,记得事先确认好标准的做法。因此本题可以填入beforeha
33、nd或意思相近的词组,如in advance或ahead of time。(7).【T7】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:representation)解析:解析:根据讲座,如果认为自己将身处一个完全不熟悉的环境,那么有两个选择,其一就是“雇用一名当地的代表(representation)”。(8).【T8】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:third party)解析:解析:本题与上题内容并列,即第二个选择:安排当地第三方人士陪同前去商谈。故答案为third party。笔记中并没有把所有单词一一记下来,而是运用了符号、数字、英文和中文。这样做不仅省时,
34、而且清晰易懂。(9).【T9】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:Find out)解析:解析:录音提出关于第一次进行跨文化磋商的八条建议。第一条建议是问问自己期望什么并弄清楚。根据提纲内容,本题填Find out。(10).【T10】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:new)解析:解析:跨文化磋商时的第三点注意事项是向对方解释这是你第一次来到当地,而且你从未在这个国家做过生意。这里需将first trip概括为new。(11).【T11】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:good will)解析:解析:此题较简单,可直接从原文state y
35、our good will获取答案。(12).【T12】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:out of placeinappropriateimproper)解析:解析:本题考查跨文化磋商的第六条建议。假如你做的事情或说的话不恰当,应该道歉。本题应填入out of place或意思相近的inappropriate或improper。(13).【T13】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:proceed)解析:解析:讲座中提到,磋商过程中要不断地表达希望磋商能够继续的愿望。因此答案为proceed。(14).【T14】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:Guideline/Reminder)解析:解析:讲座最后还给出了参考意见:要不断地了解你的周边环境。根据提纲,应填入概括性词语Guideline或下文提到的Reminder。(15).【T15】(分数:2.00)填空项1:_(正确答案:正确答案:overboard)解析:解析:在提出八项建议后,演讲者还提醒到“采取每一项建议的时候都要做到恰如其分,不能过火”。这里填overboard。