1、专业英语八级翻译-4及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.U在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。人是很有趣的，往往在接触一个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。开始吃头盘或冷碟的时候，印象很好。吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。愈吃愈趋于冷静，吃完了这顿宴席，缺点就都找出来了。于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。这是因为，第一，开始吃的时候你正处于饥饿状态，而饿了吃糖甜如蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。/U第二，你初到一个餐
2、馆，开始举筷时有新鲜感，新盖的茅房三天香，这也可以叫做“陌生化效应”吧。（分数：15.00）_2.没有一个人将小草叫“大力士”，但是它的力量之大，的确是世界无比。这种力，是一般人看不见的生命力，只要生命存在，这种力就要显现，上面的石块，丝毫不足以阻挡，因为它是一种“长期抗战”的力，有弹性，能屈能伸的力，有韧性，不达目的不止的力。 种子不落在肥土而落在瓦砾中，有生命力的种子决不会悲观和叹气，因为有了阻力才有磨炼。生命开始的一瞬间就带了斗争来的草，才是坚韧的草，也只有这种草，才可以傲然地对那些玻璃棚中养育着的盆花哄笑。（分数：15.00）_3.我同书籍，即将分离。我虽非英雄，颇有垓下之感，即无可奈
3、何。 U这些书，都是在全国解放以后，来到我家的。最初零零碎碎，中间成套成批。有的来自京泸，有的来自苏杭。最初，囊中羞涩，也曾交臂相失。中间也曾一掷百金，稍有豪气。总之，时历三十余年，我同它们，可称故旧。 十年洗劫，我自顾不暇，无心也无力顾及它们。但它们辗转多处，经受折磨、潮湿、践踏、撞破，终于还是回来了。失去了一些，我有些惋惜，但也不愿去寻觅它们，因为我失去的东西，比起它们，更多也更重要。/U（分数：20.00）_三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.For me the most interesting thing about a solitary life
4、, and mine has been that for the last twenty years, is that it becomes increasingly rewarding. When I can wake up and watch the sun rise over the ocean, as I do most days, and know that I have an entire day ahead, uninterrupted, in which to write a few pages, take a walk with my dog, read and listen
5、 to music, I am flooded with happiness. UIm lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up. And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip, when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot,
6、 and am full to the brim with experience that needs to be sorted out./U UThen for a little while the house feels huge and empty, and I wonder where my self is hiding. It has to be recaptured slowly by watering the plants and perhaps, by looking again at each one as though it were a person./U UIt tak
7、es a while, as I watch the surf blowing up in fountains, but the moment comes when the world falls away, and the self emerges again from the deep unconsciousness, bringing back all I have recently experienced to be explored and slowly understood./U（分数：15.00）_5.Malle has said that this is the most pe
8、rsonal and important film of his career, and I believe that he thinks that. I also believe that hes wrong. If Goodbye is very personal to him, this may be because as an adult he has felt stricken by the recognition that he wasnt stricken then, and it may involve his feelings of guilt over his own fa
9、milys safety and prosperity everything that the film barely touches on. Malle has said of Goodbye, I reinvented the past in the pursuit of a haunting and timeless truth. Maybe thats why I felt as if I were watching a faded French classic, something I dimly recalled. In pursuit of haunting and timele
10、ss truth, Malle has gone back to the anti-Nazi movies of the forties, and polished and formalized the actions until hes turned melodrama into polite reverie.（分数：15.00）_6.Much of the problem is that we live in a passive age. To listen to a record album, to sit through a movie, to watch a television s
11、howall require nothing of the cultural consumer, save his mere presence. To read a book, though, takes an act of will on the part of the consumer. He must genuinely want to find out what is inside. He cannot just sit there; he must do something, even though the something is as simple an action as op
12、ening the book, closing the door and beginning to read. In generations before my own, this was taken for granted as an important part of life. But now, in the day of the information retrieval system, such a reverence is not being placed on the reading, and then saving, of books. If a young American
13、reads at all, he is far more likely to purchase a paperback that may be flipped through and then thrown away. In a disposable age, the book for keeping and rereading is an anachronism, a ponderous dinosaur in a high- speed society.（分数：20.00）_专业英语八级翻译-4答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0
14、，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.U在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。人是很有趣的，往往在接触一个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。开始吃头盘或冷碟的时候，印象很好。吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。愈吃愈趋于冷静，吃完了这顿宴席，缺点就都找出来了。于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。这是因为，第一，开始吃的时候你正处于饥饿状态，而饿了吃糖甜如蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。/U第二，你初到一个餐馆，开始举筷时有新鲜感，新盖的茅房三天香，这也可以叫做“陌生化效应”吧。（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(We sho
15、uld not be too romantic in interpersonal relations. Human beings are interesting in that they tend to first see good in a new acquaintance. Its just like the experience of dining in a restaurant. The appetizers or cold dishes will leave you a very good impression. You will be full of praise while ea
16、ting the first two main courses. However, the more you have, the more sober you become until the dinner ends up with all the flaws exposed. Consequently, your joy would give way to anger; your praises to criticism or even fault-finding; and your nodding in agreement to shaking the head. What account
17、s for all this is, in the first place, you are hungry when you start to eat. And when you are hungry, the bran tastes as sweet as honey; however, when you are full, even the boney is tasteless.)解析：解析 1人际关系问题：不宜译为interpersonal relationships problems，此处的“问题”指的是这个方面的话题，故可省略不译。 2人是很有趣的，往往在接触一个人时首先看到的都是他
18、或她的优点：此句前后部分隐含因果关系，因而可将前部分译为主句，后部分译为原因状语从句。“优点”可译为good或merit。“很有趣的”在此处指人本身有趣，因而不能译为interested，而应译为interesting。 3开始吃头盘或冷碟的时候，印象很好：此句为汉语中常见的无主句，可增译主语或译为被动句。“头盘或冷碟”在翻译时应注意英语中的对应表达。“头盘”在西餐中指第一道菜，也称为开胃品，通常译为appetizers，“冷碟”则可译为cold dishes。 4吃头两个主菜转首肯为摇头：此三句也是无主句，结合后面出现的第二人称“你”，可在翻译时采用增译法，添加主语you，使译文上下一致。其
19、中，第六句与第五句构成转折关系，因而在句首增译出表转折的however。“愈愈”可译为the more.the more.的结构。而第六句后部分“吃完了这顿宴席”与前部分则存在时间先后顺序，含有“直到”之意，因而可译为until引导的时间状语从句。“冷静”在此可译为sober或calm。“缺点”可译为flaw，shortcoming或defect。 5转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头：此句在翻译时可采用平行结构将原文含义及语言特点体现出来，“转为”可选用动词词组give way to或turn.into。“责备挑剔”可直接译为scolding and nit-picking，若译为cr
20、iticism or even fault-finding则更佳。“首肯”即点头赞同，可译为nodding in agreement。 6饿了吃糠甜如蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜：此句中“饿了”和“饱了”可分别转译为when引导的时间状语从句。“不甜”在此若译为not sweet，则无法完全表达句中所含“无味道，不好吃”之意，故应译为tasteless或insipid。2.没有一个人将小草叫“大力士”，但是它的力量之大，的确是世界无比。这种力，是一般人看不见的生命力，只要生命存在，这种力就要显现，上面的石块，丝毫不足以阻挡，因为它是一种“长期抗战”的力，有弹性，能屈能伸的力，有韧性，不达目的不止的力。
21、种子不落在肥土而落在瓦砾中，有生命力的种子决不会悲观和叹气，因为有了阻力才有磨炼。生命开始的一瞬间就带了斗争来的草，才是坚韧的草，也只有这种草，才可以傲然地对那些玻璃棚中养育着的盆花哄笑。（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(Though the little grass has never been said to be herculean, the power it shows is matchless in the world. It is an invisible force of life. So long as there is life, the force will show it
22、self. The rock above it is not heavy enough to prevent the seed from growing, because it is a force that keeps growing over a period of time, because it is an elastic force that can shrink and expand, and because it is a tenacious force that will not stop growing until it is grown. The seed does not
23、 choose to fall on fertile land but in debris, instead. The seed with life is never pessimistic or sad, for it has undergone resistance and pressure. The grass that begins to fight its way out right after its birth is strong and tenacious, and only that grass has the right to guffaw with pride at th
24、e potted plants in glassed green houses.)解析：解析 1大力士：在英语中有对应的表达：herculean，“世界无比”即“举世无双，无可比拟”，可译为matchless或unparalleled。后半句若照字面直译为its power is so great that it is matchless in the world，其中的it所指不明确，容易产生歧义，因为此处“世界无比”指的是小草的力量，因而部分意译为the power it shows is matchless in the world即可。 2这种力，不达目的不止的力：此句很长，可采用断句
25、译法进行处理。根据意群，该句可断为三个部分进行翻译：这种力，是一般人看不见的生命力/只要生命存在，这种力就要显现/上面的石块，丝毫不足以阻挡，因为它是一种“长期抗战”的力，有弹性，能屈能伸的力，有韧性，不达目的不止的力。 3只要生命存在，这种力就要显现：可译为as long as或so long as引导的条件句。“存在”译为there be即可。“显现”在此指展示自己，故可采用增词译法，译为show itself，“只要”含有条件之意，故不能译为引导时间状语从句的as soon as。 4上面的石块，丝毫不足以阻挡，因为：“因为”后的内容是三个并列排比，因而可译为三个并列的原因状语从句。“丝
26、毫不足以阻挡”指不足以阻挡种子生长发芽，故可灵活译为not heavy enough to prevent the seed from growing。“阻止”还可译为keep.from。 5长期抗战：此处指小草能够在石块的压迫下不断生长，可灵活译为keeps growing over a period of time。“能屈能伸”可译为can shrink and expand，“不达目的不止”指小草完全长成，因而可译为will not stop growing until it is grown。 6决不会悲观和叹气，因为有了阻力才有磨炼：此处指种子因为经历了阻力的磨炼，所以不会悲观和叹气
27、。该部分可译为The seed with life is never pessimistic or sad, for it has undergone resistance and pressure。“经历”除了译为undergo，还可译为come through或go through。 7生命开始的一瞬间就带了斗争来的草，才是坚韧的草，也只有这种草，才可以傲然地对那些玻璃棚中养育着的盆花哄笑：此句根据意群可分译为两个并列句。在前部分“生命开始的一瞬间就带了斗争来的草，才是坚韧的草”中，可把“才是坚韧的草”译为主句，“生命开始的一瞬间就带了斗争来的”译为定语从句。 8坚韧的：可译为tenaci
28、ous，但若译为strong and tenacious则更能体现该词在句中的涵义。 9生命开始的一瞬间：可简洁地译为right after its birth或since its birth，也可直译为from the moment it was born。 10带了斗争来：不可译为bring fight with it，其在句中指“进行斗争”，但并未指明与谁作斗争，故应灵活译为fight its way out。 11才可以：译为have the right或can即可。 12傲然地对那些玻璃棚中养育着的盆花哄笑：需调整语序，译为guffaw with pride at the potte
29、d plants in glassed green houses。3.我同书籍，即将分离。我虽非英雄，颇有垓下之感，即无可奈何。 U这些书，都是在全国解放以后，来到我家的。最初零零碎碎，中间成套成批。有的来自京泸，有的来自苏杭。最初，囊中羞涩，也曾交臂相失。中间也曾一掷百金，稍有豪气。总之，时历三十余年，我同它们，可称故旧。 十年洗劫，我自顾不暇，无心也无力顾及它们。但它们辗转多处，经受折磨、潮湿、践踏、撞破，终于还是回来了。失去了一些，我有些惋惜，但也不愿去寻觅它们，因为我失去的东西，比起它们，更多也更重要。/U（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(The books had arrived a
30、t my home since 1949, the year the country was liberated (from KMT rule). At first they came piecemeal and, later, in set or in bulk, some from Beijing and Shanghai, some from Suzhou and Hangzhou. During the first few years, as I was financially embarrassed, I was pitifully unable to claim possessio
31、n of some books. However, there were occasions on which I threw my money on books with quite a sense of lavish generosity. In short, having kept each other company for over 30 years, I felt lifelong intimacy with them all. During the ten years of the disastrous Cultural Revolution, I was not in the
32、mood to, nor was I fit enough to bother about my books, as I was not even sure where I myself would end up. But, having been taken from place to place, getting moistened and damaged, tortured and trampled underfoot, they eventually had come back to me. Some of them had got lost, for which I was real
33、ly sorry, but I thought I would not go and retrieve them, for I had lost more in those years and what I had lost other than the books was far more important.)解析：解析 1全国解放以后：此处涉及历史知识，指1949年中国解放，故应采用增译法，进行补充说明。该部分可译为since 1949, the year the country was liberated (from KMT rule)，或转译为after the establishm
34、ent of the PRC。 2最初零零碎碎：可采用增译法，添加动词come，译为at first they came piecemeal。 3成套成批：可译为in set or in bulk。 4中间：在句中与“最初”相对，因而不能译为in the middle，而应译为later。 5囊中羞涩：可译为I had financial problem，但若译为I was financially embarrassed则更显功底。“也曾交臂相失”则意译为I was pitifully unable to claim possession of some books 6中间也曾一掷百金，稍有豪
35、气：指期间我也会在买书上花费重金，该句与上句暗含转折之意，故可添加副词however，使句间结构更紧密流畅：However, there were occasions on which I threw my money on books with quite a sense of lavish generosity. 7时历三十余年，我同它们，可称故旧：指我与书相伴已经有三十多年，它们就如我的故交一样。该句前部分可译为时间状语having kept each other company for over 30 years，后部分中“可称故旧”可译为I felt lifelong intimac
36、y with them all。 8十年浩劫：指“文化大革命”那十年，可译为时间状语during the ten years of the disastrous Cultural Revolution。 9我自顾不暇：指我自身难保，不知道自己何去何从，可译为as或since引导的原因状语从句as I was not sure where I myself would end up，若句中添加程度副词even，则更添文采。 10无心也无力顾及它们：指没有心情也没有精力去考虑这些书，可译为not.nor的结构，注意后半句为倒装句式，即I was not in the mood to, nor wa
37、s I fit enough to bother about my books。 11我失去的东西，比起它们，更多也更重要：在翻译时要表达出其中蕴含的两个意思：多和重要。因而此处可译为I had lost more in those years and what I had lost other than the books was far more important.三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.For me the most interesting thing about a solitary life, and mine has been th
38、at for the last twenty years, is that it becomes increasingly rewarding. When I can wake up and watch the sun rise over the ocean, as I do most days, and know that I have an entire day ahead, uninterrupted, in which to write a few pages, take a walk with my dog, read and listen to music, I am floode
39、d with happiness. UIm lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up. And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip, when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot, and am full to the br
40、im with experience that needs to be sorted out./U UThen for a little while the house feels huge and empty, and I wonder where my self is hiding. It has to be recaptured slowly by watering the plants and perhaps, by looking again at each one as though it were a person./U UIt takes a while, as I watch
41、 the surf blowing up in fountains, but the moment comes when the world falls away, and the self emerges again from the deep unconsciousness, bringing back all I have recently experienced to be explored and slowly understood./U（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(只有当我疲惫不堪的时候，在我长时间不停埋头工作的时候，或是在我一时感到内心空虚，需要充实的时候，我才会感到孤独。此
42、外，在巡回讲学完回家，或见过许多人，讲过许多话，满脑的见闻感受需要梳理之时，我也会感到孤独。 于是，就有那么一阵子，屋里显得空荡荡的，而我不知道自我潜藏何处了。只有去浇浇花草，或许，再次打量每一株花草，将之视为活生生的人，我才能渐渐找回失去的自我。 找回自我需要一点时间。当我看着浪花进若喷泉，身边的世界逐渐消逝时，那一时刻才会到来。自我再次从潜意识深处浮现，最近经历的种种也都随之而来，以待我探究和细细品味。)解析：解析 1Im lonely only when., when., when.：此句中几个when引导的状语从句构成了并列的排比句，翻译时尽可能使译文也采用同样的排比结构，从而更贴近原
43、文风格。同时，此句中的overtired，worked等在翻译时可采用汉语中常见的四字成语，更能体现散文的风采，可分别译为“疲惫不堪”和“埋头工作”。 2for the time being：固定短语，可译为“一时，眼下”。 3feel empty：感到内心空虚。 4need filling up：可引申为“需要有所慰藉、充实”。 5And I am lonely.that needs to be sorted out：and可省略不译，a lecture trip在此指“巡回讲学”。am full to the brim with experience若译为“我见闻感受满到快溢出来了”，则令
44、人不知所以然，也不符合汉语的表达习惯，此处指，作者感到心里装了太多的东西，快要放不下了，意思是“我的脑子里塞满了太多的见闻感受”。 6Then for a little while., and I wonder where my self is hiding：此句中，for a while可译为“一阵，一会儿”，the house feels huge and empty是作者当时的感觉，可灵活译为“屋里显得空荡荡的”。 7It has to be recaptured slowly.as though it were a person：句中出现了两个it，其中第一个指代的是myself，第二
45、个则指花草，即作者把一株一株的花草当作有思想的人来看待。recapture意为“重温；再现”。 8It takes a while,. experienced to be explored and slowly understood：最后一段是个长句，结构比较复杂，主干为it take.，but.and.，根据意群可在as和and处断开，分译成三个句子。It takes a while中，it承接上段的内容，因此可具体译为“找回自我”。翻译as I.falls away这一部分时，可先译出as和when引导的两个时间状语从句。fan away可译为“消逝”，the deep unconscio
46、us可译为“高度无意识”，但译为“潜意识深处”更流畅些。slowly understood可译为“慢慢理解”，同样的，若译为“细细品味”则更佳。5.Malle has said that this is the most personal and important film of his career, and I believe that he thinks that. I also believe that hes wrong. If Goodbye is very personal to him, this may be because as an adult he has felt stricken
