1、专业英语八级词汇-12及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)The largest stock market in the world is the New York StockExchange. It is also the oldest financial market in the United States.Its history dates to 1792. Today, two-thousand-eight hundred companies (1) trade their shares at the New York Stock Exchange. Togethe
2、r, the value (2) of those stocks is almost fifteen-million-million dollars. Thesecompanies are all public traded. That means any investor can buy their (3) stock. A foreign company can trade on the New York Stock Exchange byplacing some of its shares in a bank. An American Depositary Receipt isgivin
3、g in place of the stock, and can be traded on the exchange. About (4) four-hundred-seventy companies from fifty-one other nations arerepresented on the New York Stock Exchange.Stock is share in the ownership of a company. Debt is also traded (5) on the exchange. Bonds are generally sold in amount of
4、 one-thousand (6) dollars or more. Companies and governments sell bonds as a way toborrow money. Buyers earn interest as they wait for the bonds to reachfull value. Bonds can be resold or divided. (7) The New York Stock Exchange is owned by its members. It hasmore than one-thousand-three-hundred mem
5、bers. It have the right (8) to buy and sell securities on the trading floor, for other investors or forthem. A membership is traditionally called a seat. These can (9) also be bought and sold. Memberships have sometime sold for more (10) than two-million dollars.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项
6、1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_The fiscal year for the United States government starts on Octoberfirst and ends September thirtieth. Other fiscal years begin in April or July.The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants begin its fiscal year (1) on August first. Accountants add earnings
7、and losses at the end of a fiscal (2) year. These numbers are needed to know how much is owed for taxes, andhow much is left for the next budget. Congress is supposing to approve (3) federal spending for the coming fiscal year by October first. This does notalways happen. Both the House of Represent
8、atives or the Senate must (4) write and vote for their own budget resolution. This is a general plan for (5) spending. Then, a conference committee meet. Members from both houses (6) are on this committee. They approve a final budget resolution which goes toa vote in both houses. But this is not the
9、 end of the process. Committees inboth houses must also approve the exact number of money for each program. (7) This is called appropriations. Below the committees are subcommittees that (8) make decisions about areas alike education and defense. Bills to permit (9) spending then go to the full Hous
10、e and Senate for a vote. The appropriationsprocess often takes place at the same time if the budget resolution process. (10) （分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March,
11、the price of crude oil (1) jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December.This near-tripling of oil prices calls for scary memories of the 1973 (2) oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-80, when they alsoalmost tripled. All previous shocks resulted in double-digitinflation
12、(3) and global economic decline. So where the headlines warning of (4) gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraqsuspended oil exports. Strengthen economic growth, at the same (5) time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the pricehigher still
13、 at the short term. (6) Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequencesnow to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost ofcrude oil now accounts for a small share of the price of petrol than it (7) did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for to four-fifths of the
14、 (8) retail price, as even quite big changes in the price of crude have a (9) more muted effect on pump prices than in the past. Rich economiesare also more dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to (10) swings in the oil price.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1
15、:_填空项1:_填空项1:_The entrepreneur, according to French economist J.B. Say, isa person who shifts economic resources out of an area of lower andfrom an area of higher productivity and yield. But Says definition (1) does not tell us who this entrepreneur is. Some define the entrepreneursimple as one who
16、starts his or her own new and small business. For (2) our purposes, we will define the entrepreneur as a person who takes thenecessary risks to organize and manage a business and receives thefinancial profits and nonmonetary reward. (3) The man who opens a small pizza restaurant is of business, but
17、(4) is he an entrepreneur? He took a risk and did something, but did heshift resources or started the business? If the answer is yes, then he is (5) considered an entrepreneur. Ray Kroc is an example of an entrepreneurbecause he founded and established McDonalds. His hamburgerswere not a new idea, a
18、nd he applied new techniques, resource allocations, (6) and organizational methods in his venture. Ray Kroc upgraded theproductivity and yield from the resources applying to create his fast-food (7) chain. This is what entrepreneurs do; this is what entrepreneurshipmeans.Entrepreneurs exhibit simila
19、r behaviors; searching for a (8) specific personality pattern is very difficult. Some entrepreneurs arequiet, introverted, and analytical. At the other hand, some are brash, (9) extroverted, and very emotional. Many of them share some qualities.Viewing change as the norm, entrepreneurs usually searc
20、h for it, respondto it, and treat it as opportunity. (10) （分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_The ways of history are so intricate and the motivations of human actionsso complex that it is always hazardous to attempt to represent events cover (1) a number of years,
21、a multiplicity of persons, and distant localities as theexpression of one intellectual and social movement; yet the historical process (2) which culminates in the ascent of Thomas Jefferson to the presidency (3) can be regarded as the outstanding example not only of the birth of a newway of life but
22、 also nationalism as a new way of life. The American Revolution (4) represents the link between the seventeenth century, in which modem Englandbecame conscious of itself, and the awakening of modern Europe in the (5) end of the eighteenth century. It may seem strange that the march of historyshould
23、have to cross the Atlantic Ocean, but only in the North American (6) colonies a struggle for civic liberty lead also to the foundation of a new (7) nation. Here, in the popular rising for a tyrannical government, the fruits (8) were more than the securing of a free constitution. They included the gr
24、owth (9) of a nation born in liberty by the will of the people, not from the rootsof common descent, a geographic entity, or the ambitions of king or dynasty.With the American nation, in the first time, a nation was born, not in the (10) dim past of history but before the eyes of the whole world.（分数
25、：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_专业英语八级词汇-12答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)The largest stock market in the world is the New York StockExchange. It is also the oldest financial market in the United States.Its history dates to 1792. Today, two-thousand-eight hundred compan
26、ies (1) trade their shares at the New York Stock Exchange. Together, the value (2) of those stocks is almost fifteen-million-million dollars. Thesecompanies are all public traded. That means any investor can buy their (3) stock. A foreign company can trade on the New York Stock Exchange byplacing so
27、me of its shares in a bank. An American Depositary Receipt isgiving in place of the stock, and can be traded on the exchange. About (4) four-hundred-seventy companies from fifty-one other nations arerepresented on the New York Stock Exchange.Stock is share in the ownership of a company. Debt is also
28、 traded (5) on the exchange. Bonds are generally sold in amount of one-thousand (6) dollars or more. Companies and governments sell bonds as a way toborrow money. Buyers earn interest as they wait for the bonds to reachfull value. Bonds can be resold or divided. (7) The New York Stock Exchange is ow
29、ned by its members. It hasmore than one-thousand-three-hundred members. It have the right (8) to buy and sell securities on the trading floor, for other investors or forthem. A membership is traditionally called a seat. These can (9) also be bought and sold. Memberships have sometime sold for more (
30、10) than two-million dollars.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：在to之前加back）解析：解析 date back to为固定搭配，意为“追溯到”，与原文刚好相符，因此在to之前加上back。填空项1:_（正确答案：aton）解析：解析 表示在证券交易所应该用介词on，由下文也可知，纽约证券交易所之前的介词应该是on。填空项1:_（正确答案：publicpublicly）解析：解析 用于限定动词过去分词traded的应该是副词，因此将public改为副词publicly。填空项1:_（正确答案：givinggiven）解析：解析 原文想要表达的是“给出一
31、张美国受托收据来代替股票”，其中receipt和give之间应该是被动关系，因此将giving改为过去分词形式given。填空项1:_（正确答案：在share之前加a）解析：解析 share在表示“股份”时为可数名词，因此应该在之前用不定冠词a加以限定。填空项1:_（正确答案：amountamounts）解析：解析 原文想要表达的是“债券通常以一千美元或更高的价格出售”，因此可数名词amount应采用复数形式amounts。填空项1:_（正确答案：在be之前加also）解析：解析 原文中的“债权可以被再次出售或分割”与上文应该是递进关系，因此在系动词be之前加上意为“也，同样”的also。填空
32、项1:_（正确答案：ItThey）解析：解析 it用于指代的应该是上文中的members，因此将其改为复数形式they。填空项1:_（正确答案：themthemselves）解析：解析 原文想要表达的是“为其他投资者或为他们自己”，因此将them改为反身代词themselves。填空项1:_（正确答案：sometimesometimes）解析：解析 原文想要表达的是“成员资格有时能卖到超过两百万美元”，因此将sometime改成sometimes。The fiscal year for the United States government starts on Octoberfirst an
33、d ends September thirtieth. Other fiscal years begin in April or July.The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants begin its fiscal year (1) on August first. Accountants add earnings and losses at the end of a fiscal (2) year. These numbers are needed to know how much is owed for taxes, an
34、dhow much is left for the next budget. Congress is supposing to approve (3) federal spending for the coming fiscal year by October first. This does notalways happen. Both the House of Representatives or the Senate must (4) write and vote for their own budget resolution. This is a general plan for (5
35、) spending. Then, a conference committee meet. Members from both houses (6) are on this committee. They approve a final budget resolution which goes toa vote in both houses. But this is not the end of the process. Committees inboth houses must also approve the exact number of money for each program.
36、 (7) This is called appropriations. Below the committees are subcommittees that (8) make decisions about areas alike education and defense. Bills to permit (9) spending then go to the full House and Senate for a vote. The appropriationsprocess often takes place at the same time if the budget resolut
37、ion process. (10) （分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：beginbegins）解析：解析 句子的主语是institute，因此将谓语动词begin改为begins。填空项1:_（正确答案：在add之后加up）解析：解析 add up为固定搭配，意为“加算，合计”，与原文刚好相符，因此在add之后加上up。填空项1:_（正确答案：supposingsupposed）解析：解析 be supposed to为固定搭配，意为“应该”，因此将supposing改为supposed。填空项1:_（正确答案：orand）解析：解析 both.and_意为“和两者都”，与原文相符，
38、因此将表选择的or改为and。填空项1:_（正确答案：第一个foron）解析：解析 原文想要表达的是“就他们自己的预算决议投票表决”，vote on意为“就表决”，而vote for意为“投票赞成”，因此将介词for改为on。填空项1:_（正确答案：meetmeets）解析：解析 原文想要表达的是“然后会议委员会碰面”，该句主语为单数的committee，因此将谓语动词meet改为meets。填空项1:_（正确答案：numberamount）解析：解析 常用来表示钱数的名词是amount，而非number。填空项1:_（正确答案：BelowUnder）解析：解析 原文想要表达的是“在委员会之下
39、的是小组委员会”，below一般用于表示位置位于下面、下方，而under可表示抽象概念“从属的”。填空项1:_（正确答案：alikelike）解析：解析 原文想要表达的是“做有关教育和国防领域的决议”，因此将意为“相似的”的alike改成意为“像，如同”的like。填空项1:_（正确答案：ifas）解析：解析 原文想要表达的是“拨款经常和预算决议同时进行”，因此将表示条件的if改为as。Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March,
40、the price of crude oil (1) jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December.This near-tripling of oil prices calls for scary memories of the 1973 (2) oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-80, when they alsoalmost tripled. All previous shocks resulted in double-digitinflation
41、(3) and global economic decline. So where the headlines warning of (4) gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraqsuspended oil exports. Strengthen economic growth, at the same (5) time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the pricehigher still
42、 at the short term. (6) Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequencesnow to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost ofcrude oil now accounts for a small share of the price of petrol than it (7) did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for to four-fifths of the
43、 (8) retail price, as even quite big changes in the price of crude have a (9) more muted effect on pump prices than in the past. Rich economiesare also more dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to (10) swings in the oil price.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：在oil之后加has）解析：解析 由时间状语从句since.可知，主句应该采取现在完成时，因此在oil之后加上助动词has。填空项1:_（正确答案：forup）解析：解析 call up为固定搭配，意为“使想起”，与原文刚好相符，因此将for改为up。填空项1:_（正确答案：AllBoth）解析：解析 上文只提到两次石油危机，因此应该用意为“两者”的both。填空项1:_（正确答案：在the之前加are）解析：解析 该
