专业英语八级词汇-21及答案解析.doc

1、专业英语八级词汇-21及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)1._ was the first president to resign in American history.A. Lincoln B. NixonC. Clinton D. Bush（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.Which sport is regarded as a major British industry?A. Tennis. B. GolfC. Horse racing. D. Boxing.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.Melbourne is the capital ofA. Ta

2、smania. B. Queensland.C. Victoria. D. New South Wales.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.Most immigrants to the United States are now fromA. Asia. B. Europe.C. Africa. D. Asian and Hispanic countries.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5._ is often acclaimed as the literary spokesman of the Jazz Age.A. F. Scott Fitzgerald B. Ernest H

3、emingwayC. Sinclair Lewis D. John Steinbeck（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.The real main stream of the English Renaissance isA. the Elizabethan poetry. B. the Elizabethan drama.C. the Elizabethan novel. D. the Elizabethan essay.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7._ is not only a prose writer but also a king of Wessex.A. Adam Bed

4、e B. King ArthurC. Alfred the Great D. Venerable Bede（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.There are _ morphemes in the word desirability.A. two B. threeC. four D. five（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.Application of the transformational rules yields _ structure.A. deep B. newC. surface D. complex（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10._ is the study o

5、f language processing.A. Psycholinguistics B. SemanticsC. Sociolinguistics D. Pragmatics（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.11.Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. England. B. Scotland.C. Wales. D. Northern Ireland.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12.With regard to its size, the USA is the _ country in the world.A. largest B.

6、second largestC. third largest D. fourth largest（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.Big Ben is inA. London. B. New York.C. Washington. D. Liverpool.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.14.The largest city in Australia isA. Canberra. B. Sydney.C. Melbourne. D. Queensland.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15.Don Juan was written byA. Percy Bysshe Shelle

7、y. B. John Keats.C. George Gordon Byron. D. William Wordsworth.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.16.Henry James was most famous forA. his poems. B. his plays.C. his novels. D. his short stories.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.17.Which of the following is NOT a representative of Modernism?A. Mark Twain. B. Earnest Hemingway.C. Ezra

8、 Pound. D. Robert Frost.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.18.The study of internal organization of words isA. semantics. B. morphology.C. syntax. D. phonology.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.19.The distinction between competence and performance was made byA. Halliday. B. Saussure.C. Bloomfield. D. Chomsky.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.20.The w

9、ords toys. walks, Johns can be examples ofA. free morphemes. B. compounds.C. inflectional affixes. D. derivations.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.21.What is the highest mountain in Britain?A. Scafell. B. Ben Nevis.C. The Cotswold. D. The Forth.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22.The nations capital city Washington D.C. and New Yo

10、rk are located inA. the American West. B. the Great Plains.C. the Midwest. D. the Middle Atlantic States.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.The American president involved in Watergate Scandal wasA. Richard Nixon. B. George Bush.C. Andrew Jackson. D. Bill Clinton.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24.Quebec province in Canada has a

11、 strong _ culture.A. British B. GermanC. French D. Italian（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25.Francis Scott Fitzgerald was famous forA. The Great Gatsby. B. The Sound and the Fury.C. A Farewell to Arms. D. The Grapes of Wrath.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.26.Which of the following writers is a novelist of the 20th century?A. Jo

12、hn Keats. B. Charles Lamb.C. Walter Scott. D. James Joyce.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27._ is the effect of language in which the intended meaning is the opposite of what is stated.A. Metaphor B. SimileC. Personification D. Irony（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.28.Among the following, _ is NOT one of the functions of adults l

13、anguage according to Halliday.A. the Ideational Function B. the Syntactic FunctionC. the Interpersonal Function D. the Textual Function（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.29.Theme and theme are terms in _ of syntax.A. the Traditional Approach B. the Structural ApproachC. the Functional Approach D. the Generative Appro

14、ach（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.30.Which of the following is a blending word?A. Lengthen. B. Nylon.C. Edit. D. Smog.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.31.The largest city of British Columbia in Canada is _.A. Ottawa. B. Winnipeg.C. Vancouver. D. Montreal.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.32.Which of the following is not a British newspaper?A. Da

15、ily Express. B. Daily Mirror.C. The Wall Street Journal. D. The Observer.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.33.The Midwest is Americas most important _ area.A. agricultural B. industrialC. manufacturing D. mining industry（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.34.The aim of President Roosevelts New Deal was to save AmericanA. economy. B. d

16、emocracy.C. society. D. politics.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.35.Pygmalion was written byA. William Butler Yeats. B. Bernard Shaw.C. T. S. Eliot. D. Virginia Woolf（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.36.Emily Dickinson was regarded mainly as a(n)A. novelist. B. poet.C. playwright. D. essayist.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.37.Which of the follo

17、wing is the representative of Realism?A. Washington Irving. B. James Fenimore Cooper.C. Nathaniel Hawthorne. D. Herman Melville.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.38.Phatic communication refers toA. languages function of the expression of identity.B. social interaction of language.C. languages function of expressing

18、itself.D. sociological use of language.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.39.The Cooperative Principles were put forward byA. John Langshaw Austin. B. J. Firbas.C. Herbert Paul Grice. D. H. L. Smith.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.40.According to _, we could only say The boy kicked the ball instead of Boy the ball kicked the.A. syn

19、tagmatic relation B. paradigmatic relationC. endocentric construction D. exocentric construction（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.41.In 1066, _ landed in England and built the Norman Empire.A. Julius Caesar B. Henry VIIIC. Oliver Cromwell D. William the Conqueror（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.42.The Parliament of Australia consis

20、ts of the House of Representatives andA. the House of Commons. B. the House of Lords.C. the Senate. D. the General.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.43.The longest river in Britain isA. the Mersey. B. the Severn.C. the Thames. D. the Clyde.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.44.Ten amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were a

21、dded to the Constitution, which are known asA. the Bill of Rights. B. the Civil Rights.C. Federalist Papers. D. the Articles of Confederation.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.45.Uncle Toms Cabin was written byA. Nathaniel Hawthorne. B. Harriet Beecher Stowe.C. Stephen Crane. D. Eugene ONeil.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.46.Who

22、is called father of English and European novels?A. Mark Twain. B. Daniel Defoe.C. William Makepeace Thackeray. D. David Herbert Lawrence.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.47.A reference in a literary work to a person, a place or a thing in history or another work of literary is anA. allegory. B. archetype.C. analogy

23、. D. allusion.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.48.Which of the following is NOT a case in English?A. Nominative. B. Accusative.C. Genitive. D. Vocative.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.49._ is often described as father of modem linguistics?A. Saussure B. ChomskyC. Bloomfield D. Halliday（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.50.Which of the following ph

24、rases is an example of an endocentric construction?A. On the shelf B. Beyond the words.C. An old man. D. Without thinking.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.专业英语八级词汇-21答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)1._ was the first president to resign in American history.A. Lincoln B. NixonC. Clinton D. Bush（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 美国政治概况

25、。Nixon(尼克松)是美国历史上第一位辞职的总统，促使其辞职的是水门事件(Watergate Scandal)。2.Which sport is regarded as a major British industry?A. Tennis. B. GolfC. Horse racing. D. Boxing.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 英国文化概况。在英国，赛马已经成为一项重要的产业，主要分为平地赛马和越野赛马两种形式。3.Melbourne is the capital ofA. Tasmania. B. Queensland.C. Victoria. D. New So

26、uth Wales.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 澳大利亚地理概况。墨尔本(Melboume)是澳大利亚维多利亚州(Victoria)的首府。4.Most immigrants to the United States are now fromA. Asia. B. Europe.C. Africa. D. Asian and Hispanic countries.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 美国文化概况。如今美国移民有80%到90%都来自亚洲和讲西班牙语的国家。5._ is often acclaimed as the literary spokesman

27、of the Jazz Age.A. F. Scott Fitzgerald B. Ernest HemingwayC. Sinclair Lewis D. John Steinbeck（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 美国文学之作家作品。Francis Scott Fitzgerald(弗朗西斯斯科特菲茨杰拉德)通常被看成是爵士时代美国文学的代表者。6.The real main stream of the English Renaissance isA. the Elizabethan poetry. B. the Elizabethan drama.C. the Elizab

28、ethan novel. D. the Elizabethan essay.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 英国文学之文学流派英国文艺复兴的真正主流是伊丽莎白时期的戏剧。7._ is not only a prose writer but also a king of Wessex.A. Adam Bede B. King ArthurC. Alfred the Great D. Venerable Bede（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 英国文学之作家生平。Alfred the Great不仅是著名的散文家，同时也是一位君主。8.There are _ morph

29、emes in the word desirability.A. two B. threeC. four D. five（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 语言学实例分析，单词desirability的词素构成是desire+able+ity，可见共有三个词素。9.Application of the transformational rules yields _ structure.A. deep B. newC. surface D. complex（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 语言学基本知识。利用转换规则可以将深层结构转换为表层结构(surface struct

30、ure)，即说话人实际说出的句子。10._ is the study of language processing.A. Psycholinguistics B. SemanticsC. Sociolinguistics D. Pragmatics（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 语言学基本概念。心理语言学(Psycholinguistics)研究的是对语言的处理。11.Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. England. B. Scotland.C. Wales. D. Northern Ireland.（分数：2.00）A.B

31、.C.D.解析：考点 英国地理概况。询问英国的四个组成部分中哪个部分总是战争不断，应该是北爱尔兰，因为他们总是想独立。12.With regard to its size, the USA is the _ country in the world.A. largest B. second largestC. third largest D. fourth largest（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 美国地理概况。美国的面积在全世界排名第四。前三名分别是俄罗斯、加拿大和中国。13.Big Ben is inA. London. B. New York.C. Washington

32、. D. Liverpool.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 英国地理概况。询问Big Ben(大本钟)在哪个城市，答案是伦敦。14.The largest city in Australia isA. Canberra. B. Sydney.C. Melbourne. D. Queensland.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 澳大利亚地理概况、澳大利亚最大的城市是悉尼( Sydney)，Canberra(堪培拉)是澳大利亚的首都，Melbourne(墨尔本)是澳大利亚的第二大城市，Queensland(昆士兰州)是澳大利亚联邦的第二大州。15.Don Juan

33、was written byA. Percy Bysshe Shelley. B. John Keats.C. George Gordon Byron. D. William Wordsworth.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 英国文学之作家作品、Don Juan，中文名为唐璜，是英国浪漫主义诗歌代表人拜伦所写的长诗。16.Henry James was most famous forA. his poems. B. his plays.C. his novels. D. his short stories.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 美国文学之作家贡献。He

34、nry James是美国著名小说家亨利詹姆斯，和Mark Twain(马克吐温)同时代。他的代表作有The American(美国人)和The Portrait of a Lady(贵妇人的画像)。17.Which of the following is NOT a representative of Modernism?A. Mark Twain. B. Earnest Hemingway.C. Ezra Pound. D. Robert Frost.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 美国文学之作家流派Mark Twain是美国“现实主义”的代表人。18.The study of

35、 internal organization of words isA. semantics. B. morphology.C. syntax. D. phonology.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 语言学基本概念Morphology(形态学)研究的是单词的内部构造。19.The distinction between competence and performance was made byA. Halliday. B. Saussure.C. Bloomfield. D. Chomsky.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 语言学家及其代表理论Competen

36、ce and Performance(语言能力与语言运用)是Noam Chomsky在其代表作Aspects of the Theory of Syntax中提出的。20.The words toys. walks, Johns can be examples ofA. free morphemes. B. compounds.C. inflectional affixes. D. derivations.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 语言学概念实例分析一本题属于形态学的范畴，考查词素(morpheme)的类型。toys，walks，Johns都是在原有单词的基础上加上了屈折词

37、缀(inflectional affix)，即不改变原单词含义的后缀，故选C。21.What is the highest mountain in Britain?A. Scafell. B. Ben Nevis.C. The Cotswold. D. The Forth.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 英国地理概况英国最高的山峰是本尼维斯山，位于苏格兰，海拔1343米。22.The nations capital city Washington D.C. and New York are located inA. the American West. B. the Great

38、Plains.C. the Midwest. D. the Middle Atlantic States.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 美国地理概况华盛顿和纽约都位于美国地理分区中的中部大西洋各州(the Middle Atlantic States)区。23.The American president involved in Watergate Scandal wasA. Richard Nixon. B. George Bush.C. Andrew Jackson. D. Bill Clinton.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 美国历史概况，1974年美国

39、总统理查德尼克松(Richard Nixon)因水门事件而引咎辞职，他是美国历史上首位辞职的总统。24.Quebec province in Canada has a strong _ culture.A. British B. GermanC. French D. Italian（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 加拿大文化。加拿大Quebec(魁北克省)在1763年以前曾是法国的殖民地，因此该省具有浓烈的法国文化传统，是北美地区法国文化的中心。25.Francis Scott Fitzgerald was famous forA. The Great Gatsby. B. The

40、 Sound and the Fury.C. A Farewell to Arms. D. The Grapes of Wrath.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 美国文学之作家作品Francis Scott Fitzgerald(弗朗西斯斯科特菲茨杰拉德)是美国现代主义的代表作家之一，代表作有The Great Gatsby(了不起的盖茨比)和Tender Is the Night(夜色温柔)。26.Which of the following writers is a novelist of the 20th century?A. John Keats. B. Charles

41、 Lamb.C. Walter Scott. D. James Joyce.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 英国文学之作家流派前三位作家都是19世纪英国浪漫主义的代表作家，只有James Joyce(詹姆斯乔伊斯)活跃于20世纪。James Joyce是爱尔兰小说家，是“意识流”派(Stream of Consciousness)的奠基人，代表作有Ulysses(尤利西斯)，A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man(一个青年艺术家的肖像)，Finnegans Wake(芬尼根守灵夜)和短篇小说集Dubliners(都柏林人)。27._ is

42、the effect of language in which the intended meaning is the opposite of what is stated.A. Metaphor B. SimileC. Personification D. Irony（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 文学基本概念Irony(反讽)指使用的语言和想要表达的真实含义相反，以此来达到修辞效果。28.Among the following, _ is NOT one of the functions of adults language according to Halliday.A. the Ideational Function B. the Syntactic FunctionC. the Interpersonal Function D. the Textual Function（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 语言学家代表理论询问哪一项不属于Halliday所定义的成人语言的功能。Halliday是Systematic-functional Grammar(系统功能语法)的创始人。根据他的理论，语言有三个功能，即Ideational Function(概念功能)，Interp