1、专业英语四级（完形填空）-试卷238及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY.（分数：20.00）_A. official B. focused C. commonly D. economical E.
2、 surgeries F. discount G. fueling H. in I. confirms J. economic K. ordinarily L. earn M. confess N. diseases O. casual Internet data shows that American younger adults have become the primary group mad about altering their personal appearance. Once the realm of the well-to-do female 1 her fifties, p
3、lastic surgery has become the attraction of the least rich segment of younger Internet users. Search data 2 this phenomenon. One of the most popular sites visited from the search term plastic surgery is the 3 site of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. Over 25% of visitors to the site fell wit
4、hin the 18- to 24-year-old demographic(特定年龄段的人群)thats up from 19.6% two years ago. Looking at other health related sites visited by 18- to 24-year-olds, reveals just how mad this age group is about appearance. Unlike their older counterparts who visit sites related to 4 and keeping healthy, younger
5、Internet users flock to sites that dwell on personal appearance, such as those 5 on bodybuilding, weight loss and skincare. And definitely plastic surgery. But if we track the trend in searches on topics such as breast implants or plastic surgery, there has been a steep decline in all plastic surger
6、y topics over the last year. Whats 6 this downturn? It may very well be related to the failing U.S. economy and the predominant income group of visitors to cosmetic surgery sitesU.S. households that 7 less than $30,000 per year. In fact, if we look at the search patterns around popular surgeries, ov
7、er the last year the term cost is the most 8 appearing qualifier(限定词). We see more searches such as breast implant cost and plastic surgery cost. While older demographics continue to search for information on procedures such as face-lifts, its the younger Internet users who in tough 9 times are focu
8、sing on improving their outer beauty, although at a(n) 10 price.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_A. equipment B. maintain C. for example D. contact E. contrast F. gained G. natural H. expend I. unique J. marched K. active L. such as M. compelled N. shape O. instr
9、ument In Europe, there has been a serious decline in physical activity over the past 50 years. Adults aged 20-60 years 1 500kcal less energy per day than they did 50 years ago. This is the equivalent to the running of a marathon each week. Even rates of participation in walking and cycling are decli
10、ning. All of which suggests we should be 2 to the nearest gym. But the green policies of these establishments tend to be pretty disappointing: factor in air-conditioning, laundering of towels, energy-consuming exercise 3 and the fact that 90% of exercisers drive to the gym. British Military Fitness,
11、 the UKs leading outdoor fitness provider, offers a programme of nationwide classes in parks, and on common lands, in the 4 of its Gym Intervention programme. The organisation advocates not just the fitness benefits of working out outside, but our need to spend time in the great outdoors to 5 overal
12、l mental and physical wellbeing. Group activity is declining as fast as our fitness rates, so the complete moral workout doesnt merely assess the greenness of the equipment, but also the social capital to be 6 by joining in. It also pays to start early. Children urgently need to become more 7, and y
13、et according to Natural England, a public body that encourages people to enjoy their natural surroundings, the amount of time and 8 children have with nature is declining; fewer than 10% now play in natural places 9 woodlands, countryside and common land compared with 40% of children 40 years ago. R
14、esearch shows that children who are introduced to nature will continue to visit 10 landscapes in adulthood and be committed to retaining them.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_A. published B. demonstrate C. cut off D. studied E. investigated F. staff G. surveyed H
15、. so I. provided J. illustrate K. reduce L. ahead M. equip N. such O. recruit Evidence of the benefits that volunteering can bring older people continues to roll in. Volunteers have improved physical and social functioning, said Fengyan Tang, an assistant professor at the University of Pittsburgh Sc
16、hool of Social Work, who has 1 older volunteers. They report better well-being and greater life satisfaction. Theres a reduced risk of death compared to non-volunteers. It was reported a few weeks back on a public school program whose volunteers, in a small-scale initial study, appeared to 2 their r
17、isk of cognitive(认知的)decline. But were also learning that not all volunteering is created equal. In Dr. Tangs most recent study 3in The Gerontologist, she 4 207 volunteers(average age: 72)who spent on average six hours a week on programs providing 5 services as preparing meals or teaching computer s
18、kills. The results 6 how important the programs organization and administration can be. Volunteers reported greater socioemotional benefitsa sense of having made important contributions, feelings of enhanced well-beingwhen the programs 7 greater organizational support. Whats organizational support?
19、Thoughtfully matching volunteers with jobs that interest them. Offering training so that volunteers feel familiar with the work environment, the 8, the task, the possible challenges 9. Making volunteering more convenient for older people by providing parking or transportation, even small stipends(薪金
20、). Recognizing their efforts with events or awards. Organizational support is more important than the individual characteristics of the volunteer, in terms of longer participation and greater benefit, Dr. Tang said. Seniors and families looking for engaging volunteer opportunities, and programs hopi
21、ng to 10 and retain older volunteers, take note.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_A. differently B. ensures C. unusual D. prohibit E. fairly F. In return G. resulted H. exempt I. assures J. especially K. lazy L. reluctant M. In turn N. negotiate O. right Usually i
22、t is the children, not the parents, who are unwilling to spend their evenings practising spelling and learning times tables. But a Canadian couple has just won a legal battle to 1 their offspring from homework after successfully arguing there is no clear evidence it improves academic performance. Sh
23、elli and Tom Milley, two lawyers from Calgary, Alberta, launched their highly 2 case after years of struggling to make their three 3 children do school work out of the classroom. After waging a long war with their eldest son over his homework, they decided to do things 4 with their youngest two. And
24、 being lawyers, they decided to make it official. It took two years to 5 the Milleys Differentiated Homework Plan, which 6 their youngest two children will never have to do homework again at their current school. The two-page plan, signed by the children, parents and teachers, states that homework w
25、ill not be used as a form of evaluation for the children. 7, the pupils promise to get their work done in class, to come to school prepared, and to revise for tests. Two years ago, Shelli began collecting studies on homework, most of which suggest that, 8 for younger grades, there is no clear link b
26、etween work at home and school performance. Working with the staff at St Brigid Elementary/Junior High School, she formed a homework committee. When no firm changes 9 from the committee, the couple began negotiating the legal document that decided the matter. We think its a parents 10 to choose what
27、s in our childrens best interests, said Shelli. But were thankful the school did the right thing.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_专业英语四级（完形填空）-试卷238答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below w
28、ould best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY.（分数：20.00）_解析：A. official B. focused C. commonly D. economical E. surgeries F. discount G. fueling H. in I. confirms J. economic K. ordinarily L. earn M. confess N. diseases O. casual Internet dat
29、a shows that American younger adults have become the primary group mad about altering their personal appearance. Once the realm of the well-to-do female 1 her fifties, plastic surgery has become the attraction of the least rich segment of younger Internet users. Search data 2 this phenomenon. One of
30、 the most popular sites visited from the search term plastic surgery is the 3 site of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. Over 25% of visitors to the site fell within the 18- to 24-year-old demographic(特定年龄段的人群)thats up from 19.6% two years ago. Looking at other health related sites visited by
31、 18- to 24-year-olds, reveals just how mad this age group is about appearance. Unlike their older counterparts who visit sites related to 4 and keeping healthy, younger Internet users flock to sites that dwell on personal appearance, such as those 5 on bodybuilding, weight loss and skincare. And def
32、initely plastic surgery. But if we track the trend in searches on topics such as breast implants or plastic surgery, there has been a steep decline in all plastic surgery topics over the last year. Whats 6 this downturn? It may very well be related to the failing U.S. economy and the predominant inc
33、ome group of visitors to cosmetic surgery sitesU.S. households that 7 less than $30,000 per year. In fact, if we look at the search patterns around popular surgeries, over the last year the term cost is the most 8 appearing qualifier(限定词). We see more searches such as breast implant cost and plastic
34、 surgery cost. While older demographics continue to search for information on procedures such as face-lifts, its the younger Internet users who in tough 9 times are focusing on improving their outer beauty, although at a(n) 10 price.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：H）填空项1:_（正确答案：I）填空项1:_（正确答案：A）填空项1:_（正确答案：N）填
35、空项1:_（正确答案：B）填空项1:_（正确答案：G）填空项1:_（正确答案：L）填空项1:_（正确答案：C）填空项1:_（正确答案：J）填空项1:_（正确答案：F）解析：解析：空格前为a(n)，空格后为名词price，空格处修饰price，推断可能需填形容词、名词或分词。上文讲到经济衰退以及年轻网民非常关注成本，可知即使要改善外貌，人们也会选择一种尽可能低廉的方式。词库中的discount折扣”代入后符合该处语境。A. equipment B. maintain C. for example D. contact E. contrast F. gained G. natural H. exp
36、end I. unique J. marched K. active L. such as M. compelled N. shape O. instrument In Europe, there has been a serious decline in physical activity over the past 50 years. Adults aged 20-60 years 1 500kcal less energy per day than they did 50 years ago. This is the equivalent to the running of a mara
37、thon each week. Even rates of participation in walking and cycling are declining. All of which suggests we should be 2 to the nearest gym. But the green policies of these establishments tend to be pretty disappointing: factor in air-conditioning, laundering of towels, energy-consuming exercise 3 and
38、 the fact that 90% of exercisers drive to the gym. British Military Fitness, the UKs leading outdoor fitness provider, offers a programme of nationwide classes in parks, and on common lands, in the 4 of its Gym Intervention programme. The organisation advocates not just the fitness benefits of worki
39、ng out outside, but our need to spend time in the great outdoors to 5 overall mental and physical wellbeing. Group activity is declining as fast as our fitness rates, so the complete moral workout doesnt merely assess the greenness of the equipment, but also the social capital to be 6 by joining in.
40、 It also pays to start early. Children urgently need to become more 7, and yet according to Natural England, a public body that encourages people to enjoy their natural surroundings, the amount of time and 8 children have with nature is declining; fewer than 10% now play in natural places 9 woodland
41、s, countryside and common land compared with 40% of children 40 years ago. Research shows that children who are introduced to nature will continue to visit 10 landscapes in adulthood and be committed to retaining them.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：H）填空项1:_（正确答案：J）填空项1:_（正确答案：A）填空项1:_（正确答案：N）填空项1:_（正确答案：B）填空
42、项1:_（正确答案：F）填空项1:_（正确答案：K）填空项1:_（正确答案：D）填空项1:_（正确答案：L）填空项1:_（正确答案：G）解析：解析：空格应填入形容词，修饰名词landscape“风景”。在自然环境中，对应的就是自然风景，所以选natural“自然的”。A. published B. demonstrate C. cut off D. studied E. investigated F. staff G. surveyed H. so I. provided J. illustrate K. reduce L. ahead M. equip N. such O. recruit
43、Evidence of the benefits that volunteering can bring older people continues to roll in. Volunteers have improved physical and social functioning, said Fengyan Tang, an assistant professor at the University of Pittsburgh School of Social Work, who has 1 older volunteers. They report better well-being
44、 and greater life satisfaction. Theres a reduced risk of death compared to non-volunteers. It was reported a few weeks back on a public school program whose volunteers, in a small-scale initial study, appeared to 2 their risk of cognitive(认知的)decline. But were also learning that not all volunteering
45、 is created equal. In Dr. Tangs most recent study 3in The Gerontologist, she 4 207 volunteers(average age: 72)who spent on average six hours a week on programs providing 5 services as preparing meals or teaching computer skills. The results 6 how important the programs organization and administration can be. Volunteers reported greater soci
