1、专业英语四级-38及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、完形填空(总题数：3，分数：100.00)A persons home is as much a reflection of his personality as the clothes he wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time. Depending on personality, most have in mind a(n) 1 home. But in general, and especially for the
2、 student or new wage earners, there are practical 2 of cash and location on achieving that idea. Cash 3 , in fact, often means that the only way of 4 when you leave school is to stay at home for a while until things 5 financially. There are obvious 6 of living at homepersonal laundry is usually 7 do
3、ne along with the family wash; meals are provided and there will be a well-established circle of friends to 8 . And there is 9 the responsibility for paying bills, rates, etc. On the other hand, 10 depends on how a family gets on. Do your parents like your friends? You may love your family 11 do you
4、 like them? Are you prepared to be 12 when your parents ask where you are going in the evening and what time you expect to be back? If you find that you cannot manage a(n) 13 , and that you finally have the money to leave, how do you 14 finding somewhere else to live? If you plan to stay in your hom
5、e area, the possibilities are 15 well-known to you already. Friends and the local paper are always 16 . If you are going to work in a 17 area, again there are the papersand the accommodation agencies, 18 these should be approached with 19 . Agencies are allowed to charge a fee, usually the 20 of the
6、 first weeks rent, if you take accommodation they have found for you.（分数：40.00）A.idealB.perfectC.imaginaryD.satisfactoryA.deficienciesB.weaknessesC.insufficienciesD.limitationsA.cutB.shortageC.lackD.drainA.getting overB.getting inC.getting backD.getting alongA.improveB.enhanceC.developD.proceedA.con
7、cernsB.issuesC.advantagesD.problemsA.stillB.alwaysC.habituallyD.consequentlyA.call inB.call overC.call uponD.call outA.alwaysB.rarelyC.littleD.sometimesA.littleB.enoughC.manyD.muchA.andB.butC.stillD.orA.tolerantB.hostileC.indifferentD.good-temperedA.agreementB.consensusC.compromiseD.dealA.go aboutB.
8、go overC.go in forD.go throughA.seldomB.lessC.probablyD.certainlyA.dependentB.a good source of informationC.of great valueD.reliableA.familiarB.coldC.humidD.newA.thoughB.whileC.sinceD.asA.enthusiasmB.hesitationC.cautionD.concernA.sameB.equivalentC.equalD.similaritySince 1895 the National Trust has w
9、orked for the preservation of places of historic 21 and natural beauty in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Today the Trust 22 is not a government department 23 a charity depending on the 24 support of the public and its own membersis the largest landowner and conservation society in Britain. Whe
10、rever you go, you are close to land that is protected and 25 by the National Trust. Over 100 miles of 26 land, lakes and forests in one area of natural beauty 27 ; prehistoric and Roman ruins; moorlands and farmland, woods and islands; lengths of 28 waterways; even seventeen whole villagesall are op
11、en to the public at all times subject only 29 the needs of farming, forestry and the protection of wildlife. But the Trusts protection 30 further than this. It has in its possession a hundred gardens and 31 two hundred historic buildings 32 it opens to paying visitors. Castles and churches, houses o
12、f 33 or historic importance, mills, gardens and parks 34 to the Trust by their former owners. Many houses retain their 35 contents of fine furniture, pictures, and other treasures accumulated over 36 , and often the donor himself continues to live in part of the house as a 37 of the National Trust.
13、The walking-sticks in the hall, the flowers, silver-framed photographs, books and papers in the rooms are 38 that the house is still loved and 39 and that visitors are welcomed 40 private individuals just as much as tourists.（分数：40.00）A.cultureB.valueC.identityD.interestA.itB.whichC.thisD.whether it
14、A.ratherB.butC.rather thanD.other thanA.deliberateB.compulsoryC.spontaneousD.voluntaryA.maintainedB.watchedC.renewedD.unusedA.unusedB.undevelopedC.unwantedD.unspoiltA.besidesB.nearbyC.aloneD.beyondA.interiorB.inlandC.insideD.innerA.byB.atC.toD.onA.developsB.extendsC.enlargesD.prolongsA.someB.nearbyC
15、.on averageD.moreA.thatB.whatC.whereD.thoseA.architecturalB.archetypeC.architectureD.archaeologyA.are givingB.have givenC.been givenD.have been givenA.primitiveB.initialC.elementaryD.originalA.timesB.generationsC.yearsD.age groupsA.residentB.dwellerC.tenantD.housekeeperA.marksB.signalsC.signsD.symbo
16、lsA.lived inB.kept overC.resided withD.taken upA.forB.asC.onD.inUnlike most sports, which evolved over time from street games, basketball was designed by one man to 41 a particular purpose. The man was Dr. James Naismith, and his purpose was to invent a vigorous game that could be played 42 in the w
17、inter. In 1891, Naismith was an instructor at a training school, which trained physical education instructors for the YMCAs. That year the school was trying 43 up with a physical activity that the men could enjoy 44 the football and baseball seasons. None of the standard indoor activities 45 their i
18、nterest for long. Naismith was asked to solve the problem by the school. He first tried to 46 some of the popular outdoor sports, but they were all too 47 The men were getting bruised from tackling each other and 48 hit with equipment. So, Naismith decided to invent a game 49 would incorporate the m
19、ost common elements of outdoor team sports without having the real physical contact. Most popular sports used a ball. So he chose a soccer ball because it was soft and large enough that it 50 no equipment, such as a bat or a racket to hit it. Next he decided 51 an elevated goal, so that scoring woul
20、d depend on skill and accuracy rather than on 52 only. His goals were two peach baskets, 53 to ten-foot-high balconies at 54 end of the gym. The basic 55 of the game was to throw the ball into the basket. Naismith wrote rules for the game, 56 of which, though with some small changes, are still 57 ef
21、fect. Basketball was an immediate success. The students 58 it to their friends, and the new sport quickly 59 on. Today, basketball is one of the most popular games 60 the world.（分数：20.00）A.regulateB.adjustC.suitD.mediateA.insideB.outsideC.outdoorsD.indoorsA.to have comeB.comingC.comeD.to comeA.betwe
22、enB.duringC.whenD.forA.rousedB.heldC.hadD.wereA.imitateB.adoptC.adaptD.renovateA.roughB.toughC.stuffyD.rudeA.beingB.to beC.beenD.wereA.whatB.thatC.whereD./A.requestedB.usedC.requiredD.tookA.onB.toC.ofD.withA.powerB.strengthC.forceD.mightA.fixedB.fixingC.that fixedD.which fixedA.eitherB.eachC.bothD.n
23、eitherA.methodsB.rulesC.wayD.ideaA.fewB.muchC.manyD.littleA.withB.inC.onD.forA.definedB.spreadC.taughtD.discussedA.wentB.tookC.putD.caughtA.ofB.throughoutC.amongD.through专业英语四级-38答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、完形填空(总题数：3，分数：100.00)A persons home is as much a reflection of his personality as the clothes
24、 he wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time. Depending on personality, most have in mind a(n) 1 home. But in general, and especially for the student or new wage earners, there are practical 2 of cash and location on achieving that idea. Cash 3 , in fact, often means that
25、 the only way of 4 when you leave school is to stay at home for a while until things 5 financially. There are obvious 6 of living at homepersonal laundry is usually 7 done along with the family wash; meals are provided and there will be a well-established circle of friends to 8 . And there is 9 the
26、responsibility for paying bills, rates, etc. On the other hand, 10 depends on how a family gets on. Do your parents like your friends? You may love your family 11 do you like them? Are you prepared to be 12 when your parents ask where you are going in the evening and what time you expect to be back?
27、 If you find that you cannot manage a(n) 13 , and that you finally have the money to leave, how do you 14 finding somewhere else to live? If you plan to stay in your home area, the possibilities are 15 well-known to you already. Friends and the local paper are always 16 . If you are going to work in
28、 a 17 area, again there are the papersand the accommodation agencies, 18 these should be approached with 19 . Agencies are allowed to charge a fee, usually the 20 of the first weeks rent, if you take accommodation they have found for you.（分数：40.00）A.idealB.perfectC.imaginaryD.satisfactory解析：解析 上一句提到
29、“家反映出一个人的个性”，因此推断个性不同的人，在心里对家的需求不一样，即“理想不一样”，ideal意为“理想”，故选A。perfect“完美的”：imaginary“想象的”；satisfactory“令人满意的”与“个性”关系不大。A.deficienciesB.weaknessesC.insufficienciesD.limitations解析：解析 四个选项中，只有limitations可同时和cash以及location搭配，表示“钱财和地理位置方面的限制”。deficiencies“缺乏”和insufficiencies“不足”不能与location搭配；weakness“弱点”一
30、般指人不指物。A.cutB.shortageC.lackD.drain解析：解析 由下文的“离校后，唯一的办法只能是住在家里”，推断此处表示“缺钱”，cash shortage“缺钱”符合句意。“缺钱”可用lack of cash表达，不能用cash lack；cash cut“削减资金”；cash drain“资金耗尽”。A.getting overB.getting inC.getting backD.getting along解析：解析 本句是讲“缺钱的话，离校后只有住在家里，生活才能凑合过去”。get along表示“应付过去”，符合语义。get over“克服”后面需带宾语；get
31、in“到达”；get back“返回”。A.improveB.enhanceC.developD.proceed解析：解析 结合选项，推断此处表示“直到经济状况好转”，improve表达“好转”符合句意。enhance“提高”为及物动词，后面需跟宾语；develop“发展”；proceed“进行”。A.concernsB.issuesC.advantagesD.problems解析：解析 从下文的“衣服可以全家一起洗，饭菜有人提供”，可以看出这一句是讲“住在家里的好处”，因此选C。A.stillB.alwaysC.habituallyD.consequently解析：解析 常识告诉我们，衣物不
32、分彼此一起洗是家里常规的做法，故选habitually“习惯地”。consequently“因此”；still“仍然”；always与句中usually意思重复。A.call inB.call overC.call uponD.call out解析：解析 此处意为“还有固定的朋友圈可以_”，空格填入“拜访”合乎逻辑，因此call upon“拜访”符合句意。call in也有“拜访”的意思，但后不能直接跟宾语，需用call in on sb.。A.alwaysB.rarelyC.littleD.sometimes解析：解析 由And可知，这一句仍是讲住在家里的好处，因此推断此处表示“几乎没有什么
33、支付费用的责任”，rarely“很少”符合语义。little也表否定，但它修饰名词时，名词前的the须去掉。A.littleB.enoughC.manyD.much解析：解析 由下文的“你家人喜欢你的朋友吗?”等内容，可以推测“家人相处得如何是很重要的”，结合空格后的depends的三单形式，much“很多方面”符合句意。A.andB.butC.stillD.or解析：解析 此处意为“你可能爱你的家人，_你喜欢他们的行为方式吗?”，前后存在转折，故选but。A.tolerantB.hostileC.indifferentD.good-tempered解析：解析 此处表示“准备如何应对父母的盘问
34、”，所选的应是行为反应，四个选项中tolerant“容忍”的动作性最强，故选A。good-tempered“好脾气的”；hostile“敌对的”；indifferent“冷漠的”。A.agreementB.consensusC.compromiseD.deal解析：解析 四个选项都有“协商一致”的意思，但具体到家庭成员中，更多的是彼此作出妥协，故应选C。agreement指“意见统一”；consensus“普遍共识”；deal“协议”。A.go aboutB.go overC.go in forD.go through解析：解析 此处意为“你如何_寻找其它住处?”，go about“着手做”代
35、入空格，句意通顺。go over“检查”；go in for“参加”；go through“检查；经历”。A.seldomB.lessC.probablyD.certainly解析：解析 根据常识，待在本地很容易获取各种房源信息。此处需填表示“可能性大”的词，此外本句由if引导，表推测语气，probably更符合逻辑。certainly“必定”不表推测。A.dependentB.a good source of informationC.of great valueD.reliable解析：解析 这一句揭示了房源消息的来源是朋友和当地报纸，只有a good source of informat
36、ion把意思表达得最清楚。A.familiarB.coldC.humidD.new解析：解析 此处再次用if，引出的应是跟上文的“待在本地”不同的情况，即“去外地，去一个陌生的新地方”，故只能选new。A.thoughB.whileC.sinceD.as解析：解析 此处意为“在外地你仍然可以找到报纸和房屋中介，只不过要多加小心”，故应选表“转折让步”的词，though符合语境。while也可表示转折，但一般用于同等两物间的对比。A.enthusiasmB.hesitationC.cautionD.concern解析：解析 本句的意思是“通过房屋中介找房的时候要小心谨慎”，with cautio
37、n“慎重”符合句意。enthusiasm“热情”；hesitation“犹豫”；concern“关注；忧虑”。A.sameB.equivalentC.equalD.similarity解析：解析 结合选项，可知此处要表达“中介费相当于第一周的租金”，equivalent，“等价物”符合句意。equal指“在能力、地位等方面同等的人”；same强调“同一事物”；similarity“相似性”。Since 1895 the National Trust has worked for the preservation of places of historic 21 and natural beau
38、ty in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Today the Trust 22 is not a government department 23 a charity depending on the 24 support of the public and its own membersis the largest landowner and conservation society in Britain. Wherever you go, you are close to land that is protected and 25 by the
39、National Trust. Over 100 miles of 26 land, lakes and forests in one area of natural beauty 27 ; prehistoric and Roman ruins; moorlands and farmland, woods and islands; lengths of 28 waterways; even seventeen whole villagesall are open to the public at all times subject only 29 the needs of farming,
40、forestry and the protection of wildlife. But the Trusts protection 30 further than this. It has in its possession a hundred gardens and 31 two hundred historic buildings 32 it opens to paying visitors. Castles and churches, houses of 33 or historic importance, mills, gardens and parks 34 to the Trus
41、t by their former owners. Many houses retain their 35 contents of fine furniture, pictures, and other treasures accumulated over 36 , and often the donor himself continues to live in part of the house as a 37 of the National Trust. The walking-sticks in the hall, the flowers, silver-framed photograp
42、hs, books and papers in the rooms are 38 that the house is still loved and 39 and that visitors are welcomed 40 private individuals just as much as tourists.（分数：40.00）A.cultureB.valueC.identityD.interest解析：解析 place of historic interest为固定搭配，表示“历史名胜”。culture“文化”；value“价值”；identity“身份”。A.itB.whichC.th
43、isD.whether it解析：解析 分析句子结构，两个破折号之间为非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the Trust，引导词在从句中作主语，which符合要求，故选B。A.ratherB.butC.rather thanD.other than解析：解析 not.but.为固定搭配，表示“不是而是”，此处指“国家文物信托基金会不是一个政府部门，而是一个慈善机构”。A.deliberateB.compulsoryC.spontaneousD.voluntary解析：解析 the Trust是慈善机构，慈善机构的资金来源一般都是来自自愿的捐赠，故voluntary正确。spontaneous较有干
44、扰，指“一时冲动的，自发的”，强调因自然本能而非外部刺激下做出的举动。deliberate“故意的”和compulsory“强制性的”均不符合慈善机构的性质特点。A.maintainedB.watchedC.renewedD.unused解析：解析 空格处跟protected(保护)并列，因此推断空格处填入的词与之含义相近，maintain表示“养护”，符合语义，故选A。watch“监视”；renew“更新”；repair“修理”。A.unusedB.undevelopedC.unwantedD.unspoilt解析：解析 上一句提到，基金会的作用就是保护这片土地，因此推断这片土地是“未被破坏
45、的”(unspoilt)，故选D。unused“未被使用过的”；undeveloped“发展不充分的”；unwanted“不需要的”。A.besidesB.nearbyC.aloneD.beyond解析：解析 alone意为“单独，仅仅”，与句中in one area of natural beauty里的one对应，起到强调作用，表示“仅在一个自然风景区里”。A.interiorB.inlandC.insideD.inner解析：解析 inland表示“内陆的”，这里与waterways连用，表示“内陆航道”，因此B选项为正确答案。interior表示“内部的”，用于地理方面时，表示“最远离海岸的内陆”；inside“内部”和inner“内部的”均不能跟waterways连用。A.byB.atC.toD.on解析：解析 subject to为固定搭配，表示“受支配”。A.developsB.extendsC.enlargesD.prolongs解析：解析 此处意
