1、专业英语四级-163及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：4，分数：100.00)Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earths surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number 1 as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years
2、. Near the surface earthquakes may run as 2 as 100 in a month, but the yearly average does not vary much. The 3 of the disaster in an earthquake depends on many factors. If you carefully build a toy house with an erect set, it will still stand no matter how 4 you shake the table. But if you build a
3、toy house with a(n) 5 of cards, a slight shake of the table will make it fall. An earthquake in Agadir, Morocco, was not strong enough to be recorded on distant instruments, but it completely destroyed the city. Many stronger earthquakes have done comparatively. 6 damage. If a building is well const
4、ructed and built on solid ground, it will 7 an earthquake. Most deaths in earthquakes have been due to faulty building construction or poor building. 8 . A third and very serious factor is panic. When people rush out into narrow streets, more deaths will result. The United Nations has played an impo
5、rtant part in reducing the damage done by earthquakes. It has sent a team of experts to all countries known to be 9 . by earthquakes. Working with local geologists and engineers, the experts have studied the nature of the ground and the type of most practical building code for the local area. If 10
6、, these suggestions will make disastrous earthquakes almost a thing of the past. A. strongly B. sites C. high D. extent E. pile E violently G. followed H. decreases I. effected J. resist K. pack L. affected M. lessens N. subsist O. little（分数：25.00）Abraham Lincoln turns 200 in 2009, and hes beginning
7、 to show his age. When his birthday arrives, on February 12, Congress will hold a special joint session in the Capitols National Statuary Hall, a wreath will be laid at the great memorial in Washington, and a(n) 11 will link school classrooms for a teach-in 12 his memory. Admirable as they are, thou
8、gh, the events will strike many of us Lincoln fans as 13 , even halfhearted, and another sign that our appreciation for the 16th president and his 14 achievements is slipping away. And you dont have to be a Lincoln enthusiast to believe that this is something we cant afford to lose. Compare this yea
9、rs celebration with the Lincoln 15 , in 1909. That year, Lincolns likeness 16 its debut on the penny, thanks to approval from the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury. Communities and 17 associations in every comer of the country erupted in parades, concerts, balls, lectures, and military displays. We sti
10、ll feel the effects today: The momentum unloosed in 1909 led to the Lincoln Memorial, opened in 1922, and the Lincoln Highway, the first paved transcontinental thoroughfare. The celebrants in 1909 had a few 18 we lack today. Lincolns presidency was still a 19 memory for countless Americans. In 2009
11、we are farther in time from the end of the Second World War than they were from the Civil War; families still felt the loss of loved ones from that awful national trauma. But Americans in 1909 had something more: an unembarrassed appreciation for heroes and a(n) 20 sense of the way that even long-de
12、ad historical figures press in on the present and make us who we are. Atook Binadequate Creviving Dalert Einspirations Fmade Gcivic H1iving Icentury Jtowering Kcentennial Lwebcast Mhonoring Nadvantage Oacute（分数：25.00）In 2014, many shoppers opted to avoid the 21 crowds and do their holiday shopping f
13、rom the comfort of their computer. Sales at online retailers gained by more than 15%. But people are also returning those purchases at record rates, up 8% from last year. What went wrong? Is the 22 shadow of the global financial crisis making it harder to accept extravagant indulgences? Or do people
14、 shop more 23 and therefore make bad decisionswhen online? Both arguments are plausible. However, there is a third factor: a question of touch. We can love the look but, in an online environment, we cannot feel the quality of a texture, the shape of the fit or the weight of an earring. And 24 intera
15、cting with an object makes you more committed to your purchase. When my book brandwashed was released, I conducted an experiment about the differences between the online and offline shopping. I carefully instructed a group of volunteers to promote my book in two different ways. The first was a 25 ha
16、nds-off approach. Whenever a customer would inquire about my book, the volunteer would take them over to the shelf and point to it. Out of 20 such requests, six customers 26 with the purchase. The second option also 27 going over to the shelf but, this time, removing the book and then subtly 28 onto
17、 it for just an extra moment before placing it in the customers hands. Of the 20 people who were handed the book, 13 29 up buying it. Just physically passing the book showed a big difference in sales. Why? We feel something similar to a sense of 30 when we hold things in our hand. In this case, havi
18、ng to then let go of the book after holding it might generate a subtle sense of loss, and motivate us to make the purchase even more. Aproceeded Brandomly Cownership Dimpulsively Eended Efulfillment Gfairly Hfrenetic Ipreceded Jholding Kphysically L1ingering Mexcited Ninvolved Ohanding（分数：25.00）Cert
19、ainly no creature in the sea is odder than the common sea cucumber. All living creature, especially human beings, have their 31 , but everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that, among other 32 , eats mud, feeds almost continuously day an
20、d night but can live without eating for long periods, and can be poisonous but is considered 33 edible by gourmets? For some fifty million years, despite all its eccentricities, the sea cucumber has 34 on its diet of mud. It is 35 enough to live attached to rocks by its tube feet, under rocks in sha
21、llow water, or on the surface of mud flats. Common in cool water on both Atlantic and Pacific shores, it has the ability to suck up mud or sand and digest whatever 36 are present. Sea cucumbers come in a variety of colors, ranging from black to reddish brown to sand color and nearly white. One form
22、even has vivid purple tentacles. Usually the creatures are cucumber shapedhence their nameand because they are typically rock inhabitants, this shape, 37 with flexibility, enables them to squeeze into crevices where they are safe from 38 and ocean currents. The most 39 thing about the sea cucumber i
23、s the way it 40 itself. Its major enemies are fish and crabs. When attacked, it squirts all its internal organs into water. It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles. The sea cucumber will remove its organs and regenerate itself if it is attacked or even touched; it will do the same if
24、 the surrounding water temperature is too high or if the water becomes too polluted. A. nutrients B. spectacular C. peculiarities D. adoptable E. defends F. eccentricities G. exactly H. predators I. hides J. adaptable K. subsisted L. nourishment M. combined N. preys O. supremely（分数：25.00）专业英语四级-163答
25、案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：4，分数：100.00)Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earths surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number 1 as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. Near the s
26、urface earthquakes may run as 2 as 100 in a month, but the yearly average does not vary much. The 3 of the disaster in an earthquake depends on many factors. If you carefully build a toy house with an erect set, it will still stand no matter how 4 you shake the table. But if you build a toy house wi
27、th a(n) 5 of cards, a slight shake of the table will make it fall. An earthquake in Agadir, Morocco, was not strong enough to be recorded on distant instruments, but it completely destroyed the city. Many stronger earthquakes have done comparatively. 6 damage. If a building is well constructed and b
28、uilt on solid ground, it will 7 an earthquake. Most deaths in earthquakes have been due to faulty building construction or poor building. 8 . A third and very serious factor is panic. When people rush out into narrow streets, more deaths will result. The United Nations has played an important part i
29、n reducing the damage done by earthquakes. It has sent a team of experts to all countries known to be 9 . by earthquakes. Working with local geologists and engineers, the experts have studied the nature of the ground and the type of most practical building code for the local area. If 10 , these sugg
30、estions will make disastrous earthquakes almost a thing of the past. A. strongly B. sites C. high D. extent E. pile E violently G. followed H. decreases I. effected J. resist K. pack L. affected M. lessens N. subsist O. little（分数：25.00）解析：Hdecreases解析 上下文题及词义辨析题。根据词性，此处应当填入动词。根据下文“地底460英里处几年才发生一次地震，
31、而接近地表处可能一个月就发生100次”，可见越深入地底，地震次数越少。可选范围为“decreases, lessens”，而lessen的意思是“减轻”，比如说“减轻痛苦，减轻疼痛，减轻影响”；decrease的意思是量上的减少，客观的。故选decrease。解析：Chigh解析 词组固定搭配题。根据词性，此处应当填入副词。此处表示数量之大，频率之高。习惯用法The number runs as high as .“数量可以高达”。解析：Dextent解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入名词。此句为本段中心句，统领整个段落。根据下文提到了三个影响地震中死亡人数的主要因素可见，此处指灾难的伤亡
32、程度，故选extent“范围，程度”。解析：Fviolently解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处应当填入副词。此处文意为无论多用力摇晃桌子，玩具房都不会倒塌。此题考查strongly与violently的区别。how指方式：how strongly强调“(无论)多强烈(往往指感情强烈)”；how violently“(无论)多用力”。故此处选violently。解析：Kpack解析 词组固定搭配题。根据词性，此处应当填入名词。此题主要考查pack和pile的习惯搭配。a pack of cards“一沓牌”；a pile of books/laundry/wood“一堆书/洗的衣物/木头”。故
33、选pack。解析：Olittle解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词。上文指出“An earthquake in Agadir, Morocco, was not strong enough to be recorded on distant instruments, but it completely destroyed the city.”此处与上文形成对比，意为“许多强度更大的地震造成的灾害却相对较小”。故选little。解析：Jresist解析 形近词辨析。根据词性，此处应当填入动词。根据上下文可推测此处为“抗震”。应当选择resist“不受(某事物)的损害或影响；抗；耐”。选
34、项中有一个混淆项subsist，词形相近，但意义截然不同，表示“(尤指极少的食物或金钱)维持生活；生存”；persist“坚持；执意”。解析：Bsites解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入名词。上文提到“If a building is well constructed and built on solid ground, it will resist an earthquake”，此处与上文相对，faulty building对应a building is well constructed，空格处对应solid ground，故选poor site。解析：Laffected解析 词义辨析
35、题。根据词性，此处应当填入动词被动式。此处表示受到地震影响的国家。affect和effect作为动词，都含“影响”的意思。affect指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”，着重“影响”的动作，有时含有“对产生不利影响”的意思，如：This article will affect my thinking.这篇文章将会影响我的思想。effect指“实现、达成”，着重“造成”一种特殊的效果，如：This book effected a change in my opinion.这本书使我的看法起了变化。解析：Gfollowed解析 语法题。此处为省略句，根据省略句主语与主句主语一致原则，还原后为“if
36、these suggestions .”，故此处应当采用过去分词形式，表示被动。在可选范围内，只有follow可以与suggestion形成合理搭配，故选择followed。Abraham Lincoln turns 200 in 2009, and hes beginning to show his age. When his birthday arrives, on February 12, Congress will hold a special joint session in the Capitols National Statuary Hall, a wreath will be
37、laid at the great memorial in Washington, and a(n) 11 will link school classrooms for a teach-in 12 his memory. Admirable as they are, though, the events will strike many of us Lincoln fans as 13 , even halfhearted, and another sign that our appreciation for the 16th president and his 14 achievement
38、s is slipping away. And you dont have to be a Lincoln enthusiast to believe that this is something we cant afford to lose. Compare this years celebration with the Lincoln 15 , in 1909. That year, Lincolns likeness 16 its debut on the penny, thanks to approval from the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury.
39、 Communities and 17 associations in every comer of the country erupted in parades, concerts, balls, lectures, and military displays. We still feel the effects today: The momentum unloosed in 1909 led to the Lincoln Memorial, opened in 1922, and the Lincoln Highway, the first paved transcontinental t
40、horoughfare. The celebrants in 1909 had a few 18 we lack today. Lincolns presidency was still a 19 memory for countless Americans. In 2009 we are farther in time from the end of the Second World War than they were from the Civil War; families still felt the loss of loved ones from that awful nationa
41、l trauma. But Americans in 1909 had something more: an unembarrassed appreciation for heroes and a(n) 20 sense of the way that even long-dead historical figures press in on the present and make us who we are. Atook Binadequate Creviving Dalert Einspirations Fmade Gcivic H1iving Icentury Jtowering Kc
42、entennial Lwebcast Mhonoring Nadvantage Oacute（分数：25.00）解析：Lwebcast解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入名词。根据下文“link school classrooms”可见该名词可以将各个学校的教室连接起来，应当与“连网”相近，故选webcast“网络广播；网络直播”。解析：Mhonoring解析 词组固定搭配题。根据词性，此处应当填入动词的现在分词，构成现在分词短语做后置定语。此处为习惯用法honor the memory of sb.的变体honor ones memory，意为“纪念某人”。解析：Binadequate解析
43、 上下文逻辑题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词做表语。上文采用了让步状语从句“尽管这些活动都是值得赞扬的”，下文应当发生句意转折，尤其下文“even halfhearted”给予了提示，因此空格中应当填入表示不足的形容词，故选择inadequate。解析：Jtowering解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词作定语修饰林肯的成就。在可选范围中表示褒义的形容词有“alert, acute, towering”, alert“警觉的，警惕的；思维敏捷的；活泼的”；acute“敏锐的，敏感的；严重的，剧烈的”；towering“耸立的；高大的，杰出的；强烈的；极度的”，此处修饰成就，故选用t
44、owering。解析：Kcentennial解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入名词。根据上下文可见此处将1909年的林肯纪念活动与2009年的相比较，故此处应当填入名词表示纪念活动。centennial意为“一百周年(纪念)”，而century仅表示一个世纪，100年。故选centennial。解析：Fmade解析 词组固定搭配题。根据词性，此处应当填入动词。此处为习惯用法make ones debut，意为“初次登场，首次露面”。此处文章意思为“那一年，林肯的肖像首次出现在便士上，这得益于美国财政部的批准以及全国各个角落公民联合会举行的各种游行、音乐会、舞会、讲座及阅兵式”。解析：Gci
45、vic解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词。此处文意为“全国各个角落组织举行的各种游行、音乐会、舞会、讲座及阅兵式”，故空格中应当是这些活动的组织者，与community形成并列结构，故选civic“城市的，公民的”，此处表示民间协会。解析：Einspirations解析 语法题。根据词性，此处应当填入名词。此处文意为1909年的纪念活动比之今天要多了些什么，根据a few的提示，这里的名词应当是复数形式，在所有选项中唯一合适的只有inspirations。此处译文为“1909年参加庆典的人拥有不少鼓舞人心之处恰恰是我们今天所缺少的”。解析：Hliving解析 上下文题。根据词性，此处
46、应当填入形容词。根据下文“然而2009年的我们距离二战之末的时间比当时人们距离内战的时间还要久远”，可见1909年时人们的记忆更新鲜、更鲜活，故memory前的修饰词采用living“活的，逼真的”，意为记忆犹新。解析：Oacute解析 词义辨析题。根据词性，此处应当填入形容词，修饰sense。此处文意为“敏锐的意识”，可选范围为“alert, acute”。前者强调警惕性高，后者侧重感觉的敏锐、强烈，此处修饰sense，最佳选择为acute。In 2014, many shoppers opted to avoid the 21 crowds and do their holiday sho
47、pping from the comfort of their computer. Sales at online retailers gained by more than 15%. But people are also returning those purchases at record rates, up 8% from last year. What went wrong? Is the 22 shadow of the global financial crisis making it harder to accept extravagant indulgences? Or do
48、 people shop more 23 and therefore make bad decisionswhen online? Both arguments are plausible. However, there is a third factor: a question of touch. We can love the look but, in an online environment, we cannot feel the quality of a texture, the shape of the fit or the weight of an earring. And 24
49、 interacting with an object makes you more committed to your purchase. When my book brandwashed was released, I conducted an experiment about the differences between the online and offline shopping. I carefully instructed a group of volunteers to promote my book in two different ways. The first was a 25 hands-
