专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-26及答案解析.doc

1、专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-26及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART CLOZE(总题数：1，分数：40.00)The warming of the Earth (1) over the last 100 years will be due to a combination of many factors. Warming due to the increase in greenhouse gases (2) determined so far. (3) , projections of greenhouse warming do not rest on r

2、ecent observations, they come from (4) understanding of the climate system. A (5) of simple and complex computer models (6) over the last 30 years to put together knowledge of many climate processes.(7) to some scientific opinion, current models do a reasonable job of (8) todays climate. The differe

3、nce between summer and winter temperatures, in (9) to change in heating from the Sun, is correctly stimulated to (10) about 0.5 degrees over much of the planet. (11) events provide additional tests of our understanding. For example, the scale and (12) of cooling due to the eruption of Mr. Pinatubo w

4、ere (13) by climate models.When greenhouse gases are increased in climate models, the response is always an increase in average temperatures and water vapor. Models (14) in their result but, in virtually all (15) , doubling the amount of carbon dioxide increase global average temperatures (16) betwe

5、en 1.5 and 4. Why are there some dissenting (17) heard on the science of climate change? (18) it (19) that critics are simply unaware of the depth of the science developed so far.Others are concerned (20) we do not understand everything about the climate system.（分数：40.00）(1).A. observed B. observing

6、 C. to observe D. has been observed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. alone B. lonely C. simply D. really（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. However B. Furthermore C. Therefore D. Besides（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. thorough B. scientific C. individual D. ridiculous（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. range B. kind C. sort D. form（分数：2.00）

7、A.B.C.D.(6).A. has been used B. had been used C. have been used D. has used（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A. Contrast B. Contrary C. Compared D. Comparison（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(8).A. resembling B. translating C. stimulating D. simulating（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(9).A. addition B. proper C. response D. due（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D

8、.(10).A. within B. in C. inside D. with（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(11).A. Current B. Geographical C. Financial D. Natural（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(12).A. lasting B. duration C. continuation D. expansion（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(13).A. directed B. created C. made D. reproduced（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(14).A. differ B. change C. vary

9、D. move（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(15).A. facts B. cases C. reasons D. occasions（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(16).A. by B. with C. of D. within（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(17).A. sounds B. voices C. comments D. studies（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(18).A. In some cases B. In any case C. In no case D. In case of（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(19).A. appears B

10、. realizes C. proves D. shows（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(20).A. when B. although C. if D. because（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.二、PART GRAMMAR AND V(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1.They were pushed into battle _.A. unprepared B. unpreparedlyC. not preparing it D. without preparing it（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.He prefers _.A. to write his letter

11、s rather than dictating themB. to write his letters rather than dictate themC. writing his letters rather than dictate themD. writing his letters rather to dictate them（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.Im sure your suggestion will _ the problem.A. contribute to solving B. be contributed to solveC. contribute to so

12、lve D. be contributed to solving（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.All of the students did not turn up at the party. The meaning of the sentence is:A. Some of the students turned up. B. None of the students turned up.C. All of the students turned up. D. All of the students possibly turned up.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.She

13、asked that she _ allowed to see her son in police custody.A. would be B. could beC. be D. was（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6._ your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work.A. Unless B. Except forC. Not for D. But for（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7._ of milk is left in the refrigerator. You need to bu

14、y _ from the supermarket.A. Some, some B. None, someC. Nothing, any D. Some, none（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.The war broke out _.A. suddenly in 1939 in Poland B. in 1939 suddenly in PolandC. suddenly in Poland in 1939 D. in Poland in 1939 suddenly（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.The city has much more bridges than _ in th

15、e country.A. any city B. any other cityC. all the cities D. other cities（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.That trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasnt bothered by his loudness _ by his lack of talent.A. so much as B. rather thanC. as D. then（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.11.If only I _ how to operate a computer.A. learn

16、ed B. have learnedC. would learn D. had learned（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12.The Chinese Spring Festival has always been a happy time for _.A. us Chinese children B. Chinese children as usC. we Chinese children D. we, Chinese children（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.This model is technically _ its competitors.A. more supe

17、rior than B. superior toC. the most superior to D. less superior than（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.14.Language belongs to each member of society, to the cleaner _ to the professor.A. as far as B. the same asC. as much as D. as long as（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15.He has gone to Beijing, and he would otherwise have come to

18、 visit you then. The possible meaning of the sentence is:A. He has come to visit you. B. He had decided to come to visit you.C. He did not come to visit you. D. He refused to come to visit you.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.16.The enemy launched a sudden _ on the small village last night.A. strike B. attackC. blo

19、w D. beating（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.17.How can you _ your goal if you remain lazy this way?A. finish B. obtainC. attain D. acquire（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.18.The policemen are making an investigation on the spot in a(n) _ to discover proofs of the crime.A. attempt B. tryC. desire D. expectation（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.19.

20、Everybody should take _ of the seriousness of this matter.A. note B. noticeC. attention D. awareness（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.20.These toys are so _ that childrens parents can hardly afford them.A. interesting B. costlyC. amusing D. attractive（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.21.The heros speech was so moving that the _ were

21、 all moved to tears.A. public B. peopleC. mass D. audience（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22.There isnt enough evidence to support your argument. In other words, your argument is _.A. convincing B. adequateC. flimsy D. peculiar（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.Contrary _ public opinion, this area has long been a heaven for all

22、forms of insect life.A. with B. toC. at D. for（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24.Cut off by the storm, they were forced to _ food for several days.A. go in for B. go overC. go without D. go out（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25.During the Second World War, Hitler used _ gas in battlefields. It was an inhuman weapon.A. poisonous

23、B. poisonC. harmful D. dangerous（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.26.Doctors sometimes _ old cures when modern medicine doesnt work.A. fall on B. fall down onC. fall back on D. fall in upon（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27.Does it _ to let little children play with fireworks?A. make clear B. make sureC. make out D. make sense（分数：

24、2.00）A.B.C.D.28.We cant see the cells of muscle with _ eyes.A. bald B. bareC. nude D. naked（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.29.I dislike Tom for he is merely a mean and profit- _ guy.A. merry B. hungryC. cheerful D. pleasant（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.30.Dont worry. The company will _ all your expense.A. satisfy B. meetC. pay

25、 D. submit（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-26答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART CLOZE(总题数：1，分数：40.00)The warming of the Earth (1) over the last 100 years will be due to a combination of many factors. Warming due to the increase in greenhouse gases (2) determined so far. (3) , projections of greenhous

26、e warming do not rest on recent observations, they come from (4) understanding of the climate system. A (5) of simple and complex computer models (6) over the last 30 years to put together knowledge of many climate processes.(7) to some scientific opinion, current models do a reasonable job of (8) t

27、odays climate. The difference between summer and winter temperatures, in (9) to change in heating from the Sun, is correctly stimulated to (10) about 0.5 degrees over much of the planet. (11) events provide additional tests of our understanding. For example, the scale and (12) of cooling due to the

28、eruption of Mr. Pinatubo were (13) by climate models.When greenhouse gases are increased in climate models, the response is always an increase in average temperatures and water vapor. Models (14) in their result but, in virtually all (15) , doubling the amount of carbon dioxide increase global avera

29、ge temperatures (16) between 1.5 and 4. Why are there some dissenting (17) heard on the science of climate change? (18) it (19) that critics are simply unaware of the depth of the science developed so far.Others are concerned (20) we do not understand everything about the climate system.（分数：40.00）(1

30、).A. observed B. observing C. to observe D. has been observed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：语法题。本句的主要句子结构为The warming of the Earth.will be.，因此，空格的词为定语，修饰前面的主语，而主语与observe之间为被动关系，是观察的对象。选项observed作为动词的过去分词形式，可做定语修饰前面的名词，表被动，正合题意，因此，为正确答案。observing作为动词的现在分词形式，也可做定语修饰前面的名词，但与所修饰的名词之间为主动关系，因此，是错误答案。to observe是动词的不

31、定式形式，也可做定语修饰前面的名词，但含有将来的意义，此处表“所观察到的”，因此，与题意不合。has been observed不能用作定语修饰前面的名词，只能做表语，构成系表结构。(2).A. alone B. lonely C. simply D. really（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。alone“单独地，唯一地”，如：The burden of proof rests on the prosecution alone. 唯有检方负有举证责任。lonely做形容词，意为“孤独的”，如：He spent the loneliest night of the

32、 week. 他度过了这周最孤独的一个夜晚。simply表示“仅仅，只不过”，如：It is simply a matter of time. 这只不过是时间问题。really表示“真正地，真实地”，如：That was a really enjoyable evening. 那的确是一个快乐的夜晚。前一句讲地球变暖有许多原因，这一句只说到一个因素the increase in greenhouse gases(温室气体的增加)，而空格后的determined(起决定作用)，说明“到目前为止(只有)这一个因素起决定作用”，因此，只有选项alone符合题意，为正确答案。(3).A. Howeve

33、r B. Furthermore C. Therefore D. Besides（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。文章一开始就交待了经过“观察”发现了一些情况。而此处说唯一起决定作用的“温室气体”却不是通过观察而得，因此，这里应为转折关系。四个选项中只有however表转折，意为“然而”，如：These boots are expensive; however, theyre worth it. 这双靴子很贵，却很值。可见，however符合题意，为正确答案。furthermore意为“进一步地，此外，而且”，如：He said that he could not

34、find it and, furthermore, that nobody would ever find it. 他说他找不到它，而且也没有人会找到它。文章此处没有这个含义。therefore表结果，意为“所以”，如：He had something urgent, and therefore could not come. 他有急事，所以未能来。本句和上句没有因果关系。besides表“除之外，还”，如：She has five other apartments besides this one. 除这个公寓以外，她还有别的五处公寓。可见也不合题意。(4).A. thorough B. s

35、cientific C. individual D. ridiculous（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。thorough意为“全面的，彻底的，完全的”，如：He made a thorough search for his subject books. 他彻底地查找了有关自己学术专业的书籍。scientific“科学(上)的，科学性的，合乎科学的”，如：scientific management科学的管理方法。individual意为“独特的，特别的，特有的”，如：Each variety of melon has its individual flavor a

36、nd texture. 每一种瓜都有自己独特的味道和口感。ridiculous意为“可笑的，滑稽的，荒谬的”，如：He even took that ridiculous suggestion. 他甚至采纳了那个可笑的建议。既然前面交待了温室气体对气候的影响不是通过常用的观察而得，那么这个结论的可信度有可能受到质疑，因此，非常有必要指出这个结论的来源具有科学合理性，因此，选项scientific为最佳答案。thorough(全面的，彻底的)也说得通，但没有“符合科学”更具说服力。individual(独特的)在表可信度上没有说服力，而ridiculous更是表对这种来源的否定态度，与题意相抵触

37、。(5).A. range B. kind C. sort D. form（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：语法题。空格前为不定冠词a，选项range表示“涵盖的范围”，a range of表示“一系列”。此处表使用的计算机模型包括从简单到复杂在内，范围很广。因此，选项range符合题意，为正确答案。kind“种类”与sort“种类”意义相同，form“方式”，此三选项of后面的名词都应为单数，表“一种”(a kind of./a sort of.)或“的方式”(a form of.)，而此处后面的名词为复数因此，语法错误，不能选。考点 kind，sort和type的区别：type常表精

38、确的种类定义，如：What is your blood type?你的血型是什么?这个问题所希望的答案是一个精确的种类名称。sort用法更广，常与特点而不是定义相关，可以表否定的含义，如：What sort of person would do a terrible thing like that?什么样的人竟能做出如此可怕的事情?sort of person含有贬义。再如：What sort of prices do they charge?他们要价怎样?这个问题所希望的答案是对价格特点的描述、形容，而不是这种价格的定义。kind介于前两者之间，常指大范围的分类或天然相关的物质的种类区分，如

39、：What kind of dog is that?那条狗是什么狗?要求的答案可以是一个种类名称但不用精确如定义，也可用捕述性回答。(6).A. has been used B. had been used C. have been used D. has used（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：语法题。“计算机模型”是被人所运用，因此，可确定本句为被动句，这样，就可排除表主动的选项has used。其次，主语的中心词(a) range为单数，选项have been used又可排除。再者，本文的主导时态为现在时，而本句所涉时间为过去三十年以来，也就是说三十年前至今，那么只有选项has

40、 been used表示从过去到现在为止的时间范围，因此，为正确答案。had been used为过去完成时，表示从过去到过去的某个时间为止，不合题意。(7).A. Contrast B. Contrary C. Compared D. Comparison（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。选项contrary (to)表“与相反”，如：Contrary to your suggestion, he did it alone. 和你的建议相反，他独自做的这件事。文章后面提到dissenting voices(不同的意见)是对本句的回应，说明这种做法与以往的常规做法是

41、不同的。因此，不论含义还是用法都与题意相符。contrast常用在in contrast to/with的结构中，表示“与相比、对照”，如：In contrast with his early works, the later paintings are brighter. 与其早期作品相比，他晚期的画色彩更鲜亮。此选项在本句中用法错误。compare通常用于be compared to(把比作)，如：Scientists sometimes compare the human brain to a computer. 科学家有时将人脑比作电脑。此选项含义与题意不符。comparison为名词

42、，意为“比较”，如：There is no comparison between them. 两者不可同日而语。由此可见，此含义和用法都不合本题。(8).A. resembling B. translating C. stimulating D. simulating（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。resemble意为“类似，相似”，如：He strongly resembles his father. 他酷似他的父亲。translate意为“使转变”，指从一种形式或状态等转到另一种形式或状态，如：You must translate the ideas into

43、 reality. 你们必须将思想变成行动。stimulate表示“刺激，促进”，如：Exercise stimulates the flow of blood. 运动促进血液流动。simulate表示“模拟，模仿”，如：The model weighs 18 tons and simulates a ship displacing 286,000 tons. 这个模型重18吨，模拟排水量为286,000吨的船舶。前文已交待这个研究是通过计算机模型完成的，而根据常识，计算机模型通常是通过观察模型现象而得出结论；后面具体的做法表明计算机模型就是模拟温室气体的增加而得出某种结论，因此，选项simu

44、lating符合题意，为正确答案。(9).A. addition B. proper C. response D. due（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：篇章题。上下文理解题。in response to意为“作为对的反应”，如：The quick recovery was truly in response to medication. 这次迅速恢复确是对药物治疗的反应(即药物治疗取得了很好的疗效)。根据上下文，此处的含义为太阳提供的热量的变化引起了气温差异，后者是对前者变化的反应；另外，下一段首句出现了response这一重要线索，句中response表相似的情况温室气体的增加使气

45、温等发生相应变化，因此，选项response不论用法还是含义都符合题意，为正确答案。in addition to表示“除之外，还”，如：In addition to this job, she has got some part-time jobs occasionally. 除了这个工作以外，她偶尔还做些兼职。含义与题意不符。选项proper，没有in proper to的结构，一般用作形容词，表示“名副其实的，真的”，如：What I wanted was a proper dinner, not just a snack. 我需要的是一顿真正的晚餐，而不仅仅是点心而已。可见无论用法还是含义都不合题意。选项due，没有in due to的结构，但有due to的结构，意为“归因于，由于”，如：It is just a mistake due to carelessness. 这只是一个由于粗心而犯的错误。此处无因果关系。因此，此选项含义与用法同样都不合题意。(10).A. withi