1、Designation: D7000 11 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Test Method forSweep Test of Bituminous Emulsion Surface TreatmentSamples1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7000; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, th
2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method measures the curing performancecharacteristics of bituminous emulsion and aggregates bysimu
3、lating the brooming of a surface treatment in the labora-tory.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 A precision and bias statement for this standard has notbeen developed at this time. Therefore, this standard
4、should notbe used for acceptance or rejection of a material for purchasingpurposes.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and
5、determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-me
6、ndations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C127 Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity)and Absorption of Coarse AggregateD8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-mentsD75 Practice fo
7、r Sampling AggregatesD140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous MaterialsD226 Specification for Asphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Usedin Roofing and WaterproofingD977 Specification for Emulsified AsphaltD2397 Specification for Cationic Emulsified Asphalt2.2 ISSA Document:3ISSATechnical Bulletin No. 100 Test
8、 Method for Wet TrackAbrasion of Slurry Surfaces3. Summary of Test Method3.1 The sweep test is effective for defining the film forma-tion stage of bituminous emulsions. A brush (designed toclosely replicate the sweeping action of a broom) exerts a forceon the aggregate used on surface treatments. Bi
9、tuminousemulsion is applied to an asphalt felt disk.Aggregate is appliedand embedded into the bituminous emulsion. The sample isthen conditioned at a prescribed temperature and time periodbefore testing. A mixer abrades the surface of the sample usinga nylon brush.After one minute of abrasion, the t
10、est is stopped,any loose aggregate is removed, and the percent mass loss iscalculated.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is useful for classifying rapid-settingbituminous emulsions and is applicable to surface treatmentsthat require a quick return to traffic. It has the capability topredict
11、 surface treatment performance in the formative stageusing construction components. This performance test is in-tended to evaluate the potential curing characteristics of abinder-aggregate combination to ensure that the surface treat-ment is sufficiently cured before allowing traffic onto the seal.5
12、. Apparatus5.1 Mixer4Use to abrade the sample.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.24 onAsphalt Surface Treatments.Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originallyappro
13、ved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D7000 11. DOI:10.1520/D7000-11R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summ
14、ary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from International Slurry Surfacing Association (ISSA), 3 ChurchCircle, PMB 250, Annapolis, MD 21401, http:/www.slurry.org.4The sole source of supply of the Hobart Mixer13 H.P. Fixed Speed Motor,model A 120, apparatus known to the committee at this time is Hoba
15、rt Corporation,701 S. Ridge Ave., Troy, OH 45374, http:/. If you are awareof alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM InternationalHeadquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee,1which you may attend.Copyright A
16、STM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International St
17、andards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.15.2 Quick-Clamp Mounting Base5This base must be anadequate and level support for clamping the sample in place.The test sample should not move during abrasion.5.3 PanAn appropriate
18、pan will contain the test sample onthe mixer and hold dislodged aggregate.5.4 OvenThe conditioning oven shall be a constant tem-perature forced-draft oven meeting the following requirementscontaining shelves with at least 65 % voids. The shelves shallbe placed at least 120 mm apart and 100 mm away f
19、rom the topand floor.Oven Type Forced-draft ovenMinInsideDWH 460460460mmAccuracy 1.0 C5.5 BalanceA balance capable of weighing 800 g or moreto within 60.1 g. A minimum platform length and width of240 mm is required.5.6 Removable Brush HolderThe brush holder shall beattachable to the mixer and capabl
20、e of a free-floating verticalmovement of 19 6 1 mm having the dimensions listed in Fig.1. A drawing of this apparatus can be seen in Fig. 1. The totalweight of the brush head and the attached weight shall weigh1500 6 15 g. The collar and nylon strip brush are not includedin this weight. The brush cl
21、amping system shall hold the nylonstrip brush in place so that it will not move or dislodge duringtesting.5.7 Nylon Strip Brush6The brush shall conform to thefollowing specifications.Overall Trim 25.4 mmOverall Length 1271mmBacking Size #7Fill Material Crimped black nylonNylon Type 6.0Fill Diameter
22、0.254 mmWeight 352g5.8 Strike-Off TemplateThe template should consist of aflat, stainless steel metal plate. It shall include a 280 6 3mmdiameter cut out with a flush edge. A 16-gage U.S. Standard(plate and sheet metal) will suffice in most cases.NOTE 1Emulsion mass may vary according to emulsion vi
23、scosity andapplied strike-off pressure. Alternative gages may be necessary foremulsion mass correction for varying aggregate sizes and shapes.5.9 Strike-Off RodThe 750 6 100 mm rod shall be madeof 1720 mm electrical conduit for striking off emulsion fromthe template surface.5.10 Sweep Test Compactor
24、A suitable compaction devicewith a minimum curved surface radius of 550 6 30 mm andshall weigh 7500 6 500 g. A picture of this apparatus can beseen in Fig. 2.6. Materials6.1 Bituminous EmulsionThe bituminous emulsion shouldmeet all applicable specifications for the surface treatmentapplication. The
25、bituminous emulsion shall be equilibrated to atemperature of 60 C for sample production.6.2 AggregatesThe job aggregates should be sampled andsplit according to Practice D75. They shall be placed in an ovenand dried to a constant weight. The aggregates shall be drysieved to obtain a test sample that
26、 has 100 % passing the9.5-mm sieve and 1 % passing the 4.75-mm sieve. Theamount of aggregate used for each specimen shall be inaccordance to the equation below and can be seen by theexample in Table 1. The aggregate amount shall be interpolatedbetween values when necessary, and with a tolerance of 6
27、1%.A 202.1X 2 15.8!1001B 146.4X 2 4.7!1005 Y (1)5The sole source of supply of the Wet Track Abrasion Tester (ISSA TB100)apparatus known to the committee at this time is Mastrad Limited, Finch House, 25Finch Road, Douglas, United Kingdom IM1 2PS, http:/. If youare aware of alternative suppliers, plea
28、se provide this information to ASTMInternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.6The sole source of supply of the Nylon Strip Brush Part #MB7006 apparatusknown to the committee at this time is Ta
29、nis Incorporated, 3660 Kettle Court E.,Delafield, WI 53018, http:/. If you are aware of alternativesuppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee,1which you may attend.D
30、imensionsID Name mmA Collar diameter 36B Collar height 76C Brush head length 128D Overall brush head height 19E Groove height 17F Groove width 18H Slot height 19W Slot width 7FIG. 1 Brush HolderFIG. 2 Sweep Test CompactorD7000 11 (2017)2where:A = % of aggregate from 9.5 to 6.3 mm,B = % of aggregate
31、from 6.3 to 4.75 mm,X = bulk specific gravity (BSG), andY = amount of aggregate needed for the sweep test, g.6.3 Asphalt Felt DiskProduce sample disks from 30 lbasphalt felt paper, Specification D226, Type II. The asphalt feltdiscs shall not have breaks, cracks, tears, protuberances,indentations, or
32、 splices. The felt shall be cut to make 300 610 mm diameter disks. The disks shall be placed in a 50 Coven for 24 to 72 h to flatten. Manipulate the disks until theyare flat and store at room temperature at least three days beforeuse.7. Test Specimens7.1 Weigh the asphalt felt disk to the nearest 0.
33、1 g andrecord as the asphalt sample disk weight. Place the asphalt feltdisk on a flat table. Manipulate the felt disk so that it lies flatagainst the surface. Replace the disk if the edges curl or bubbleor the disk contains foreign matter. Pre-weigh the aggregateand record as aggregate weight (see T
34、able 1 for proper amountsof aggregate). A strike-off template is placed over the felt disk,centering the hole of the template over the felt disk. 83 6 5gof bituminous emulsion (application rate of 1.42 kg/m2)at60 C is poured along the top arc of the exposed felt disk.Excess bituminous emulsion is re
35、moved with the strike-off rodin a gentle side-to-side continuous motion. This shall becompleted within a 3 6 1 s period. The strike-off motionshould not be stopped until the excess materials are off of thefelt disk. The template is quickly removed. A picture of thisprocedure can be seen in Fig. 3.NO
36、TE 2Downward pressure, strike-off speed, and template thicknesscan be adjusted to ensure correct emulsion mass.7.2 Immediately apply the pre-weighed aggregate sampleonto the bituminous emulsion using an even back-and-forthmotion. Once the aggregate has been placed on the sample,compact the aggregate
37、s using the sweep test compactor threehalf cycles in one direction and three half cycles in aperpendicular direction to set the aggregate. Care should betaken not to apply any additional manual downward force tothe compactor. Immediately weigh the sample and record assample weight. Place the specime
38、n in the forced-draft oven.Sample production and weighing shall take no more than fourminutes.8. Conditioning8.1 The specimen is immediately placed in a forced-draftoven for the specified time, temperature, and relative humiditybased on desired field performance.NOTE 3Typical testing parameters for
39、a rapid return to traffic andquick brooming of the product have been a time of one hour at 35 C and30 % relative humidity. These values vary based on different climate areasof product application.8.1.1 The time and oven temperature shall be kept to atolerance of 10 % of the desired values. The toler
40、ance of therelative humidity shall be 25 % of the desired value unlessotherwise specified.NOTE 4The oven door should only be opened once within a 20-minperiod to maintain constant curing conditions.8.2 At the end of the conditioning time, the specimen isturned vertically and any loose aggregate is r
41、emoved by gentlehand brushing of the technicians fingers back and forth acrossthe sample. The specimen is then weighed, and the weightrecorded to the nearest 0.1 g as the initial specimen weight. Thetime from conditioning oven to being placed in the testapparatus should be no greater than two minute
42、s.NOTE 5The hand brushing of the technicians fingers across thesample has proven to be the preferred method versus a brush for removingany loose aggregate that has not fallen off when the specimen is turnedvertically.9. Procedure9.1 Attach, then leave the specimen in the clamping devicefor 180 6 30
43、s. During the equilibration time, the brush issecured into the brush head and the brush head with the weightis attached to the mixer.At the end of the equilibrating time, thebrush head is put into contact with the sample making surethere is free-floating vertical movement of the brush head. Themixer
44、 is then turned onto Setting #1 (0.83 gyrations persecond) for 60 s. After the brush head has come to a completestop, the table is lowered and the sample is removed from theclamping device. The specimen is held vertically and any looseaggregate is removed by gentle hand brushing of the techni-cians
45、fingers back and forth across the sample (see Note 5).The abraded sample is weighed to the nearest 0.1 g andrecorded as final specimen weight. A picture of this procedurecan be seen in Fig. 4.10. Calculation10.1 This equation represents the total mass loss based onthe initial aggregate sample weight
46、. The mass loss as apercentage of the area exposed to the abrading force:TABLE 1 ExampleBSG100 %6.3to4.75mm50/50 Blend100 %9.5to6.3mm2.00 288 g 338 g 388 g2.25 325 g 382 g 439 g2.50 361 g 425 g 489 g2.75 398 g 469 g 540 g3.00 435 g 513 g 591 gFIG. 3 Emulsion Strike-Off In TemplateD7000 11 (2017)3% M
47、ass Loss 5SA 2 BA 2 CD3100 31.33 (2)where:A = initial specimen weight,B = final specimen weight, andC = asphalt sample disk weight.11. Precision and Bias11.1 The appropriate number of labs required to do anadequate precision statement is not available at this time. Forthe initial samples tested, the
48、 repeatability standard deviationwas 15 % of the measured loss. Results were from repeatedtests on two different emulsions with different types of emul-sifiers and varying curing conditions. Twenty replicates wererun so that the results would be of statistical significance. Theaverage loss for each
49、sample run was reported along with thestandard deviation reported as a percentage of the average loss.11.2 No information can be presented on the bias formeasuring percent mass loss in this test method because nomaterial having an acceptable reference value is available.12. Keywords12.1 aggregate; bituminous emulsion; surface treatment;sweepASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this st
