1、Designation: E2229 09 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Practices forInterpretation of Psychophysiological Detection ofDeception (Polygraph) Data1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2229; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case
2、 of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These practices establish procedures for the systematicinterpretation and analysis of Psycho
3、physiological Detection ofDeception (PDD) data.1.2 Any test data analysis procedure used shall be correctlymatched to the PDD examination format. Examiners shall useevaluation methods for which they have been formally trained.1.2.1 Acceptable test data analysis procedures are thosepublished in refer
4、eed or technical journals, and for whichpublished replications of the procedures have confirmed theirefficacy.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of In
5、ternational Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Terminology2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:2.1.1 3-position scale, nwhole number values from 1 to1 assigned systematically to responses to releva
6、nt and com-parison questions. These values are summed, and the PDDoutcome is governed by specified decision rules for whichthese sums are used.2.1.2 7-position scale, nwhole number values from 3 to3 assigned systematically to responses to relevant and com-parison questions. These values are summed,
7、and the PDDoutcome is governed by specified decision rules for whichthese sums are used.2.1.3 rank, na number assigned to individual responseswithin a PDD recording hierarchically, according to relativeresponse intensity.2.1.4 rank order scoring, nassignment of ranks accordingto relative magnitude o
8、f the responses. The PDD outcome isgoverned by specified decision rules using these ranks.2.1.5 respiration line length, nsum of the length of therespiration waveform over a fixed time period.2.1.6 response amplitude, nmagnitude of a response fromstimulus onset to maximum expression of the response
9、withinthe response window.2.1.7 response duration, nperiod between a phasic re-sponse onset and return to baseline.2.1.8 response latency, ntime between stimulus and re-sponse onsets.2.1.9 response window, nthe period in which physiologi-cal responding normally occurs and recovers after stimulusonse
10、t. Response windows vary by channel.2.1.10 score, na number systematically assigned to anestablished set of comparisons within a PDD recording.2.1.11 spot score, nsum of scores associated with anindividual relevant question across all test recordings.2.1.12 stimulus onset, ncommencement of stimulus
11、pre-sentation.2.1.13 tonic level, nresting or baseline activity level of theexaminee.2.1.14 total numerical score, nsum of scores for an entireseries of charts and questions.3. Summary of Practices3.1 Global Evaluation:3.1.1 Evaluators utilizing global interpretation shall:3.1.1.1 Be formally traine
12、d in global interpretation.3.1.1.2 Confirm that the recordings are suitable for globalevaluation. If they are not suitable, no evaluation shall beundertaken for the purpose of diagnosing truthfulness ordeception. Nothing shall preclude an evaluator from reportingevidence of countermeasures when this
13、 evidence exists.3.1.1.3 Use analysis methods generally recognized to beaccurate.3.1.2 When possible, numerical evaluation shall be pre-ferred over global evaluation.1These practices are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E52 on ForensicPsychophysiology and are the direct responsibility of Subc
14、ommittee E52.05 onPsychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD).Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2018. Published February 2018. Originallyapproved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E2229 09. DOI:10.1520/E2229-09R18.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700,
15、 West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the Worl
16、d Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.2 Numerical Evaluation:3.2.1 Evaluators employing numerical evaluation shall firstverify that the PDD recordings are suitable for evaluation. Ifthey are not suitable, no evaluation shall be undertaken for thepurpose of diagnosing tr
17、uthfulness or deception.3.2.1.1 Nothing shall preclude an evaluator from reportingevidence of countermeasures when this evidence exists.3.2.2 There are four principal components to numericalevaluation. They are:3.2.2.1 Identification of diagnostic tracing features.3.2.2.2 Assignment of numerical val
18、ues according to therelative intensity of the tracing features.3.2.2.3 Computations based on the numerical values.3.2.2.4 Decision rules that result from the computations.3.2.3 While others may occur in individual cases, there arefive empirically established diagnostic features in the respira-tion c
19、hannel. They are:3.2.3.1 Suppression of respiration amplitude.3.2.3.2 Slowing of breathing rate (increase in cycle time, orbradypnea).3.2.3.3 Change in the inhalation/exhalation time ratio.3.2.3.4 Apnea.3.2.3.5 Rise in the baseline of the respiration cycles. All ofthe diagnostic features in respirat
20、ion, except the rise inbaseline, are captured by a common metric, respiration linelength.3.2.4 There is one primary diagnostic feature in the electro-dermal channel that has been empirically confirmed. It iselectrodermal response amplitude.3.2.4.1 There are two secondary diagnostic features:(1) Resp
21、onse complexity.(2) Response duration.3.2.5 While others may occur in individual cases, there isone primary diagnostic feature in the cardiograph channel thathas been empirically verified. It is the rise in the cardiographtracing baseline.3.2.5.1 There is one secondary feature: response duration.3.2
22、.6 There are two diagnostic features in the photoplethys-mograph that have been empirically determined. They aredecrease in pulse amplitude and duration of response.3.2.7 Assignment of numbers to relative response intensitiesshall be in keeping with those of scoring systems that havebeen empirically
23、 verified and cross-validated in university-grade research.3.2.8 Computation methods using the assigned numbersintensities shall be in keeping with those of scoring systemsthat have been empirically verified and cross-validated inuniversity-grade research.3.2.9 Decision rules shall be in keeping wit
24、h those ofscoring systems that have been empirically verified and cross-validated in university-grade research.4. Keywords4.1 decision rules; global analysis; numerical analysis; poly-graph; psychophysiological detection of deceptionASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any
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28、ghted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 09 (2018)2
