1、Designation: A1040 17Standard Guide forSpecifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions forWrought Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1040; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case o
2、f revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This guide covers ASTM Subcommittees A01.02,A01.03,A01.06,A01.09,A01.11,A01.15,A01.19,A01.22,
3、 andA01.28 for specifying chemical composition limits of wroughtcarbon, low-alloy, and alloy steels. It is intended that theserecommended grade composition limits be suitable for adop-tion by other standardization bodies that prepare standards forcarbon, low-alloy, and alloy steel products, includin
4、g discon-tinued steels.1.2 Included in this guide are the recommendations fordetermining the number of significant figures for specifyingchemical composition.1.3 The carbon and alloy steel grades in all standardsoverseen by the aforementioned ASTM subcommittees havebeen included, except those grades
5、 applicable to restrictedspecial end uses.1.4 Not addressed are minor composition modifications thata specific ASTM subcommittee may find necessary to accom-modate effects of normal processing or to enhance fabricabilityby the producer or user, or both.1.5 Also not generally addressed (except where
6、establishedby ASTM subcommittees) is a complete rationalization of alllimits, especially where such would conflict with long-standingpractices and is not justified by special technical effect.1.6 This guide does not address discontinued or formerlystandard steel grades. A listing of such steel grade
7、s can befound in SAE J1249. Also excluded from this guide are castmaterials and welding filler metals.1.7 In 1995, the AISI made the decision to transfer theresponsibility of maintaining its numbering system to theSociety of Automotive Engineers (SAE) for carbon and alloysteels (SAE J403 and SAE J40
8、4) and to ASTM Internationalfor stainless steels (Guide A959 and others). To inform users ofthis important event, historical information is included in theappendix of this standard.1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematic
9、alconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International St
10、andards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A276/A276M Specification for Stainless Steel Bars andShapesA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, RelatedAlloys, and Ferroal
11、loysA959 Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard GradeCompositions for Wrought Stainless Steels2.2 SAE Standards:3SAE J403 Chemical Compositions of SAE Carbon SteelsSAE J404 Chemical Compositions of SAE Alloy SteelsSAE J1013 Measurement of Whole Body Vibration of theSeated Operator of Off-Highway W
12、ork MachinesSAE J1249 Former SAE Standard and Former SAE EX-Steels3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 long product, ngeneric term describing wroughtbars, rod, wire, rail, tubing (welded and seamless), plate, andpipe.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Com
13、mittee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.15 on Bars.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published December 2017. Originallyapproved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as A1040-10(2015)1.DOI: 10.1520/A1040-17.2For refer
14、enced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrenda
15、le,PA 15096, http:/www.sae.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized pri
16、nciples on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.1.1.1 DiscussionProduct forms such as “C” shapes,“HP” shapes, “L” shape
17、s, “M” shapes, “MC” shapes, “S”shapes, “W” shapes, and sheet piling are considered longproducts. Such product forms are produced to mechanicalproperties and are not normally produced to the chemicalcompositions listed in this guide.3.1.2 flat product, ngeneric term describing wrought sheetand strip.
18、3.2 Refer to Terminology A941 for additional definitions ofterms used in this guide.4. Significance and Use4.1 It is anticipated that the ASTM Subcommittees A01.02,A01.03,A01.06,A01.09,A01.11,A01.15,A01.19,A01.22, andA01.28 will use the standard composition limits listed in thisguide for the grades
19、identified in their product specificationsunless there is a specific technical justification for doingotherwise.4.2 The composition limits given in this guide are to be usedas guides in determining limits for each of the elementsincluded in the total composition of each grade. The compo-sition limit
20、s have been established with the intent that eachASTM subcommittee will find it necessary to require only aminimum number of changes to reflect specific technicaleffects. Section 5 lists the general guidelines followed fordetermining the limits for each element; the limits establishedin this guide a
21、re based upon these guidelines.5. General Guidelines Used for Determining CompositionLimits5.1 Table 1 gives typical chemical composition limits forrespective elements.6. Harmonized Standard Grade Wrought Carbon, Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steel Compositions6.1 The harmonized composition limits are given
22、in Tables2-17, grouped by metallurgical classification. Within all tables,grades are listed in numerical order.6.2 Unless adopted by the appropriate product subcommit-tee in an ASTM standard, the compositions described in thisguide shall not be used for specifying an ASTM product.6.3 Criteria for th
23、e addition of grades to the grade lists inthis guide are as follows: (1) New grades will be consideredbased upon the grade meeting a standard grade designation andchemistry; (2) New grades shall have an annual production orconsumption of 250 tons (225 Mg); (3) New grades shall havethe sponsorship of
24、 at least two individual users or producers.7. Keywords7.1 alloy steels; carbon steels; harmonized carbon, low-alloy, and alloy steel compositions; low-alloy steelsTABLE 1 Expression of Chemical Composition LimitsChemical Element Chemical Composition LimitC, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Si Two decimal pl
25、aces (0.xx % ) or (1.xx %)Al, Ca, N, Nb (Cb),AP, S, Sn, Ti, V Three decimal places (0.xxx %)B Four decimal places (0.xxxx %)AColumbium (Cb) and Niobium (Nb) are alternate names for element 41 in thePeriodic Table of the Elements.A1040 172TABLE 2 Chemical Composition for Nonresulfurized Carbon Steels
26、GradeComposition,A, B, C%CMnP max S max P max S maxLong Product Flat Product1001 0.01 max 0.35 max . . 0.030 0.0351002 0.02 max 0.35 max . . 0.030 0.0351003 0.04 max 0.35 max . . 0.030 0.0351004 0.02/0.06 0.35 max . . 0.030 0.0351005 0.06 max 0.35 max 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351006B0.02/0.08 0.45 max .
27、 . 0.030 0.0351006D0.08 max 0.25-0.45 0.040 0.050 . .1006E0.08 max 0.45 max . . 0.030 0.0351007 0.02/0.10 0.50 max . . 0.030 0.0351008D0.10 max 0.30-0.50 0.040 0.050 . .1008E0.10 max 0.50 max . . 0.030 0.0351009 0.15 max 0.60 max . . 0.030 0.0351010 0.08-0.13 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351011 0.
28、08-0.13 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 . .1012 0.10-0.15 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351013D, F0.11-0.16 0.50-0.80 0.040 0.050 . .1013E0.11-0.16 0.30-0.60 . . 0.030 0.0351015 0.13-0.18 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351016 0.13-0.18 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351017 0.15-0.20 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.0
29、30 0.0351018 0.15-0.20 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351019 0.15-0.20 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351020 0.18-0.23 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351021 0.18-0.23 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351022 0.18-0.23 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351023 0.20-0.25 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351024
30、 0.18-0.25 1.30-1.65 0.035 0.035 . .1025 0.22-0.28 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351026 0.22-0.28 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351027 0.22-0.29 1.20-1.55 0.035 0.035 . .1029 0.25-0.31 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 . .1030 0.28-0.34 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351033 0.30-0.36 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.0
31、30 0.0351034 0.32-0.38 0.50-0.80 0.040 0.050 . .1035 0.32-0.38 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351037 0.32-0.38 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351038 0.35-0.42 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351039 0.37-0.44 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351040 0.37-0.44 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351042 0.40-0.
32、47 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351043 0.40-0.47 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351044 0.43-0.50 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 . .1045 0.43-0.50 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351046 0.43-0.50 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351049 0.46-0.53 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351050 0.48-0.55 0.60-0.90 0.040 0
33、.050 0.030 0.0351053 0.48-0.55 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 . .1055 0.50-0.60 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351059 0.55-0.65 0.50-0.80 0.040 0.050 . .1060 0.55-0.65 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351064 0.60-0.70 0.50-0.80 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351065 0.60-0.70 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351069 0.65-0.
34、75 0.40-0.70 0.040 0.050 . .1070 0.65-0.75 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351070mG0.65-0.75 0.80-1.10 0.025 0.025 . .1071 0.65-0.70 0.75-1.05 0.040 0.050 . .1074 0.70-0.80 0.50-0.80 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351075 0.70-0.80 0.40-0.70 0.040 0.050 . .1078 0.72-0.85 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351080 0.
35、75-0.88 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351084 0.80-0.93 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351085 0.80-0.93 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351086 0.80-0.93 0.30-0.50 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035A1040 173TABLE 2 ContinuedGradeComposition,A, B, C%CMnP max S max P max S maxLong Product Flat Product1090 0.85-0.9
36、8 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351095 0.90-1.03 0.30-0.50 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.035AWhere silicon is required, the following ranges and limits are commonly specified: 0.10 % maximum, 0.10 % to 0.20 %, 0.15 % to 0.35 %, 0.15 % to 0.40 %, 0.20 % to0.40 %, or 0.30 % to 0.60 %.BIf required, copper can b
37、e specified as 0.20 % minimum.CWhere boron treatment for killed steel is specified for enhanced hardenability, titanium is generally added to shield the boron from oxidation. Boron levels between0.0005 % and 0.0030 % can be expected for this practice. If the usual titanium addition is not permitted,
38、 the steel may contain up to 0.0050 % boron for enhancedhardenability.DLong product.EFlat product.FSAE J1013 has chemical limits for manganese of 0.30-0.60 %.G1070m has chemical limits for silicon, 0.15-0.35 %; chromium, 0.20 % maximum; nickel, 0.25 % maximum; and molybdenum, 0.10 % maximum.TABLE 3
39、Chemical Composition for Resulfurized SteelsGradeComposition,A, B%C Mn P max S max1108 0.08-0.13 0.60-0.80 0.040 0.08-0.131109 0.08-0.13 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.08-0.131110 0.08-0.13 0.30-0.60 0.040 0.08-0.131115 0.13-0.20 0.60-0.90 0.040 0.08-0.131116 0.14-0.20 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.16-0.231117 0.14-0.20 1.0
40、0-1.30 0.040 0.08-0.131118 0.14-0.20 1.30-1.60 0.040 0.08-0.131119 0.14-0.20 1.00-1.30 0.040 0.24-0.331132 0.27-0.32 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.08-0.131137 0.32-0.39 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.08-0.131139 0.35-0.43 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.13-0.201140 0.37-0.44 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.08-0.131141 0.37-0.45 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.08-0.
41、131144 0.40-0.48 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.24-0.331145 0.42-0.49 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.04-0.071146 0.42-0.49 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.08-0.131151 0.48-0.55 0.70-1.00 0.040 0.08-0.13AIt is not common practice to produce these steels to specified limits for silicon because of its adverse effect on machinability.BWhere s
42、ilicon is required, the following ranges and limits are commonly specified: 0.10 % maximum, 0.10 % to 0.20 %, 0.15 % to 0.35 %, 0.20 % to 0.40 %, or 0.30%to 0.60 %.TABLE 4 Chemical Composition for Rephosphorized and Resulfurized Carbon SteelsGradeComposition,A, B%CMnP S1211 0.13 max 0.60-0.90 0.07-0
43、.12 0.10-0.151212 0.13 max 0.70-1.00 0.07-0.12 0.16-0.231213 0.13 max 0.70-1.00 0.07-0.12 0.24-0.331215 0.09 max 0.75-1.05 0.04-0.09 0.26-0.35AIt is not common practice to produce these steels to specified limits for silicon because of its adverse effect on machinability.BWhere silicon is required,
44、the following ranges and limits are commonly specified: 0.10 % maximum, 0.10 % to 0.20 %, 0.15 % to 0.35 %, 0.20 % to 0.40 %, or 0.30%to 0.60 %.A1040 174TABLE 5 Chemical Composition for High-Manganese Carbon SteelsGradeComposition,A, B, C%CMnP max S max P max S maxLong Product Flat Product1513 0.10-
45、0.16 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.050 . .1518 0.15-0.21 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.050 . .1522 0.18-0.24 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.050 . .1524 0.19-0.25 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351525 0.23-0.29 0.80-1.10 0.040 0.050 . .1526 0.22-0.29 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.050 . .1527 0.22-0.29 1.20-1.50 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351536 0.30-0.37
46、 1.20-1.50 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351541 0.36-0.44 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351547 0.43-0.51 1.35-1.65 0.040 0.050 . .1548 0.44-0.52 1.10-1.40 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351551 0.45-0.56 0.85-1.15 0.040 0.050 . .1552 0.47-0.55 1.20-1.50 0.040 0.050 0.030 0.0351561 0.55-0.65 0.75-1.05 0.040 0.050 . .15
47、66 0.60-0.71 0.85-1.15 0.040 0.050 . .1572 0.65-0.76 1.00-1.30 0.040 0.050 . .AWhere silicon is required, the following ranges and limits are commonly specified: 0.10 % maximum, 0.10 % to 0.20 %, 0.15 % to 0.35 %, 0.20 % to 0.40 %, or 0.30%to 0.60 %.BIf required, copper can be specified as 0.20 % mi
48、nimum.CIf lead is required as an added element to a standard steel, a range of 0.15 % to 0.35 % inclusive is specified. Such a steel is identified by inserting the letter “L” betweenthe second and third numerals of the grade designation, for example, 15L25. A heat analysis is not determinable where
49、lead is added to the ladle stream.TABLE 6 Chemical Composition for Carbon Steels with Hardenability RequirementsGradeComposition, %C Mn P max S max Si1038H 0.34-0.43 0.50-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.15-0.301045H 0.42-0.51 0.50-1.00 0.040 0.050 0.15-0.301522H 0.17-0.25 1.00-1.50 0.040 0.050 0.15-0.301524H 0.18-0.26 1.25-1.75 0.040 0.050 0.15-0.301526H 0.21-0.30 1.00-1.50 0.040 0.050 0.15-0.301541H 0.35-0.45 1.25-1.75 0.040 0.050
