1、Designation: A312/A312M 17 Used in USDOE-NE standardsStandard Specification forSeamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked AusteniticStainless Steel Pipes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A312/A312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adop
2、tion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers seamless, straight-seamwelded, and heavily co
3、ld worked welded austenitic stainlesssteel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosiveservice.NOTE 1When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature servicewould be 15 ftlbf 20 J energy absorption or 15 mils 0.38 mm lateralexpansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades cov
4、ered by thisspecification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codeswithout the necessity of making the actual test. For example, GradesTP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure VesselCode, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and RefineryPiping Code, ANSI
5、 B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as 425 F250 C without qualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steelgrades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as 325 F200 C without impact testing. Impact testing may, under certaincircumstances, be required. For example, materi
6、als with chromium ornickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carboncontent exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rulesof ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are lowerthan 50 F 45 C.1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H,TP310HCb, TP
7、316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H aremodifications of Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb,TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intendedfor service at temperatures where creep and stress ruptureproperties are important.1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided forpipe where a
8、greater degree of testing is desired. Thesesupplementary requirements call for additional tests to be madeand, when desired, it is permitted to specify in the order one ormore of these supplementary requirements.1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of weldedand seamless stainless steel p
9、ipe as shown in ANSI B36.19.These dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold workedpipe. Pipe having other dimensions is permitted to be orderedand furnished provided such pipe complies with all otherrequirements of this specification.1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H have lower strength require-ments
10、 for pipe manufactured by the seamless process innominal wall thicknesses greater than38 in. 9.5 mm.1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem may not be ex
11、act equivalents; therefore, each systemshall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with thestandard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”designation of this specification is specified in the order.NOTE 2The dimensionless des
12、ignator NPS (nominal pipe size) hasbeen substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominaldiameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on
13、Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to IntergranularAttack in Austenitic Stainles
14、s SteelsA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, RelatedAlloys, and FerroalloysA999/A999M Specification for General Requirements forAlloy and Stainless Steel PipeA1016/A1016M Specification for General Requirements f
15、orFerritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and StainlessSteel TubesE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.10 on Stainl
16、ess and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved March 15, 2017. Published March 2017. Originallyapproved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as A312/A312M 16a.DOI: 10.1520/A0312_A0312M-17.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA-3
17、12 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section a
18、ppears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Prin
19、ciples for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,Blooms, and ForgingsE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Nu
20、mbering System (UNS)2.2 ANSI Standards:4B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General PurposeB36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel PipeB36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe2.3 ASME Standard:ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code : Section VIII52.4 AWS Standard:A5.9 Corrosion-Resisting Chromium and Chromium-NickelSteel Weldi
21、ng Rods and Electrodes62.5 Other Standard:SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys(UNS)73. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The definitions in Specification A999/A999M andTerminology A941 are applicable to this specification.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material to this specificat
22、ion shall conform tothe requirements of the current edition of Specification A999/A999M.5. General Requirements5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A999/A999M unless otherwise provided herein.6. Materials
23、 and Manufacture6.1 Manufacture:6.1.1 The pipe shall be manufactured by one of the follow-ing processes:6.1.2 Seamless (SML) pipe shall be made by a process thatdoes not involve welding at any stage of production.6.1.3 Welded (WLD) pipe shall be made using an automaticwelding process with no additio
24、n of filler metal during thewelding process.6.1.4 Heavily cold-worked (HCW) pipe shall be made byapplying cold working of not less than 35 % reduction inthickness of both wall and weld to a welded pipe prior to thefinal anneal. No filler shall be used in making the weld. Priorto cold working, the we
25、ld shall be 100 % radiographicallyinspected in accordance with the requirements ofASME Boilerand Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, latestrevision, Paragraph UW-51.6.1.5 Welded pipe and HCW pipe of NPS 14 and smallershall have a single longitudinal weld. Welded pipe and HCWpipe of a siz
26、e larger than NPS 14 shall have a singlelongitudinal weld or shall be produced by forming and weldingtwo longitudinal sections of flat stock when approved by thepurchaser. All weld tests, examinations, inspections, or treat-ments shall be performed on each weld seam.6.1.6 At the option of the manufa
27、cturer, pipe shall be eitherhot finished or cold finished.6.1.7 The pipe shall be free of scale and contaminatingexogenous iron particles. Pickling, blasting, or surface finish-ing is not mandatory when pipe is bright annealed. Thepurchaser is permitted to require that a passivating treatment beappl
28、ied to the finished pipe.6.2 Heat TreatmentAll pipe shall be furnished in theheat-treated condition in accordance with the requirements ofTable 2. Alternatively, for seamless pipe, immediately follow-ing hot forming while the temperature of the pipes is not lessthan the minimum solution treatment te
29、mperature specified inTable 2, pipes shall be individually quenched in water orrapidly cooled by other means (direct quenched).7. Chemical Composition7.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as tochemical composition prescribed in Table 1.8. Product Analysis8.1 At the request of the purchaser
30、, an analysis of one billetor one length of flat-rolled stock from each heat, or two pipesfrom each lot shall be made by the manufacturer. A lot of pipeshall consist of the following number of lengths of the samesize and wall thickness from any one heat of steel:NPS Designator Lengths of Pipe in Lot
31、Under 2 400 or fraction thereof2 to 5 200 or fraction thereof6 and over 100 or fraction thereof8.2 The results of these analyses shall be reported to thepurchaser or the purchasers representative, and shall conformto the requirements specified in Section 7.8.3 If the analysis of one of the tests spe
32、cified in 8.1 doesnot conform to the requirements specified in Section 7,ananalysis of each billet or pipe from the same heat or lot may bemade, and all billets or pipe conforming to the requirementsshall be accepted.9. Permitted Variations in Wall Thickness9.1 In addition to the implicit limitation
33、 of wall thicknessfor seamless pipe imposed by the limitation on weight inSpecification A999/A999M, the wall thickness for seamlessand welded pipe at any point shall be within the tolerancesspecified in Table 3, except that for welded pipe the weld areashall not be limited by the “Over” tolerance. T
34、he wall thicknessand outside diameter for inspection for compliance with thisrequirement for pipe ordered by NPS and schedule number isshown in Table X1.1.10. Tensile Requirements10.1 The tensile properties of the material shall conform tothe requirements prescribed in Table 4.4Available from Americ
35、an National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.6Available from American Welding Societ
36、y (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd.,Miami, FL 33126, http:/www.aws.org.7Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 CommonwealthDr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http:/www.sae.org.A312/A312M 172TABLE1ChemicalRequirementsGradeUNSDesig-nationAComposition,%BCarbonManga-nesePhos-phorusSulfurSiliconC
37、hrom-iumNickelMolyb- denumTita-niumNiobiumMTanta- lum, maxNitro- genCVana-diumCopperCeriumBoronAlum-inumOtherTP201S201000.155.57.50.0600.0301.0016.018.03.55.5.0.25.TP201LNS201530.036.47.50.0450.0150.7516.017.54.05.0.0.100.25.1.00.S204000.0307.09.00.0450.0301.0015.017.01.503.00.0.150.30.TPXM-19S20910
38、0.064.06.00.0450.0301.0020.523.511.513.51.503.00.0.100.30.0.200.400.100.30.TPXM-10S219000.088.0 10.00.0450.0301.0019.021.55.57.5.0.150.40.TPXM-11S219040.048.0 10.00.0450.0301.0019.021.55.57.5.0.150.40.TPXM-29S240000.0811.514.50.0600.0301.0017.019.02.33.7.0.200.40.TP304S304000.082.000.0450.0301.0018.
39、020.08.0 11.0.TP304LS304030.035D2.000.0450.0301.0018.020.08.0 13.0.TP304HS304090.040.102.000.0450.0301.0018.020.08.0 11.0.S304150.040.060.800.0450.0301.002.0018.019.09.0 10.0.0.120.18.0.030.08TP304NS304510.082.000.0450.0301.0018.020.08.0 11.0.0.100.16.TP304LNS304530.0352.000.0450.0301.0018.020.08.0
40、12.0.0.100.16.S306000.0182.000.020.023.74.317.018.514.015.50.20.0.50max.S306010.0150.500.800.0300.0135.05.617.018.017.018.00.20.0.05.0.35.S306150.160.242.000.0300.033.24.017.019.513.516.0.0.801.50.S308150.050.100.800.0400.0301.402.0020.022.010.012.0.0.140.20.0.030.08TP309SS309080.082.000.0450.0301.0
41、022.024.012.015.00.75.TP309HS309090.040.102.000.0450.0301.0022.024.012.015.0.TP309CbS309400.082.000.0450.0301.0022.024.012.016.00.75.10Cmin,1.10max.A312/A312M 173TABLE1ContinuedGradeUNSDesig-nationAComposition,%BCarbonManga-nesePhos-phorusSulfurSiliconChrom-iumNickelMolyb- denumTita-niumNiobiumMTant
42、a- lum, maxNitro- genCVana-diumCopperCeriumBoronAlum-inumOtherTP309HCbS309410.040.102.000.0450.0301.0022.024.012.016.00.75.10Cmin,1.10max.S310020.0152.000.0200.0150.1524.026.019.022.00.10.0.10.TP310SS310080.082.000.0450.0301.0024.026.019.022.00.75.TP310HS310090.040.102.000.0450.0301.0024.026.019.022
43、.0.S310350.040.100.600.0250.0150.4021.523.523.526.50.400.600.200.302.53.50.0020.008W3.04.0Co1.02.0TP310CbS310400.082.000.0450.0301.0024.026.019.022.00.75.10Cmin,1.10max.TP310HCbS310410.040.102.000.0450.0301.0024.026.019.022.00.75.10Cmin,1.10max.S310500.0252.000.0200.0150.424.026.020.523.51.62.6.0.09
44、0.15.S312540.0201.000.0300.0100.8019.520.517.518.56.06.5.0.180.25.0.501.00.S312660.0302.004.000.0350.0201.0023.025.021.024.05.26.20.350.601.002.50W1.502.50S312720.080121.5 2.000.0300.0150.250.7514.016.014.016.01.001.400.300.600.0040.008S312770.0203.000.0300.0100.5020.523.026.028.06.58.00.300.400.501
45、.50TP316S316000.082.000.0450.0301.0016.018.010.014.02.003.00.TP316LS316030.035D2.000.0450.0301.0016.018.010.014.02.003.00.TP316HS316090.040.102.000.0450.0301.0016.018.010.014.02.003.00.TP316TiS316350.082.000.0450.0300.7516.018.010.014.02.003.005(C+N) 0.70.0.10.TP316NS316510.082.000.0450.0301.0016.01
46、8.010.014.02.003.000.100.16.TP316LNS316530.0352.000.0450.0301.0016.018.010.014.02.003.00.0.100.16.S316550.0302.000.0450.0151.0019.521.58.09.50.501.50.0.140.25.1.00.TP317S317000.082.000.0450.0301.0018.020.011.015.03.04.0.A312/A312M 174TABLE1ContinuedGradeUNSDesig-nationAComposition,%BCarbonManga-nesePhos-phorusSulfurSiliconChrom-iumNickelMolyb- denumTita-niumNiobiumMTanta- lum, maxNitro- genCVana-diumCopperCeriumBoronAlum-inumOtherTP317LS317030.0352.000.0450.0301.0018.020.011.015.03.04.0.S317250.032.000.040E0.0301.0018.020.013.517.54.05.0.0.10.0.75.S3
