1、Designation: B824 17Standard Specification forGeneral Requirements for Copper Alloy Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B824; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num
2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes general requirements
3、 com-mon to ASTM copper alloy casting specifications B22/B22M,B61, B62, B66, B67, B148, B176, B271/B271M, B369, B427,B505/B505M, B584, B763/B763M, B770, and B806. Theserequirements apply to the casting specifications to the extentreferenced therein.1.1.1 In the event of conflict between this specifi
4、cation anda casting specification, the requirements of the casting speci-fication shall take precedence.1.2 The chemical composition and other requirements notincluded in this specification shall be prescribed in the castingproduct specifications.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to
5、 beregarded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.4 No precise quantitative relationship can be stated be-tween the properties of the metal in various locations of thesame casting o
6、r between the properties of castings and those ofa test bar casting from the same metal. (See Appendix X1.)21.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of Inte
7、rnational Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents, of the issue in effect on dateof casting purchase, form, part of this specification to the extentreferenced herein:2.
8、2 ASTM Standards:3B22/B22M Specification for Bronze Castings for Bridgesand TurntablesB61 Specification for Steam or Valve Bronze CastingsB62 Specification for Composition Bronze or Ounce MetalCastingsB66 Specification for Bronze Castings for Steam Locomo-tive Wearing PartsB67 Specification for Car
9、and Tender Journal Bearings,LinedB148 Specification for Aluminum-Bronze Sand CastingsB176 Specification for Copper-Alloy Die CastingsB193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical ConductorMaterialsB194 Specification for Copper-BerylliumAlloy Plate, Sheet,Strip, and Rolled BarB208 Practice for Prepa
10、ring Tension Test Specimens forCopper Alloy Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, andContinuous CastingsB271/B271M Specification for Copper-Base Alloy Centrifu-gal CastingsB369 Specification for Copper-Nickel Alloy CastingsB427 Specification for Gear Bronze Alloy CastingsB505/B505M Specification for Co
11、pper Alloy ContinuousCastingsB584 Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings forGeneral ApplicationsB763/B763M Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castingsfor Valve ApplicationsB770 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Sand Cast-ings for General ApplicationsB806 Specification for Copper Alloy
12、Permanent Mold Cast-ings for General ApplicationsB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-terialsE10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper
13、 Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 onCastings and Ingots for Remelting.Current edition approved April 1, 2017. Published May 2017. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as B824-16. DOI:10.1520/B0824-17.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Cod
14、e application, see related specifica-tion in Section II of that code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM
15、website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizat
16、ion established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-terialsE29 Practice for Using Significant
17、Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE54 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Special Brassesand Bronzes (Withdrawn 2002)4E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper andCopperAlloys (Photometric Methods) (Withdrawn 2010)4E76 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nicke
18、l-CopperAlloys (Withdrawn 2003)4E255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys forthe Determination of Chemical CompositionE478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper AlloysE581 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Manganese-Copper Alloys2.3 JIS Standard:5JIS H 1068:2005 Methods for Dete
19、rmination of Bismuth inCopper and CopperAlloys (Japanese Industrial Standards)3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copperalloys, refer to Terminology B846.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to this Standard:3.2.1 lota collection of like final product (same alloy,temper, di
20、mensions, as applicable) produced under the same oridentical conditions from which samples were drawn forinspection or testing, or both.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 ManufactureMechanical properties of Copper AlloyUNS Nos. C94700, C95300, C95400, C95410, C95500,C95520, and C96800 can be changed by
21、 heat treatment.Suggested heat treatments are given in the casting specifica-tions containing these alloys.5. Chemical Composition5.1 The casting material shall conform to the chemicalrequirements of the casting product specification involved.5.2 These composition limits do not preclude the presence
22、of other elements. Limits may be established and analysisrequired for unnamed elements by agreement between themanufacturer and the purchaser.6. Mechanical Property Requirements6.1 When tension testing is required by the casting productspecification, the results shall conform to the requirements oft
23、hat specification, when tested in accordance with Test Meth-ods E8/E8M.6.2 When Brinell Hardness testing is required by the castingproduct specification, the results shall conform to the require-ments of that specification, when tested in accordance with theTest Method E10.6.3 When Rockwell Hardness
24、 testing is required by thecasting product specification, the results shall conform to therequirements of that specification, when tested in accordancewith the Test Methods E18.7. Other Requirements7.1 Hydrostatic TestWhen specified in the purchase order,a hydrostatic test shall be performed on the
25、castings. Thedetails of the test and acceptance criteria shall be established byagreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.7.2 SoundnessWhen specified in the purchase order, cast-ings shall meet soundness requirements furnished or referencedby the purchaser. In the absence of standards for
26、 soundness, therequirement shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturerand the purchaser.7.3 When Electrical Resistivity testing is required by thecasting product specification, the results shall conform to therequirements of that specification, when tested in accordancewith the Test Method B193
27、.8. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations8.1 The manufacturer shall be responsible for conforming tothe dimensional requirements of the castings as related to thedrawing when the pattern equipment is produced by themanufacturer.8.2 When the pattern equipment is provided by thepurchaser, the m
28、anufacturer shall be responsible for conform-ing to the dimensional requirements of the castings, but withany mutually agreed to exceptions relating to the providedpattern equipment.8.3 Where thick and thin sections of the casting adjoin, themanufacturer shall be permitted to add fillets of adequate
29、 size,where not previously provided, subject to approval of thepurchaser.9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance9.1 The surface of the casting shall be free of adhering sand,cracks, and hot tears. Other surface discontinuities shall meetvisual acceptance standards agreed upon between the manu-facture
30、r and the purchaser.10. Sampling10.1 Lot SizeA lot shall consist of: (1) all of the metalpoured from a single furnace or crucible melt, or (2) all of themetal poured from two or more furnaces into a single ladle, or(3) all of the metal poured from a continuous melting furnacebetween charges, or (4)
31、all of the metal poured from anindividual melting furnace or group of melting furnaces havingsimilar charges and the charge calculation shall be similar forall furnaces, operating during the course of one-half shift, notto exceed 5 h.10.2 Chemical Analysis:10.2.1 The sample for chemical analysis sha
32、ll be taken inaccordance with Practice E255 for product in the final formfrom the pieces selected in 10.1 and combined into onecomposite sample. The minimum weight of the compositesample shall be 150 g.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.5Available fro
33、m Japanese Standards Association (JSA), Mita MT Bldg., 3-13-12Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0073, Japan, http:/www.jsa.or.jp.B824 17210.2.2 Instead of sampling as directed in 10.2.1, the manu-facturer shall have the option of sampling at the time castingsare poured or from the semifinished product. Whe
34、n samples aretaken during the course of manufacture, sampling of thefinished product by the manufacturer is not required. Thenumber of samples taken for the determination of compositionshall be as follows:10.2.2.1 When samples are taken at the time the castings arepoured, at least one sample shall b
35、e taken for each group ofcastings poured from the same source of molten metal.10.3 Tension-test bars used in meeting the requirements of6.1 shall be separately cast for the sand, permanent mold, andcentrifugal casting processes. The results represent the proper-ties of the metal going into castings
36、poured from the same heat.The mechanical properties may not be the same as theproperties of the corresponding castings because of the solidi-fication effects of varying size, section, and design. Test barsfor continuous castings are taken from the castings andtherefore represent the properties of th
37、e casting.10.3.1 When the requirements of 6.1 have been compliedwith using separately cast test bars, additional tests may beperformed using test bars removed from the casting with testbar location and mechanical properties agreed upon betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser. It should be noted th
38、at theminimum requirements, listed in applicable specifications,were obtained using data from separately cast coupons. Testspecimens machined from castings may not achieve theseresults.11. Number of Tests and Retests11.1 Tests:11.1.1 A chemical analysis of each element with a specifiedlimiting value
39、 shall be made on each lot. Chemical analysis forresidual elements is not required unless specified in thepurchase order.11.1.2 One tension test shall be performed on each lot.11.1.3 Should the percent elongation of any tensile-testspecimen be less than that specified and any part of the fractureis
40、outside the middle two-thirds of the gage length or in apunched or scribed mark within the reduced section, thespecimen may be discarded and replaced by another from thesame lot.11.1.4 If the result of any test fails to conform to thespecified requirements, two retests shall be performed. If eitherr
41、etest fails to meet the specified requirements, the lot shall berejected.11.1.5 Should any of the properties be less than thatspecified and there is a discontinuity in the cross-sectional areaof the fracture, the specimen may be discarded and replaced byanother of the same lot.11.2 Retests:11.2.1 Wh
42、en requested by the manufacturer, a retest shall bepermitted when test results obtained by the purchaser fail toconform to the casting specification requirements.11.2.2 Retesting shall be as prescribed in the casting speci-fication for the initial test, except the number of test specimensshall be tw
43、ice that normally required for the test. Test resultsfor all specimens shall comply with the casting specificationrequirements. Failure to comply shall be cause for rejection.11.2.3 Chemical AnalysisIf one or more of the elementswith specified limits fail to meet the compositional requirementof the
44、product specification when determined from the sampleprepared in accordance with Practice E255, one retest cycleshall be permitted with a second composite sample prepared inaccordance with Practice E255.12. Specimen Preparation12.1 The specimen for chemical analysis shall be takenfrom the lot in suc
45、h a manner as to avoid contamination and berepresentative of the molten metal. Sample preparation shall bein accordance with Practice E255. Analytical specimen prepa-ration shall be the responsibility of the reporting laboratory.12.2 Tension-test specimens shall be prepared in accordancewith Practic
46、e B208.12.2.1 If any specimen is machined improperly or if flawsare revealed by machining or during testing, the specimen shallbe discarded and replaced by another from the same lot.13. Test Methods13.1 Chemical Composition:13.1.1 The chemical analysis methods used for the routinedetermination of sp
47、ecification compliance and preparation oftest reports shall be at the discretion of the laboratory perform-ing the analysis.13.1.2 In case of disagreement on chemical composition,referee analytical methods for copper alloys other than copper-beryllium alloys (Specification B770) are given in Table 1
48、.Referee analytical methods for copper-beryllium alloys aregiven in the Annex of Specification B194.TABLE 1 Referee Chemical Analytical MethodsElement Range or % max Test MethodsAluminum (Al) 0.00513.5 E478Antimony (Sb) 0.05-0.70 E62Arsenic (As) 0.0-0.50 E62Bismuth (Bi) 0.16 JIS H 1068Carbon (C) 0.0
49、-0.50 E76Copper (Cu) 50.0-99.75 E478Iron (Fe) 0.003-1.250.0-5.0E478E54Lead (Pb) 0.002-15.02.0-30.0E478;Atomic AbsorptionE478; TitrimetricManganese (Mn) 0.10-12.012.0-23.0E62E581Nickel (Ni)(incl Cobalt (Co)0.0-5.0 E478; PhotometricPhosphorus (P) 0.01-1.0 E62Silicon (Si) 0.005-5.50 E54;Perchloric AcidDehydrationSulfur (S) 0.05-0.08 E76:Direct CombustionTin (Sn) 0.01-1.00.50-20.0E478; PhotometricE478; TitrimetricZinc (Zn) 0.02-2.02.0-40.0E478;Atomic AbsorptionE478; TitrimetricB824 17313.1.3 The determination of magnesium, niobium,zirconium, and titanium, for w
