1、2015届安徽蚌埠五河高级中学高三上期中英语试卷与答案(带解析) 其他 Until just a few years ago, we doctors believed that the brain stopped making new neural(神经系统的 )connections (meaning that your memory began to get worse)when the body stopped developing, usually in your early 20s. And we knew that, like any other body part, neuron
2、s weaken as we age. Loss of brain function due to neural breakdown was assumed to be a normal, unavoidable part of aging. It turns out that we were wrong. In the past few years, it has been discovered that you can, in fact, make new neurons starting in your 20s and continuing well into old age. You
3、can literally rewire the brain with new parts as the older parts wear out. How? Simple: Keep learning. Just as your body can pack on and condition new muscle, your brain can rebuild used-up neurons. How strong is the evidence for this? Strong enough that a $200 million industry devoted to brain boos
4、ting software (products like Brain Age, MindFit, and Lumosity that supposedly improve your memory function)has sprung up out of nowhere. All“mental fitness”means are keeping your memory intact(everything from phone numbers to how to throw a football) So what can you do to stay smart Keep blood press
5、ure down. People with high blood pressure are more likely to develop cognitive impairment later in life. Eat more vitamins. Like E(in nuts and sunflower seeds), B6 and B12(beef, tuna),and folic acid(leafy greens, citrus, berries), which help keep your brains chemistry in balance. Exercise your brain
6、. This is the best way to rebuild and strengthen those precious neurons. Learn to play chess or the guitar. When youre at a stoplight, try to recall the starting lineup of the 1983 Celtics. See a movie that doesnt feature Ben Stiller. Or read, like, a book. Title: How to keep the【小题 1】 _smart? Previ
7、ous 【小 题 2】_ The brain no longer makes new neural connections once the 【小题3】 _ of ones body has stopped. New 【小题 4】_ New neurons continue to occur even in ones old age. 【小题 5】 _contributes to the development of the new parts of your brain. Many products which claim to improve your brain function app
8、ear in the 【小题 6】 _. 【小题 7】_ Keep yourself away from 【小题 8】 _blood pressure. 【小题 9】 _in more vitamins for the needs of your brain. 【小题 10】 _your brain as much as you can. 答案:【小题 1】 brain 【小题 2】 belief 【小题 3】 growth/development 【小题 4】 discoveries 【小题 5】 Learning 【小题 6】 market 【小题 7】 Advice/Suggestion
9、s/Tips 【小题 8】 high 【小题 9】 Take 【小题 10】 Use/Exercise 试题分析:本文主要是讲述关于如何使得大脑能够保持灵活和聪明 ,并就如何保持大脑的聪明给出一些建议。 【小题 1】原词重现题:第一段的第一句提到 the brain stopped making new neural,而后文在论述如何保持大脑的活力,所以填名词 brain。 【小题 2】词性转化题:第一段提到了 we doctors believed that the brain stopped making new neural,说明以前的观点是这样的,但是此处要将动词改为名词,填 beli
10、ef。 【小题 3】词性转化题:第一段中提到了 when the body stopped developing在身体不会继续生长的时候,大脑也不会生长了可知,此处要填写的,是表示生长的词汇。但是此处需要填写名词,所以写 development或者 growth皆可。 【小题 4】词性转化题:第二段中提到了 it has been discovered that you can,说明了这种观点被发现了,此处则需要一个名词表示新的发现,所以填discoveries。 【小题 5】原词重现题:第二段中提到了保持聪明的头脑要 Keep learning,所以此处填写名词 Learning。 【小题
11、6】句意理解题:文章中提到了现在出现了很 多产品声称能够帮助大脑清醒起来,能够提高智力,所以也就是说,在市场上,这种产品已经出现了。所以本题填写 market。 【小题 7】句意理解题:前面提到了 So what can you do to stay smart 表示我们能够为保持聪明做一些什么事情,所以下面应该就会提一些我们能够做的来让我们保持聪明的建议。所以本空应该填 Advice/Suggestions/Tips。 【小题 8】词义转换题:前文说道 Keep blood pressure down 保持血压较低,也就是说血压不能过高,故此处填 high。 【小题 9】词义转换题:上文提到
12、 Eat more vitamins可以知道,建议要多吃维他命,所以本空应该填 Take 【小题 10】原词重现题:前文提到了 Exercise your brain.所以本空的答案:应该是 Use/Exercise。 考点:考查任务型阅读。 单项选择 * What about traveling to Kunming by air this winter holiday _ , but my father promised to take me to Sydney. A I cant B All right C Sounds great D No way 答案: C 试题分析: A.我不能。
13、 B.那好吧。 C.听起来不错呀! D.不可能。句意: 今年寒假咱们坐飞机去昆明旅游怎么样? 听起来不错,不过我爸爸答应了带我去悉尼。 考点:考查交际用语。 Now their talks have reached a key stage_one side must give in to the other. A which B that C where D how 答案: C 试题分析:句意:现在他们的谈话已经进入白热化阶段了。所以双方必须有一方要让步。本题考查的是定语从句的关系词。本从句中缺少状语,而且先行词是 stage,关系词常常用 where所以答案:是 C。 考点:考查定语从句。
14、There is a big garden in the residential buildings, _actually has become a good place for people to meet and communicate. A where B in which C that D which 答案: D 试题分析:句意:在那个住宅区有个大公园。它现在已经变成了人们见面和交流的一个好去处了。本题考查的是非限制性定语从句。而非限制性定语从句出现时,关系代词只能是 which.所以答案:选择 D。 考点:考查非限制性定语从句。 She was so_that she wouldnt
15、 give in until she received a full apology. A simple B lucky C stubborn D proper 答案: C 试题分析: A.简单的。 B.幸运的。 C.固执的;顽固的。 D.合适的;正当的;应该的。句意:她太固执了所以直到她得到了一个很详尽的解释才做出让步。由句子表达的转折的意思可以得知空白处应该是一个和 give in相对立的词。综合上面各个选项, C最合适。 考点:考查形容词辨析 _life in a new country can be difficult, it can broaden a persons view of
16、 the world. A If B Although C Because D While 答案: B 试题分析: A.如果。 B.尽管。 C.因为。 D.当 时。句意:虽然生活在一个陌生的国家会很困难,但是能够开阔一个人的视野。本句中,前后句是转折关系。所以综合上面选项,答案:选 B。 考点:考查连接词 The professor gives every one of us the impression_he is a real expert in this field. A which B that C where D what 答案: B 试题分析:句意:这个教授给我们每个人都留下了他真
17、正是这个领域的专家的印象。本句考查的是定语从句。本从句中,先行词包括了人和物,所以定语从句只能够用 that引导。所以本题选择 B答案:。 考点:考查定语从句 Darling, I didnt get promoted._ ! There will be loads of other opportunities. A Well done B What a pity C Cheer up D All right 答案: C 试题分析: A.做得好。 B.真可惜 !C.加油! D.好吧。句意: 亲爱的,我没有升职。 加油!还有很多其他的机会呢!根据句子意思,前者说话时感到非常失落,所以后者在鼓励他
18、。所以选 C。 考点:考查日常交际用语。 The grandma wants to train her grandson to be a musician because she finds he has a _ for music. A gift B present C power D strength 答案: A 试题分析: A.礼物;天赋。 B.礼物 ;瞄准;现在。 C.权力,政权。 D.力量;优点;长处。句意:这个老奶奶想把他的孙子训练成一名音乐家,因为她发现他在音乐上有天赋。根据句子意思,答案:选 A。 考点:考查名词辨析 Before the Libyan war_, many p
19、eople put away in safe places possessions they couldnt take with them. A broke down B broke out C broke up D broke off 答案: B 试题分析: A.失败;损坏;衰弱下来。 B.爆发。 C.结束,(使)散开。 D.(使)分离;(使)脱离。句意:利比亚战争爆发之前,很多人都将他们没法带走的财产藏在了安全的地方。战争的爆发用 break out这是固定的搭配。因为前面有war 所以答案:选 B。 考点:考查 break有关的动词短语搭配。 It is reported that th
20、e police will soon_the case of the two missing children. A look into B look after C look upon D look out 答案: A 试题分析 :A.深入检查;调查。 B.照顾;照料。 C.看作;看待。 D.向外看;面向;朝外。句意:据报道,警察很快就会去调查两名儿童失踪事件。根据本句话的意思,表示的是警察很快就会介入儿童失踪事件。根据句意判断答案:选 A。 考点:考查 look有关的动词短语搭配。 It is reported that the United States uses_energy as t
21、he whole of Europe. A as twice B twice as much C twice much as D twice much 答案: B 试题分析:倍数的表达有三种形式。 1.倍数 +as much/many+n.+as 2.倍数+as+adj./adv.+as 3.倍数 +the+n.+of 句意:据报道,美国能源使用量是整个欧洲的两倍。根据句子的句意,使用的应该是第一种表达方式。所以答案:选 B。 考点:考查倍数的表达。 The manager tried to explain the problem, but what he said didnt_to the
22、players. A get away with B get over C get down D get across 答案: D 试题分析: A.侥幸成功逃离惩罚。 B.克服;渡过。 C.下来;吞下。 D.横过(马路);(被)理解;(被)接收。句意:经理尝试着解释这些问题,但是他所说的并不能被这些演奏者所接受。根据句子意思,前文有 tried to 后文有 but作为转折,说明是不成功的。而与 explain the problem相对应的只能是 get across 。 考点:考查 get有关的动词词组搭配。 Everyone in my class passed the exam. Oh
23、, really ? It_difficult. A must be B neednt have been C cant have been D mightnt be 答案: C 试题分析:句意: 班上每个人都通过了考试。 哦,真的吗?那考试肯定不难。根据前文每个人都通过了考试可以得知,下文表示推测的应该是考试题目并不会很难。表示否定推测可能性时,只能用 cant而 B表示的是不必要 。所以选择 C项。 考点:考查情态动词 After losing $20, 000 on my last business, Im not_this time. A taking on B taking away
24、 C taking a chance D taking off 答案: C 试题分析: A.承担;呈现;雇用。 B.剥夺;拿开;减去。 C.冒险;碰运气。 D.(飞机)起飞;(经济)腾飞。句意:上次生意亏了 20000美元以后,我这次才不会冒险了。上半句提到了上次生意亏了 20000,所以根据句意应该是不想再冒险。所以答案:选 C。 考点:考查 take 有关的动词短语搭配。 Success in life doesnt happen_.Its the result of devoting your time and energy to what youve set out to do. A
25、by accident B by design C by force D by choice 答案: A 试题分析: A.偶然地,不经意地。 B.故意地;蓄意地。 C.靠武力;强行地。 D.自愿。句意:生活的成功并不会是偶然发生的。它是投入时间和精力到你着手去做的事情上的结果。跟后面的是投入时间和精力的结果相对应的,前面应该是一个表示后半句相反意思的短语。根据短语意思,选择 A。 考点:考查 by有关的介词短语搭配。 完型填空 It was Thanksgiving morning. In the crowded kitchen of my small home I was busy prep
26、aring the traditional Thanksgiving turkey_the doorbell rang. I opened the front door and saw two small children in _ clothes and thin little sandals(凉鞋 ), staying together at the door on the top step. “Any old_, lady? ” asked one of them. I was _. I wanted to say “no” until my eye_their sandals, whi
27、ch were wet with heavy snow. “_and Ill make you a cup of hot cocoa.” They walked _and sat down at the table. Their wet sandals left marks upon the_. I served them cocoa and bread with jam to fight_the freezing cold outside._I went back to the kitchen and started again on my household budget for Than
28、ksgiving Day. The silence in the front room struck me. I looked in. The girl held the empty cup in her hands, looking at it. The boy asked in a flat voice, “Lady, are you_? ” I looked at my old sofa covers. The girl put her cup back in its saucer(托盘 )_and said, “Your cups match your saucers.” Her vo
29、ice was_with a need that no amount of food could supply.They left after that, _their papers against the wind.They hadnt said“Thank you.”They didnt need to.They had_me that I had so much for which to be grateful.Plain blue china cups and saucers were_worth five pence. But they matched. I tasted the p
30、otatoes and the meat soup. Potatoes and brown meat soup, a roof over our heads, my man with a good steady jobthese_ , too. I moved the chairs back from the fire and_the living room. The muddy(沾上泥的 )_of small sandals were still wet upon my floor. Let them be for a while, I thought, just in case I sho
31、uld begin to_how rich I am. 【小题1】 A before B while C when D as A worn B strange C ordinary D smart A clothes B papers C cups D shoes A sad B nervous C busy D happy A fell upon B came at C went through D got into A Stand back B Turn around C Get out D Come in A over B out C off D on A door B floor C
32、ground D wall A about B against C for D in A Thus B But C Then D So A rich B kind C helpful D healthy A curiously B hopefully C carefully D silently A hungry B pleasant C deep D cold A turning B delivering C pushing D holding A reminded B promised C persuaded D told A really B even C well D only A m
33、atched B worked C mixed D agreed A decorated B equipped C emptied D cleaned A lines B prints C signs D steps A realize B doubt C forget D prove 答案:【小题 1】 C 【小题 2】 A 【小题 3】 B 【小题 4】 C 【小题 5】 A 【小题 6】 D 【小题 7】 A 【小题 8】 B 【小题 9】 B 【小题 10】 C 【小题 11】 A 【小题 12】 C 【小题 13】 A 【小题 14】 D 【小题 15】 A 【小题 16】 D 【小
34、题 17】 A 【小题 18】 D 【小题 19】 B 【小题 20】 C 试题分析:作者在感恩节时帮助两位收废品的小孩,从他们对生活的朴实的理解中受到启迪,明白了知足者常乐、生活充实就意味着富有的道理。 【小题 1】考查连词辨析。 A.在 之前;在 以前;比 更早。 B.在 期间;与 同时。 C.在 时候。 D.像;像 一样。本题是表示我正忙着做火鸡的时候,门铃突然响起来了。所以根据上下文意思,所以选 C。 【小题 2】考查形容词辨析。 A.破烂的;穿旧的,用旧的。 B.奇怪的;陌生的;生疏的 .C.普通的;正常的。 D.聪明的;漂亮的;整齐的。根据后文提到的 thin little san
35、dals 和 heavy snow可知,在冬天脚上还穿的凉鞋,小孩应该是很可怜的,所对应的衣服应该也是破旧的。综合上面的选项,所以选 A。 【小题 3】考查名词辨析。 A.衣服,衣物。 B.纸张。 C.杯子。 D.鞋子。根据 49空附近,作者让小孩子们带走了一些纸,可以知道,小孩子们是在这里找她要一些旧纸张。所以选 B 【小题 4】考查形容词辨析。 A.伤心的;忧伤的。 B.紧张的。 C.忙碌的。 D.开心的。根据前文所说的 I was busy preparing the traditional Thanksgiving turkey可知,作者当时的状态应该是非常忙碌的。所以选 C。 【小题
36、 5】考查动词词组辨析。 A.突然移动到某个位置。 B.扑向;向 逼近。 C.经历;翻阅 ,查找。 D.从事于,致力于;被批准入学。根据上文的 eyes和下文的 their sandals可知,作者是想表示他的眼睛突然转向了他们鞋子,所以选 A。 【小题 6】考查动词词组辨析。 A往后站,退后;(对某件事情)置身事外 B.(使)转身;(使)好转;改变意见。 C.出来;出版;(使)出现;作出。D进来,进入。根据后文作者邀请小孩们喝一些热可可可以知道,这时候作者是要邀请孩子们进入他们家。所以选 D。 【小题 7】考查介词搭配。 A. 穿过;走到另一地方。 B. 罢工;突然离开。 C. 离开;走开。
37、 D. 继续走;(演员)上 台。根据后文可以得知,作者邀请小孩进入他们家,小孩已经坐下了。所以前文要表示小孩走进来了。根据选项判断,所以选 A。 【小题 8】考查名词辨析。 A.门。 B.地板。 C.地面;土地。 D.墙壁。根据前文可以知道,穿着湿鞋子走进来的孩子们,在地板上留下了脚印。答案:选 B。 【小题 9】考查介词搭配。 A. 争夺,争吵。 B. 与 作斗争,与 争吵。 C. 为 而战。 D. 在某方面反对某人;在 作战。根据后文的 the freezing cold可知,这个地方是表示和外面的寒冷进行斗争。所以选 B. 【小题 10】考查连词辨析。 A. 因此。 B. 但是。 C.
38、然后。 D. 所以。根据后文 I went back to the kitchen and started again on my household budget for Thanksgiving Day.可以得知,坐着给他们提供了热饮之后,又回到了厨房继续准备火鸡。根据选项意思判断,答案:选 C。 【小题 11】考查形容词辨析。 A. 富有的;肥沃的。 B. 和蔼的;仁慈的。 C. 给予帮助的,愿意帮忙的。 D. 健康的;健全的。根据文章最后提到 how rich I am可知,此处小孩在问作者, 他是否非常富有。答案:选 A 【小题 12】考查副词辨析。 A. 好奇地;奇怪地。 B. 有
39、希望地;有前途地。 C. 小心地;警惕地。 D. 寂静地,沉默地。根据前文小男孩的 flat voice,说明两个小孩到陌生人家里,拿着带有托盘的茶杯,话都不敢大声讲,与前文照应,此处应该表示女孩也很小心翼翼。答案:选 C。 【小题 13】考查形容词辨析。 A. 饥饿的。 B. 开心的;高兴的。 C. 深的;深远的;深奥的。 D. 寒冷的。根据后文 no amount of food could supply可知,小孩说话就像没有吃饱饭似的,所以根据选项,答案:选 A。 【小题 14】考查动词辨析。 A. 转动;改变方向。 B. 发表;递送;传送。 C. 推动;逼迫。 D. 抓住,把握;保留。
40、根据后文 their papers against the wind是表示他们在寒风中紧紧抓住他们得到的那些纸张,根据选项,答案:选 D。 【小题 15】考查动词辨析。 A. 使记起,使想起。 B. 承诺,许诺。 C. 说服,劝服。 D. 告诉,使知道。根据后文 I had so much for which to be grateful可知,作者是 想说明,这些小孩让我想起了,我还有很多值得我去感激的东西。所以根据选项,答案:选 A. 【小题 16】考查副词辨析。 A. 真正地,真实地。 B. 甚至;更加。 C. 好;好意地。 D. 只,仅仅。根据后文的 but是一个转折。作者表示茶杯和托盘
41、只价值 5便士,但是他们却能够相匹配。答案:选 D。 【小题 17】考查动词辨析。 A.匹配,使配套;使相同。 B.使工作;使运 C.混合,;相容。 D.同意,赞成。作者提到了自己的土豆和肉汤,丈夫和,想说明属于自己的一切都搭配的非常好。而且上文也有提到茶杯和杯垫也是 matched。根据文意, 答案:选 A。 【小题 18】考查动词辨析。 A. 装饰,装扮。 B.装备,使具备。 C. 把 弄空,腾空。 D. 打扫。根据后文提到的 muddy可知,被鞋子踩过的地板脏了,所以作者要把地面的泥巴打扫干净。所以答案:选 D。 【小题 19】考查名词辨析。 A.线条,线路;方法。 B.照片;印刷字体。
42、 C.记号,符号。 D.步子;步骤。根据后文 small sandals were still wet upon my floor可知,留在地板上的是一些脚踩过的鞋印。答案:选 B。 【小题 20】考查动词辨析。四个选项含义分别是 A.意识到; 了解;实现。 B.怀疑,疑虑;不确定。 C.忘记;忽略。 D.证明,证实。本题题意是表示,作者希望能够将那些脚印留在那里一下,以免自己开始忘记自己有多富有。因为前文作者一直在表示,和那些小朋友比较,自己还是很富有的,但是自己一直都没有意识到,所以怕自己会开始忘记自己多富有。所以根据上下文意思,答案:选 C. 考点:考查叙事性短文完形。 阅读理解 Chr
43、istian Eijkman, a Dutch doctor, left the Netherlands for the island of Java. Many people on the island had a disease called beri-beri. He was going there to try and find a cure. At first, Eijkman thought some kind of germ (细菌 ) caused beri-beri. He raised some chickens. He didnt eat them, but made e
44、xperiments on them. The local people were quite surprised at that. One day he noticed that his chickens became sick when they were fed the food most Javanese ate refined white rice ( 精炼米 ). When he fed them with unrefined rice, also known as brown rice, they recovered. Eijkman realized that he had m
45、ade an important discovery that some things in food could prevent disease. These things were named vitamins. The Javanese were not getting enough vitamins because they had actually removed the part that contains vitamins. Later, other diseases were also found to be caused by the lack of vitamins in
46、a persons food. Today many people know the importance of vitamins and they make sure they have enough vitamins from the food they eat. If they dont, they can also take vitamin pills. 【小题 1】 Christian Eijkman went to the island of Java to _. A help the Javanese with their illness B find ways to grow
47、better crops C do some research about the island D spend his holiday 【小题 2】 Why did Christian Eijkman raise some chickens A To eat them. B To make money by selling them. C To give the Javanese a surprise. D To carry out his experiments. 【小题 3】 If a person doesnt get enough vitamins in his diet, hed better _. A eat more rice B eat vitamin pills C eat some chicken D eat more meat 【小题 4】 We can learn from the passage that _. A Christian Eijkmans experiment was successful B the Javanese didnt like vitamins C beri-beri was caused by chickens D the Javaneses disease was