1、2015届广东汕头潮师高级中学高三上期中英语试卷与答案（带解析） 其他 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案：填写在答题卷标号为 16-25的相应位置上。 A farmer once organized a competition between his dog and his rabbit. He dug a hole in one of his biggest fields, and hid a carrot and a bone in it. He wanted to see 【小题1】 animal wo
2、uld find them first. The 【小题 2】 (cheer) and optimistic rabbit threw himself into looking for the carrot, 【小题 3】 (dig) here and there, totally convinced that he would find it. But the dog, after sniffing around for a bit, 【小题 4】 (lie) down and began to complain about how difficult it was to find one
3、bone in such a big field. The rabbit dug 【小题 5】 hours, and with every new hole the dog complained even more about how difficult this was, even for the rabbit. 【小题 6】 the rabbit thought that each hole dug was one hole less that needed to be dug. When there was no place in the whole field 【小题 7】 (leav
4、e) to dig, the rabbit dug a tunnel right to 【小题 8】 the dog had been lying all the time. There he found the carrot and the bone. This is how the dog lost the game. He had come to 【小题 9】 right place at the very beginning but failed to find the bone 【小题 10】 he only complained and didnt try at all. 答案：【
5、小题 1】 which 【小题 2】 cheerful 【小题 3】 digging 【小题 4】 lay 【小题 5】 for 【小题 6】 But 【小题 7】 left 【小题 8】 where 【小题 9】 the 【小题 10】 because /since/a 试题分析：本文是一篇寓言故事。主人在地里埋下了骨头和胡萝卜，想看看狗和兔子哪个先找到。狗一直在抱怨，而兔子却不停地挖，它乐观的认为当它每挖完一个洞的时候，剩下的洞就越来越少，也就离目 标越来越接近。最后兔子在狗一直趴着的地方找到了骨头和胡萝卜。故事揭示的道理是：要想成功，少说话，多做事。 【小题 1】 which 考查疑问代
6、词。 从上文内容可知农民想看看狗和兔子哪个先找到埋在地里的东西，填 which。 【小题 2】 cheerful考查形容词。 根据 and后面的 optimistic可以判断此处也应该用形容词，修饰名词 rabbit，填 cheerful。 【小题 3】 digging 考查非谓语动词。从结构可知此处是非谓语动词做方式状语，dig和句子主语 rabbit之间是主动关系，用现在分词，填 digging。 【小题 4】 lay考查动词。分析结构可知此处是做谓语，说明狗的动作，根据文章时态判断用动词过去式，填 lay。 【小题 5】 for考查介词。 从语境可知此处表示兔子挖了几个小时，时间段前用介
7、词 for表示一段时间，填 for。 【小题 6】 But考查连词。根据前面内容可知狗在抱怨，兔子却认为每挖一个洞剩下要找的洞就少一个，由此可知此处表示一种态度的不同，一种转折，所以填 But。 【小题 7】 left考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知此处是修饰名词 place，用过去分词，意思是 “当整块地里没有剩下要挖的地方时 .” ，填 left。 【小题 8】 where考查副词。此处是介词后面的宾语从句，从句是主谓结构，所以填连接副词，根据语境可知填 where。句意：这只兔子挖了一条隧道直通狗一直躺着的地方。 【小题 9】 the考查冠词。 名词 place是可数名词，而且后面有定语
8、限制，特指埋东西的地方，故填定冠词 the。 【小题 10】 because /since/as考查连词。从内容可知前后句子是因果关系，所以填连词 because， since或者 as。 考点：考查语法填空 完型填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 115 各题所给的 A、 B、 C和 D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将对应的该项涂黑。 When asked to point out one or two things that are most important to themselves，many put friends ahead of homes， jobs， clothes
9、and cars. A true carries a long history of experience that determines who we are and keeps us connected. It is a we should prove it. ， the better friends you are， the more probably youll have disagreements. And the can be what you dont want an end to finish the relationship. The good news is that mo
10、st troubled friendships can be .First， dont let your pride get in your way. Most of us can forgive each other when are brought out in the open. Second， _when youre wrong-even if youve been . Over the course of friendship， the best people make mistakes. Sometimes， it may be best if the wronged person
11、 the lead and apologizes. When you apologize， give your friend a to admit that he has been wrong. Third， see things from your point of view. And accept that friendships change as our needs and lifestyles change. Making friends can sometimes seem . The hard part is _the connections strong during the
12、nature ups and downs that have an effect on all relationships. My suggestion： Consider friendship an honor and a gift，and worth the effort to treasure and nurture(培养 ) 【A friendship B love C relationship D care 小题1】 A wealth B gold C jewellery D treasure A Personally B Naturally C Unfortunately D Lu
13、ckily A result B pace C future D minute A finished B mended C changed D prevented A discussions B questions C differences D interests A admit B punish C flee D apologize A blamed B wronged C punished D praised A still B even C yet D ever A takes B gives C gets D makes A reason B cause C chance D tim
14、e A brothers B fathers C enemys D friends A properly B finally C really D merely A difficult B hard C easy D likely A keeping B letting C proving D remaining 答案：【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 D 【小题 3】 C 【小题 4】 A 【小题 5】 B 【小题 6】 C 【小题 7】 D 【小题 8】 B 【小题 9】 B 【小题 10】 A 【小题 11】 C 【小题 12】 D 【小题 13】 B 【小题 14】 C 【小题 15】
15、A 试题分析：文章大意：当被问到人生中什么最重要时，人们往往会提到友谊。的确，友谊能照亮我们的人生，但是友谊越深厚，就越可能有分歧。本文主要讲述了当友谊出现分歧和裂痕时，如何去挽救处于崩溃边缘的友谊。在本文中作者给出了几条建议，比如把分歧坦白地讲出来，就能够取得彼此的谅解，能挽救这段友谊。 【小题 1】 A名词辨析。 A. friendship友谊； B love 爱； C relationship 关系； D care关心。在下文中多次提到 friends， friendship等，而且根据全文内容可知文章的中心内容是谈论友谊，故答案：选 A。 【小题 2】 D名词辨析。 A. wealth
16、 财富； B gold 黄金； C jewellery 珠宝； D treasure宝藏，珍宝。从情理可知真正的友谊是一种财富， wealth是不可数名词，而 gold和 jewellery指具体的物品，故答案：选 D。 【小题 3】 C副词辨析。 A. Personally个人地； B Naturally 自然地； C Unfortunately不幸地； D Luckily幸运地。上文提到友谊是一种财富，而下文表 述的内容却是好朋友之间容易产生分歧，所以这是不幸的事情，选 C。 【小题 4】 A名词辨析。 A. result 结果； B pace 步伐，脚步； C future未来； D m
17、inute分钟。根据句子后部分内容可知这是朋友之间产生分歧后造成的结果，选 A。句意：结果可能就是你所不希望的情况 -友谊的结束。 【小题 5】 B动词辨析。 A. finished 完成； B mended 修理； C changed改变； D prevented防止。上文提到朋友间产生分歧后容易出现友谊的破裂，而此处的 “good news”暗示友谊可以重新获得或者裂痕可以弥补，故答案：选 B。 【小题 6】 C名词辨析。 A. discussions讨论； B questions 问题；C differences 不同，区别； D interests兴趣，利益。根据上文内容可知友谊的破裂
18、往往是因为朋友间出现的 “disagreements.”，所以当所有的分歧被当面提出来后，一切就可以解决了，选 C。 【小题 7】 D动词辨析。 A. admit承认； B punish惩罚； C flee逃离； D apologize道歉。根据情理可知做错了事情要道歉， 而且下文中的 When you apologize，也是提示信息，填 D。 【小题 8】 B动词辨析。 A. blamed责备； B wronged 冤枉； C punished惩罚； D praised表扬。根据前句内容和 even if“即使，尽管 ”可以判断作者建议人们做错事情的时候要道歉，即使是被冤枉的时候也要主动道
19、歉，这样有益于友谊的保持，下文中的 the wronged person也是提示信息，故答案：选 B 【小题 9】 B副词辨析。 A. still仍然； B even甚至； C yet 然而； D ever曾经。从语境判断作者指任何人都会犯错，即使是最优秀的人也一样，此处表示一种让步关系，故答案：选 B。 【小题 10】 A动词辨析。 A. takes 带走； B gives 给予； C gets 得到； D makes制成。固定短语： take the lead“领头，带头 ”。选 A。句意：有时候，如果被冤枉的人首先道歉的话，可能会有更好的结果。 【小题 11】 C名词辨析。 A. rea
20、son 原因； B cause 缘由，起因； C chance 机会； D time时间。从语境判断此处指给对方一个承认错误的机会，短语： a chance to do sth，其他不符合语境。 【小题 12】 D名词辨析。 A. brothers 兄弟的； B fathers 父亲的； C enemys敌人的； D friends朋友的。从上文可知文章讲述的是如何修复出现分歧的友谊，所以应该从朋友的角度去看问题，选 D。 【小题 13】 B副词辨析。 A. properly 恰当地； B finally 最终，最后； C really 真正地； D merely仅仅，只。根据上文引起几条建议
21、的连接词 First， second ，Third，可以判断此处填 finally，表示顺序。 【小题 14】 C形容词辨析。 A. difficult 困难的； B hard 艰难的； C easy 容易的； D likely可能的。根据后句中 The hard part可以判断此处指交朋友容易，但是保持友谊难，选 C。 【小题 15】 A动词辨析。 A. keeping 保持； B letting 出租，让； C proving证实； D remaining剩下。从上文讲述的内容可知交朋友容易，但是坚守一份友谊不容易，友谊的维持需要双方的努力，所以填 A。 考点：考查社会生活类短文阅读 阅
22、读理解 A primary school in UK has banned Valentines Day cards because of concerns that young pupils spend too much time talking about boyfriends and girlfriends. Ashcombe Primary School in WestonSuperMare， Somerset， has told parents that cards declaring love can be“confusing” for children under the age
23、 of 11， who are still emotionally and socially developing. In this months newsletter(通讯 )， Peter Turner， the head teacher， warned that any cards found in school would be confiscated(没收 ) He wrote： “We do not wish to see any Valentines Day cards in school this year. Some children and parents encourag
24、e a lot of talk about boyfriends and girlfriends. We believe that such ideas should wait until children are mature enough emotionally and socially to understand the commitment involved in having or being a boyfriend or girlfriend.”Mr.Turner said any families wanting to support the Valentines Day ide
25、a should send cards in the post or deliver them to home addresses by hand. His views were endorsed by Ruth Rice,46， who has twins Harriet and Olivia at the school. She said， “Children at that age shouldnt really be thinking about Valentines Day， they should be concentrating on their schoolwork.”They
26、 are at an age when they are impressionable(易受影响的 )and most parents including myself are with Mr.Turner. “She added that the cards cause” too much competition. If someone gets a card and another doesnt， then someone will be disappointed. However， Rajeev Takyar,40， who has two children Jai,11， and Ar
27、yan， five， at the school， said he was “outraged” He said， “There are schools that have banned conkers(栗子游戏 )and snowballs， and now Valentines Cards.”I think banning the cards stops children from having social skills. How are they going to learn about relationships otherwise？ Its ridiculous. Alec Sut
28、tenwood， father of three children，said of the ban： “Its totally ridiculous. Young children just send the cards to each other as friends and to their parents. Its just a bit of harmless fun. There is no difference between this and Mothers or Fathers Day.” 【小题 1】 Which of the following is the best tit
29、le A Ban on Valentines Day cards at school is well received. B Ban on Valentines Day cards at school causes argument. C British children spend too much time talking about love. D A British high school bans Valentines Day cards. 【小题 2】 The underlined word “endorsed” means_. A criticized B quoted C di
30、sapproved D approved 【小题 3】 What do you know about Harriet and Olivia A They will send Valentines Day cards this year. B They are strongly against the schools decision. C They are of the same age. D They are the children of Rajeev Takyar. 【小题 4】 According to Rajeev Takyar， _. A sending Valentines Da
31、y cards helps develop childrens social skills B banning Valentines Day cards will benefit children C the cards cause too much competition among children D children are too young to talk about love 【小题 5】 The newsletter by Peter Turner probably appeared on_. A February 22 B February 6 C March 18 D Au
32、gust 1 答案：【小题 1】 B 【小题 2】 D 【小题 3】 C 【小题 4】 A 【小题 5】 B 试题分析：孩子们之间应该送情人卡吗？这一话题在英国引起了争论。这场争论是由英国一所小学的校长禁止学生之间送情人卡的规定而引发的。不同的人对此有不同的看法，有的家长认为孩子们情感发育不成熟，应该禁止。而有的家长却认为这样做妨碍了孩子社交能力的培养。 【小题 1】 B主旨大意题。文章开头介绍了一所小学禁止情人节贺卡的事情，然后解释了校长这样做的原因。再随后的两段中作者又分别讲述了来自家长的两种不同的观点看法，由此判断文章中心内容是关于小学禁止情人节贺卡所引发的争议，故 B选项内容可以作为标
33、题。 【小题 2】 D词 意猜测题。根据后面 Ruth Rice,所说的话可以判断这位家长对校长的做法是持赞同态度的，由此推测该词意思是 “赞同 ”，选 D。 【小题 3】 C细节理解题。根据文章第三段中 who has twins Harriet and Olivia at the school.可知这两个孩子是双胞胎，所以年龄相同，选 C。 【小题 4】 A细节理解题。根据第四段中 Rajeev Takyar所说的话 “,I think banning the cards stops children from having social skills. How are they goin
34、g to learn about relationships otherwise？ Its ridiculous.”可知他认为孩子互换卡片有助于交往能力的培养，选 A。 【小题 5】 B推理判断题。本文是关于禁止情人节卡片的，而且根据第二段中校长所写的 “We do not wish to see any Valentines Day cards in school this year.”可以判断这则新闻应该是在情人节之前，选 B。 考点：考查社会教育类短文阅读 A black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that
35、even light cannot get out. The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space. This can happen when a star is dying. Because no light can get out, people cant see black holes. Space telescopes with special tools can help find black holes. The special tools can see how stars
36、that are very close to black holes act differently from other ones. Black holes can be big or small. Scientists think the smallest black holes are as small as just one atom. These black holes are very tiny but have the mass of a large mountain. Mass is the amount of matter, or “staff”, in an object.
37、 Another kind of black hole is called “stellar”(星球黑洞 ). Its mass can be up to 20 times more than the mass of the sun. There may be many stellar mass black holes in Earths galaxy. Earths galaxy is called the Milky Way. The largest black holes are called “supermassive”(超大质量黑洞 ). These black holes have
38、 masses that are more than one million suns together. Scientists have found proof that every large galaxy contains a supermassive black hole at its center. The supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy has a mass equal to about four million suns and would fit inside a very large
39、ball that could hold a few million Earths. Scientists think the smallest black holes formed when the universe began. Stellar black holes are made when the center of a very big star falls in upon itself, or falls apart. When this happens, it exploded part of the star into space. Scientists think supe
40、rmassive black holes were made at the same time as the galaxy they are in.来源 :学 #科 #网 A black hole can not be seen because strong gravity pulls all of the light into the middle of the black hole. But scientists can see how the strong gravity affects the stars and gas around the black hole. Scientist
41、s can study stars to find out if they are flying around, or orbiting a black hole. When a black hole and a star are close together, high-energy light is made. This kind of light cannot be seen with human eyes. Scientists use satellites and telescopes in space to see the high-energy light. 【小题 1】 The
42、 gravity of a black hole may become so strong that light cannot get out when _. A the star is going to die B special tools are used on it C other stars come close to it D it is seen from the space telescopes 【小题 2】 According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true A A black hole can be ve
43、ry tiny but extremely heavy. B The gravity of a black hole holds all light in its center. C Scientists observe high-energy light through their own eyes. D Some small black holes came into being as early as the universe. 【小题 3】 Which can be inferred from the passage A Every galaxy must have a black h
44、ole. B A galaxy is the center of the universe. C A galaxy consists of a large group of stars and planets. D Earths galaxy is called the Milky Way. 【小题 4】 What does the last sentence in Paragraph 5 suggest A Neither the sun nor the earth is as heavy as a black hole. B There is only one supermassive b
45、lack hole at the center of the Milky Way. C The supermassive black hole had existed before the Milky Way was formed. D There is a reason why the large black holes are called “supermassive”. 【小题 5】 The last two paragraph mainly focus on the question of _. A what a black hole is B how black holes form
46、 C how big black holes are D how scientists know about black holes 答案：【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 C 【小题 4】 D 【小题 5】 D 试题分析：文章大意：文章介绍黑洞的形成，它的特点以及科学家探索研究黑洞的方法。 【小题 1】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中 “This can happen when a star is dying.”可知恒星的死亡可能会形成黑洞。故选 A。 【小题 2】细节理解题。根据第三段中 “These black holes are very tiny but have the
47、 mass of a large mountain”这些黑洞可能会非常小，但是有一座山一样的质量，可知 A正确；根据倒数第二段中 “A black hole can not be seen because strong gravity pulls all of the light into the middle of the black hole.”黑洞不可见是因为强大的引力将所有的光线吸进黑洞的中间，可知 B项正确；根据最后一句“Scientists use satellites and telescopes in space to see the high-energy light.”科学
48、家们使用卫星和太空望远镜查看高能光，可知科学家不是用自己的眼睛，因此 C错误；根据第六段中 “Scientists think the smallest black holes formed when the universe began.”科学家认为最小的黑洞在宇宙开始时形成，可知 D项正确。故选 C。 【小题 3】推理判断题。根据第四段中 “Earths galaxy is called the Milky Way”地球所在的星系叫银河系，常理可知星系是有很多星星组成的。故选 C。 【小题 4】推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句 “The supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy has a mass equal to about four million suns and would fit inside a very large ball that could hold a few million Earths.”在银河系中心的超大质量黑洞的质量相当于四百万个太阳 ,是一个可以容纳几百万地球在内的巨大的球，由此可知
