1、2012年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语（湖北卷带解析） 单项选择 * Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to _ our schools campaign “Help the Needy”, which was started by our former headmaster three years ago. A sponsor B launch C organize D plan 答案： A The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct _ in applying for a vi
2、sa. A pattern B procedure C program D perspective 答案： B It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any _. A symptom B similarity C sample D shadow 答案： A Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained _; people ar
3、e still looking for other possible solutions. A unchallenged B relevant C controversial D contradictory 答案： C Can you tell the _ difference between the words “require” and “request” I sometimes get puzzled by their meanings. A dramatic B regional C apparent D subtle 答案： D “Perhaps we need to send fo
4、r Dr. Smith to see what we can do about it,” Father suggested _ to his neighbor who had come to discuss the problem. A tentatively B thoughtlessly C definitely D rudely 答案： A The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks _ in the garden of a
5、 traditional home. A out of question B out of order C out of sight D out of place 答案： D Im so glad youve come here to _ this matter in person. A lead to B see to C turn to D refer to 答案： B Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to _ his courage. A hold up B keep up C set up D take up 答案： B Fina
6、lly, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and _ every page of my draft. A approved B quoted C polished D folded 答案： C 完型填空 I tend to accept any idea put forward by experts on TV. One day, a sociologist proposed that the 31 society has been consuming
7、 modern humans little by little. For fear that I would become a victim of the consumer society, I 32 hurried to a bicycle shop in my neighborhood. 33 the shopkeeper Mr. Johnson was selling me the bicycle, he said, “This is the best thing you 34 have done. Life has become hopelessly 35 . A bicycle is
8、 simple, and it brings to you 36 things: fresh air, sunshine and exercise.” I agreed. Happy as a child, I got on the bicycle and headed out onto the streets. After some time, I 37 at the other end of the town. I was 38 that this simple vehicle could let me 39 long distances in a fairly short time. B
9、ut how 40 did I really go Since I hated to be 41 , I went back to Mr. Johnson and asked him to 42 an odometer (里程表 ) on my bicycle. He agreed, but 43 , “An odometer without a speedometer (速度计 ) is like a 44 without a knife.” I admitted he was right and in a few minutes, the two devices (装置 ) were 45
10、 to the handlebars of my bicycle. “What about a horn ” he then asked. “Look, this horn is no larger than a matchbox and has many 46 .” Attracted by these functions, I bought the horn. “You cant leave the back part 47 ,” noted Mr. Johnson. He fixed a metal box with buttons 48 the seat, and said, “Is
11、there anything better than this oven when you feel 49 on your way I can give you a special discount.” I was not strong enough to 50 the offer. “I congratulate you once more; this is the best thing you could have done,” said Mr. Johnson in the end. 【小题1】 A adult B human C consumer D bachelor A eventu
12、ally B immediately C reluctantly D gratefully A Although B Because C As D Unless A would B should C must D could A boring B complicated C stressful D tough A natural B mysterious C complex D unique A gave up B broke down C calmed down D ended up A amazed B amused C confused D concerned A march B dri
13、ve C cover D measure A far B long C fast D deep A unreliable B impractical C unprepared D inaccurate A fix B check C repair D lay A swore B added C replied D concluded A pencil B fork C box D cake A distributed B converted C applied D attached A shapes B sizes C functions D models A loose B blank C
14、bare D incomplete A beside B before C below D behind A sick B hungry C hot D thirsty A consider B withdraw C make D resist 答案： 【小题 1】 C 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 C 【小题 4】 D 【小题 5】 B 【小题 6】 A 【小题 7】 D 【小题 8】 A 【小题 9】 C 【小题 10】 A 【小题 11】 D 【小题 12】 A 【小题 13】 B 【小题 14】 B 【小题 15】 D 【小题 16】 C 【小题 17】 C 【小题 18】 D 【小
15、题 19】 B 【小题 20】 D 阅读理解 Brrriiinnng. The alarm clock announces the start of another busy weekday in the morning. You jump out of bed, rush into the shower, into your clothes and out the door with hardly a moment to think. A stressful journey to work gets your blood pressure climbing. Once at the offi
16、ce, you glance through the newspaper with depressing stories or reports of disasters. In that sort of mood, who can get down to work, particularly some creative, original problem-solving work The way most of us spend our mornings is exactly opposite to the conditions that promote flexible, open-mind
17、ed thinking. Imaginative ideas are most likely to come to us when were unfocused. If you are one of those energetic morning people, your most inventive time comes in the early evening when you are relaxed. Sleepy peoples lack of focus leads to an increase in creative problem solving. By not giving y
18、ourself time to tune into your wandering mind, youre missing out on the surprising solutions it may offer. The trip you take to work doesnt help, either. The stress slows down the speed with which signals travel between neurons (神经细胞 ), making inspirations less likely to occur. And while we all shou
19、ld read a lot about whats going on in the world, it would not make you feel good for sure, so put that news website or newspaper aside until after the days work is done. So what would our mornings look like if we wanted to start them with a full capacity for creative problem solving Wed set the alar
20、m a few minutes early and lie awake in bed, following our thoughts where they lead. Wed stand a little longer under the warm water of the shower, stopping thinking about tasks in favor of a few more minutes of relaxation. Wed take some deep breaths on our way to work, instead of complaining about he
21、avy traffic. And once in the officeafter we get a cup of coffeewed click on links not to the news of the day but to the funniest videos the web has to offer. 【小题 1】 According to the author, we are more creative when we are _. A focused B relaxed C awake D busy 【小题 2】 What does the author imply about
22、 newspapers A They are solution providers. B They are a source of inspiration. C They are normally full of bad news. D They are more educational than websites. 【小题 3】 By “tune into your wandering mind” (in Para. 2), the author means “_”. A wander into the wild B listen to a beautiful tune C switch t
23、o the traffic channel D stop concentrating on anything 【小题 4】 The author writes the last paragraph in order to _. A offer practical suggestions B summarize past experiences C advocate diverse ways of life D establish a routine for the future 答案： 【小题 1】 B 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 D 【小题 4】 A How is it that sib
24、lings (兄弟姐妹 ) can turn out so differently One answer is that in fact each sibling grows up in a different family. The firstborn is, for a while, an only child, and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later. The next child is, for a while, the youngest, unti
25、l the situation is changed by a new arrival. The mother and father themselves are changing and growing up too. One sibling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother or an angry father. Sibling competition wa
26、s identified as an important shaping force as early as in 1918. But more recently, researchers have found many ways in which brothers and sisters are a lasting force in each others lives. Dr. Annette Henderson says firstborn children pick up vocabulary more quickly than their siblings. The reason fo
27、r this might be that the later children arent getting the same one-on-one time with parents. But that doesnt mean that the younger children have problems with language development. Later-borns dont enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and s
28、isters, learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between “I” and “me”. A Cambridge University study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially. Love-hate relationships were common among the chi
29、ldren. Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs. One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings, particularly if they are close in age. Researchers have found that the first two
30、 children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third. Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree by being more feminine than girls with sisters. A 2003 research paper studied adolescents from 185 families over two years, finding that those
31、who changed to make themselves different from their siblings were successful in increasing the amount of warmth they gained from their parents. 【小题 1】 The underlined part “in a different family” (in Para. 1) means “_”. A in a different family environment B in a different family tradition C in differ
32、ent family crises D in different families 【小题 2】 In terms of language development, later-borns _. A get their parents individual guidance B learn a lot from their elder siblings C experience a lot of difficulties D pick up words more quickly 【小题 3】 What was found about fights among siblings A Siblin
33、gs hated fighting and loved playing. B Siblings in some families fought frequently. C Sibling fights led to bad sibling relationships. D Siblings learned to get on together from fights. 【小题 4】 The word “feminine” (in Para. 4) means “_”. A having qualities of parents B having qualities of women C hav
34、ing defensive qualities D having extraordinary qualities 答案： 【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 D 【小题 4】 B It was a simple letter asking for a place to study at Scotlands oldest university which helped start a revolution in higher education. A 140-year-old letter written by a lady calling for her to be allowe
35、d to study medicine at St Andrews University has been discovered by researchers. Written by Sophia Jex-Blake in 1873, the seven-page document, which urged the university to allow women to study medicine at the institution, was released yesterday on International Womens Day. The document was discover
36、ed buried in the university archives (档案 ) by part-time history student Lis Smith, who is completing her PhD at St Andrews Institute of Scottish Historical Research. She said: “We knew that Sophia Jex-Blake and her supporters, in their effort to open up university medical education for women, had wr
37、itten to the Senatus Academicus (校评议委员会 ) at St Andrews in an attempt to gain permission to attend classes there, but we didnt know documentary evidence existed. While searching the archives for information about the universitys higher certificate for women, I was astonished to come across what must
38、 be the very letter Jex-Blake wrote.” In the letter, Sophia and her supporters offered to hire teachers or build suitable buildings for a medical school and to arrange for lectures to be delivered in the subjects not already covered at St Andrews. Although her letter was not successful, it eventuall
39、y led to the establishment of the Ladies Literate in Arts at St Andrews, a distance-learning degree for women. The qualification, which ran from 1877 until the 1930s, gave women access to university education in the days before they were admitted as students. It was so popular that it survived long
40、after women were admitted as full students to St Andrews in 1892. Ms Jex-Blake went on to help establish the London School of Medicine for Women in 1874. She was accepted by the University of Berne, where she was awarded a medical degree in January 1877. Eventually, she moved back to Edinburgh and o
41、pened her own practice. 【小题 1】 Sophia wrote a letter to St Andrews University because she wanted _. A to carry out a research project there B to set up a medical institute there C to study medicine there D to deliver lectures there 【小题 2】 Lis Smith found Sophias letter to St Andrews University _. A
42、by pure chance B in the school office C with her supporters help D while reading history books 【小题 3】 Sophias letter resulted in the establishment of _. A the London School of Medicine for Women B a degree programme for women C a system of medical education D the University of Berne 【小题 4】 When did
43、St Andrews University begin to take full-time women students A In 1873. B In 1874. C In 1877. D In 1892. 答案： 【小题 1】 C 【小题 2】 A 【小题 3】 B 【小题 4】 D When my brother and I were young, my mom would take us on Transportation Days. It goes like this: You cant take any means of transportation more than once.
44、 We would start from home, walking two blocks to the rail station. Wed take the train into the city center, then a bus, switching to the tram, then maybe a taxi. We always considered taking a horse carriage in the historic district, but we didnt like the way the horses were treated, so we never did.
45、 At the end of the day, we took the subway to our closest station, where Moms friend was waiting to give us a ride homeour first car ride of the day. The good thing about Transportation Days is not only that Mom taught us how to get around. She was born to be multimodal (多方式的 ). She understood that
46、depending on cars only was a failure of imagination and, above all, a failure of confidencethe product of a childhood not spent exploring subway tunnels. Once you learn the route map and step with certainty over the gap between the train and the platform, nothing is frightening anymore. New cities a
47、re just light-rail lines to be explored. And your personal car, if you have one, becomes just one more tool in the toolboxand often an inadequate one, limiting both your mobility and your wallet. On Transportation Days, we might stop for lunch on Chestnut Street or buy a new book or toy, but the tra
48、nsportation was the point. First, it was exciting enough to watch the world speed by from the train window. As I got older, my mom helped me unlock the mysteries that would otherwise have paralyzed my first attempts to do it myself: How do I know where to get off How do I know how much it costs How do I know when I need tickets, and where to get them What track, what line, which direction, wheres the stop, and will I get wet when we go under the river Im writing this right now on an airplane, a means we didnt try on ou
