1、BSI Standards Publication BS ISO 8812:2016 Earth-moving machinery Backhoe loaders Terminology and commercial specificationsBS ISO 8812:2016 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 8812:2016. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Tec
2、hnical Committee B/513/1, Earth moving machinery (International). A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct applicat
3、ion. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 0 580 81671 0 ICS 01.040.53; 53.100 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Stra
4、tegy Committee on 30 April 2016. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO 8812:2016 ISO 2016 Earth-moving machinery Backhoe loaders Terminology and commercial specifications Engins de terrassement Chargeuses-pelleteuses Terminologie et spcifications commerciales INTERNATIONAL STA
5、NDARD ISO 8812 Second edition 2016-04-01 Reference number ISO 8812:2016(E)BS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or
6、utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO cop
7、yright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.orgBS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E)Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions . 1 4 Base machine . 2 4.1 Types of backhoe lo
8、aders 2 4.2 Dimensions . 6 4.2.1 Operational positions of backhoe 8 4.2.2 Operational position of stabilizers and outriggers 9 4.2.3 Manoeuvring dimensions 10 4.3 Nomenclature 11 5 Attachment (tool) nomenclature 14 6 Performance terminology 14 6.1 General 14 6.1.1 ISO net power (engine) .14 6.1.2 Ma
9、ximum travel speeds 14 6.1.3 Braking performance 15 6.1.4 Steering capability .15 6.1.5 Turning radius 15 6.2 Loader operation 15 6.2.1 Rated operating load .15 6.2.2 Breakout force .15 6.2.3 Tipping load 15 6.2.4 Tipping load at specified height 15 6.2.5 Raising time .15 6.2.6 Lowering time .15 6.2
10、.7 Dump time 15 6.3 Backhoe operation 15 6.3.1 Maximum hoe tool force using bucket cylinders 15 6.3.2 Maximum hoe tool force using arm cylinders .15 7 Commercial literature specifications SI units (examples) .16 7.1 Engine 16 7.2 Transmission .16 7.3 Drive axles 16 7.4 Steering .17 7.5 Brakes 17 7.5
11、.1 Service brake 17 7.5.2 Parking brake .17 7.5.3 Secondary brake 17 7.5.4 Brake performance 17 7.6 Tyres and rims 18 7.7 Hydraulic system 18 7.8 System fluid capacities 18 7.9 Masses .18 7.10 Filtration system (type)18 7.11 Characteristics which can be affected by bucket selection (machine equipped
12、 with non-standard tyres) .19 Annex A (normative) Base machine Dimensions Symbols, terms and definitions .20 Bibliography .26 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iii Contents PageBS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
13、national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Inte
14、rnational organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those in
15、tended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see w
16、ww.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the documen
17、t will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and e
18、xpressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subco
19、mmittee SC 4, Terminology, commercial nomenclature, classification and ratings. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 8812:1999), which has been technically revised.iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 8812:2016INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 8812:2016(E) Earth-moving machiner
20、y Backhoe loaders Terminology and commercial specifications 1 Scope This International Standard establishes terminology and the content of commercial literature specifications for self-propelled crawler or wheeled backhoe loaders, as defined in ISO 6165, and their equipment. This International Stand
21、ard is not applicable to loaders equipped with a backhoe attachment in accordance with ISO 7131:2009, 3.3.1.1. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the ed
22、ition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 6165, Earth-moving machinery Basic types Identification and terms and definitions ISO 6746-1:2003, Earth-moving machinery Definitions of dimensions and codes Part 1: Bas
23、e machine ISO 6746-2, Earth-moving machinery Definitions of dimensions and codes Part 2: Equipment and attachments ISO 7131:2009, Earth-moving machinery Loaders Terminology and commercial specifications 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO
24、 6165, ISO 6746-1, ISO 6746-2 and the following apply. 3.1 backhoe loader self-propelled crawler or wheeled machine having a main frame designed to carry both front-mounted equipment (3.3) and rear-mounted backhoe equipment (normally with outriggers or stabilizers) Note 1 to entry: When used in the
25、backhoe mode, the machine is stationary and normally digs below ground level. Note 2 to entry: When used in the loader mode (bucket use), the machine loads through forward motion. Note 3 to entry: A backhoe work cycle normally comprises excavating, elevating, swinging, and discharging of material. A
26、 loader work cycle normally comprises filling, elevating, transporting and discharging of material. 3.2 base machine machine with a cab or canopy and operator protective structures if required, without equipment (3.3) or attachments (3.5) but possessing the necessary mountings for such equipment and
27、 attachments 3.3 equipment set of components (3.6) mounted onto the base machine (3.2), which allows an attachment (3.5) to perform the primary design function of the machine ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E) 3.4 optional equipment optional items of equipment (3.3) mount
28、ed onto the base machine (3.2) to increase, for example, capacity, flexibility, and comfort 3.5 attachment assembly of components (3.6) that can be mounted onto the base machine (3.2) or equipment (3.3) for specific use 3.6 component part or an assembly of parts of a base machine (3.2), equipment (3
29、.3), or an attachment (3.5) 3.7 Masses 3.7.1 operating mass OM mass of the base machine (3.2), with equipment (3.3) and empty attachment (3.5) in the most usual configuration as specified by the manufacturer, and with the operator (75 kg), full fuel tank, and all fluid systems (i.e. hydraulic oil, t
30、ransmission oil, engine oil, engine coolant) at the levels specified by the manufacturer and, when applicable, with sprinkler water tank(s) half full SOURCE: ISO 6016:2008, 3.2.1 Note 1 to entry: Ballast mass at delivery can be included if specified by the manufacturer. 3.7.2 shipping mass SM mass o
31、f the base machine (3.2) without an operator, with the fuel level at 10 % of tank capacity or with the minimum fuel level needed for machine shipping purposes as specified by the manufacturer, whichever is higher, with all fluid systems at the levels specified by the manufacturer and with empty spri
32、nkler tank(s), when applicable, and with or without equipment (3.3), ballast, attachment (3.5), cab, canopy, operator-protective structures, wheels and counterweights as stated by the manufacturer SOURCE: ISO 6016:2008, 3.2.6 Note 1 to entry: If the manufacturer intends that the machine be partially
33、 disassembled for shipping purposes, the masses of the disassembled items shall also be stated. 4 Base machine 4.1 Types of backhoe loaders Backhoe loaders are classified according to the following attributes. 4.1.1 Type of backhoe equipment 4.1.1.1 Side-shift backhoe See Figure 1. 4.1.1.2 Centre pi
34、vot backhoe See Figure 2.2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E) 4.1.2 Drive and steering system 4.1.2.1 Rigid frame, front-wheel steer, rear-wheel drive See Figure 3 a). 4.1.2.2 Rigid frame, front/all-wheel steer, all-wheel drive See Figures 3 b) and 3 c). 4.1.2.3 Rigid frame
35、, all-wheel steer, rear-wheel drive See Figure 3 d). 4.1.2.4 Articulated steering, rear-wheel drive See Figure 4 a). 4.1.2.5 Articulated steering, all-wheel drive See Figure 4 b). NOTE Backhoe linkage removed to improve clarity. Figure 1 Side-shift backhoe Figure 2 Centre pivot backhoe ISO 2016 All
36、rights reserved 3BS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E) a) Front-wheel steer, rear-wheel drive b) Front-wheel steer, all-wheel drive c) All-wheel steer, all-wheel drive4 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E) d) All-wheel steer, rear-wheel drive Figure 3 Rigid frame a) Rear-wheel dri
37、ve b) All-wheel drive Figure 4 Articulated steering NOTE Front and rear wheels could have different sizes. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E) 4.2 Dimensions See Figures 5 and 6. The dimensions indicated in Figures 5 and 6 shall be obtained with all tyres tangent to ground
38、 and at their recommended air pressure. For definitions of dimensions, see ISO 6746-1 and ISO 7131. For definition of dimensions strictly related to backhoe loaders, see Annex A. GRP AA5 HH2 HH5 HH4 HH3 HH1 AA4 AA1 LL1 AA2 L7 L1 L3 L5 L4 L19 2 H4 H3 H2 H1 H11 AA3 GRP A7 A3 a) Backhoe loader6 ISO 201
39、6 All rights reservedBS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E) W19 H4 W3 W1 GRP b) Centre pivot backhoe 2 H11 GRP L7 H7 W7 GRP c) Side-shift backhoe Key 2 swing pivot GRP ground reference plane Figure 5 Dimensions ISO 2016 All rights reserved 7BS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E) RR4 2,5 m RR3 RR2 HH21 HH22 HH23
40、 HH25 HH26 HH24 HH20 GRP RR1 RR6 RR5 Figure 6 Digging dimensions 4.2.1 Operational positions of backhoe The dimensions indicated in Figures 7 and 8 shall be obtained with the main bearing surfaces of the stabilizers on the ground and with all tyres tangent to ground and at their recommended air pres
41、sure. A8 Figure 7 Backhoe swing pivot axis (plane view)8 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E) GRP A9 Figure 8 Levelling angle 4.2.2 Operational position of stabilizers and outriggers 4.2.2.1 Overall width Stabilizers and outriggers shown in operating positions. See Figures 9
42、and 10. W7 Figure 9 Centre pivot backhoe ISO 2016 All rights reserved 9BS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E) W9 W6 W8 NOTE Backhoe linkage removed to improve clarity. Figure 10 Side-shift backhoe 4.2.3 Manoeuvring dimensions See Figures 11 a), 11 b), and 12. A2 W7 R1 R2 R4 R3 W5 a) Rigid frame and front-
43、wheel steer10 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E) W5 R1 R2 R4 R3 b) Rigid frame and all-wheel steer Figure 11 Manoeuvring dimension A1 W5 R3 R1 R2 R4 Figure 12 Manoeuvring dimensions (articulated frame) NOTE Bucket in carry position and backhoe in transport position. 4.3 Nom
44、enclature See diagram numbers. 4.3.1 For nomenclature strictly related to loader portion, see ISO 7131. 4.3.2 For backhoe equipment, see Figures 13, 14, and 15 and ISO 7135. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 11BS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E) Key 12 swing frame 13 swing pivot centre line 14 swing actuato
45、r/cylinder 15 main frame 16 outrigger (right or left) 17 outrigger cylinder (right or left) 18 outrigger pad (right or left) 19 side-shift frame (sliding frame) NOTE Backhoe linkage removed to improve clarity. Figure 13 Side-shift backhoe12 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E
46、) Key 12 swing frame 13 swing pivot centre line 14 swing actuator/cylinder 15 main frame 20 stabilizer (right or left) 21 stabilizer cylinder (right or left) 22 stabilizer pad (right or left) NOTE Backhoe linkage removed to improve clarity. Figure 14 Centre pivot backhoe a) Offset dimensions ISO 201
47、6 All rights reserved 13BS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E) LL17 WW14 W8 b) Offset dimensions (plain view) Key 1 bucket 10 boom pivot pin 2 bucket linkage 11 boom cylinder 3 guide linkage 1222 see Figures 13 and 14 4 bucket pivot pin 23 tie link 5 arm (extendable) 24 side deflection cylinder 6 bucket c
48、ylinder 25 extendable arm cylinder 7 arm pivot 26 quick coupler 8 boom 27 arm deflection pivot centre line 9 arm cylinder Figure 15 Backhoe with side deflection and extendable arm 5 Attachment (tool) nomenclature 5.1 Loader bucket 5.2 Backhoe bucket 6 Performance terminology 6.1 General 6.1.1 ISO ne
49、t power (engine) See ISO 9249. See ISO 14396. NOTE ISO 14396 can also be referenced for certain national or regional requirement purposes. 6.1.2 Maximum travel speeds See ISO 6014.14 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 8812:2016ISO 8812:2016(E) 6.1.3 Braking performance See ISO 3450. 6.1.4 Steering capability See ISO 5010. 6.1.5 Turning radius See ISO 7457. 6.2 Loader operation 6.2.1 Rated operating load See ISO 14397-1. 6.2.2 Breakout force See ISO
