1、raising standards worldwide NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BSI Standards Publication BS ISO 9465:2012 Alpine ski-bindings Lateral release under impact loading Test methodBS ISO 9465:2012 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implem
2、entation of ISO 9465:2012. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee SW/136/7, Snowsports equipment. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary pr
3、ovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012 ISBN 978 0 580 71577 8 ICS 97.220.20 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was
4、published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2012. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO 9465:2012 ISO 2012 Alpine ski-bindings Lateral release under impact loading Test method Fixations de skis alpins Dclenchement latral sous choc Mt
5、hode dessai INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9465 Second edition 2012-06-15 Reference number ISO 9465:2012(E)BS ISO 9465:2012ISO 9465:2012(E) ii ISO 2012 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
6、 or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01
7、 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in SwitzerlandBS ISO 9465:2012ISO 9465:2012(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International
8、 Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, a
9、lso take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical commit
10、tees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the pos
11、sibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 9465 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 83, Sports and recreational equipment, Subcommittee SC 4, Snowsports equipment
12、. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 9465:1991), which has been technically revised. ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiBS ISO 9465:2012ISO 9465:2012(E) Introduction This International Standard is one of a series dealing with the safety of ski-bindings. The other current In
13、ternational Standards are ISO 8061 and ISO 9462. National standards, complying with legal regulations, may be more extensive, for instance covering combined loading and ski deflection. International Standards are being prepared that address these aspects. To verify the safety of ski-bindings, it is
14、necessary to use all International Standards of the series and additionally the national standards covering those aspects which are not yet standardized internationally. The release and retention functions of ski-bindings are multifaceted and complex. The functions involve combinations of static and
15、 dynamic loading in varied release directions of the boot relative to the ski. This impulsive test method evaluates an important ski-binding function, but it should not be interpreted as conclusively evaluating the binding impulse release behaviour in general. The test evaluates the release and rete
16、ntion function of the binding in a single mode of binding release; other static and dynamic retention and release tests are not excluded by this standard test. iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 9465:2012Alpine ski-bindings Lateral release under impact loading Test method 1 Scope This Internation
17、al Standard defines an impact test for establishing the maximum impulse for retention of a test ski on the test sole in the lateral direction. The test provides a measure of the release/retention boundary for lateral release of a ski-binding for adults (type A according to ISO 9462) at a particular
18、ski-binding setting. The test method is designed to simulate the lateral impulsive loading during skiing located at the front part of the ski. The test permits the evaluation of a ski-bindings release and retention properties under expected loading rates. The test permits comparison of the release c
19、aused by lateral impulse to the ski for different binding system designs. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenc
20、ed document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 9462: 1) , Alpine ski-bindings Requirements and test methods ISO 9838, Alpine and touring ski-bindings Test soles for ski-binding tests 3 T erms and definitio ns For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 cont
21、act material material interface between the pendulum contact tip and the side wall of the test ski NOTE The contact material specification in conjunction with the pendulum release angle determines the duration and the magnitude of the impulse force during the impact test. 3.2 impact force force, the
22、 duration of application of which is short compared with the response time of the ski-binding/pendulum system 1) To be published. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9465:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 9465:2012ISO 9465:2012(E) 3.3 impulse product of mass and velocity of the impact parts NOTE A
23、ccording to Newtons second law of motion: m v = F Dt where F is the force; Dt is the period of time of the contact of force; m is the mass; v is the velocity of the impact. 3.4 test ski aluminium U-shaped channel NOTE 1 The tip and the tail of the test ski refer to the extreme points along the lengt
24、h of the channel in front of and behind the ski-binding that is mounted on the channel. NOTE 2 The test ski is described in 4.2.1. 3.5 test sole sole in accordance with ISO 9838, backed by a steel plate NOTE The test sole is described in 4.2.2. 3.6 goniometer instrument used to measure the angle of
25、the pendulum shaft relative to the vertical equilibrium axis at the pendulum bearing 3.7 pendulum shaft long, circular cylinder connecting the pendulum block to the pendulum bearing 3.8 contact tip steel hemispherical tip on the pendulum bearing 3.9 pendulum block rigid mass on the free end of the p
26、endulum shaft, upon which the contact tip is rigidly mounted 3.10 impact location point on the test ski side wall where the impact occurs 3.11 binding release condition whereby the binding has released the test ski from the test boot NOTE Binding release is defined by either a) the test ski separati
27、ng completely from the test boot, or 2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 9465:2012ISO 9465:2012(E) b) the test ski being offset from the boot toe by 5 mm or more and no visible recentering of the test ski on the test boot being observed for a period of up to 10 s, when an impact test is carried out
28、. 3.12 pendulum tower structure supporting the pendulum bearing, shaft and block 3.13 pendulum release angle rel angle between the pendulum shaft and the vertical when the pendulum shaft is released from the rest 3.14 pendulum bearing bearing mounted on the pendulum tower, supporting the pendulum sh
29、aft 3.15 sole support structure required to hold and position the test sole rigidly 3.16 pendulum rebound angle maximum angle between the pendulum shaft and the vertical, following impact of the contact tip and contact material during a test 3.17 percentage rebound percentage rebound is given by the
30、 following relative value, R R , in % where rebis the pendulum rebound angle; relis the pendulum release angle. 4 Test method 4.1 Principle The ski-binding is mounted on a standard test ski. The ski release binding is adjusted for a static release in accordance with ISO 9462:, 6.4. The release setti
31、ng is recorded. The test ski is mounted on the test sole. The sole is rigidly fixed during testing. The contact material between the test ski and the pendulum impact is as specified in 4.2.7. The standard pendulum applies impulsive loading to the test ski at the lowest point of the pendulum arc. The
32、 pendulum pivot friction and the contact material are evaluated according to 4.2.6.2 and 4.2.7.3 prior to and following the test of ski release bindings. Records of the evaluations are maintained. The pendulum release angle is decreased from a value sufficient to guarantee release of the binding fol
33、lowing a single impact of the test ski until the maximum angle for which retention of the binding is obtained. The release angle causing the ski-binding to release at the release/retention boundary is recorded. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 9465:2012ISO 9465:2012(E) 4.2 Apparatus 4.2.1 Test s
34、ki The test ski is a U-shaped channel section of aluminium with the following dimensions (see Table 1): Table 1 Dimensions of the test ski Dimensions in millimetresUSA size European size Length 500 2 500 2 Width 62 2 60 Height 35 5 40 Wall thickness 3,6 0,6 3 The toe of the boot sole shall be locate
35、d (75 1) mm from the tip of the test ski. The binding being tested can either be mounted directly on the test ski or on an original ski piece (ski interface), which then couples with the test ski. The total mass of the test ski and the ski interface shall not exceed 1 200 g without the binding, and
36、the length of the ski interface shall be within (700 10) mm. 4.2.2 Test sole The test sole shall conform to ISO 9838 except when the binding manufacturer specifies modifications for the sole design. The test sole is backed by a steel plate (216 4) mm (57 3) mm (10 1) mm. The test sole is bolted to t
37、he plate which is used for rigidly holding the test sole to the support. 4.2.3 Pendulum tower 4.2.3.1 The pendulum tower shall be sufficiently rigid that it does not influence the impact response of the test ski. 4.2.3.2 One configuration for the tower consists of a structure of four steel plates we
38、lded into the form of a hollow, square cylinder with external square cross-section dimensions (254 2) mm (254 2) mm and length (1 220 2) mm. The plate thickness is (9,5 0,5) mm. An additional steel plate of dimensions (330 2) mm (330 2) mm (25 1) mm is welded to the bottom of the cylinder, and a pla
39、te of dimensions (305 2) mm (381 2) mm (13 0,5) mm is welded to the top. The latter two plate surfaces are approximately parallel and perpendicular to the long axis of the cylinder. The base plate is drilled to allow the tower to be bolted rigidly to a concrete foundation in four or more places. The
40、 top plate forms a nearly rigid foundation for the pendulum bearing system. 4.2.3.3 The pendulum bearing base shall allow adjustment of the pendulum height and position by movement of the pendulum bearing in the plane of the pendulum motion. Height adjustment is required in order to guarantee proper
41、 impact of the contact tip with the impact location for bindings of different heights. Adjustment of the horizontal position is required in order to guarantee that impact occurs at the bottom of the pendulum arc. 4.2.4 Pendulum shaft 4.2.4.1 The pendulum shaft is a circular steel cylinder of mass (2
42、,3 0,1) kg. The shaft is (1 000 2) mm long with an outer diameter of (40 0,1) mm and an inner diameter of (35 0,1) mm. The shaft is mounted in the pendulum bearing so that it swings in a single vertical plane normal to the test ski. 4.2.4.2 The pendulum shaft is rigidly secured to the pendulum block
43、 on the end of the shaft furthest from the pendulum bearing. The pendulum block mass is (3 0,1) kg. The contact tip has a hardness of 45 HRC and a diameter of (10 0,5) mm and is rigidly fixed to the pendulum block. 4 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 9465:2012ISO 9465:2012(E) 4.2.4.3 The length fro
44、m the centre of the pendulum bearing to the point of impact on the contact tip is (1 025 5) mm. 4.2.5 Test sole support 4.2.5.1 The test sole support holds the test sole rigidly. 4.2.5.2 The support structure is constructed of heavy steel plate and is mounted in a concrete foundation in order to mai
45、ntain rigidity during impact. 4.2.5.3 The support adjustment allows movement of the test sole longitudinally for positioning the impact location relative to the contact tip. 4.2.6 Pendulum bearing 4.2.6.1 A roller bearing with an inner diameter of at least (12 0,5) mm supports the pendulum shaft on
46、the pendulum tower. 4.2.6.2 The pendulum bearing function is evaluated by a free oscillation test of the complete pendulum tower, shaft and block systems. No test ski or boot is involved. The pendulum is released from rest at a pendulum release angle of (12 0,5). The pendulum shall move through at l
47、east 60 complete oscillations before coming to rest at the vertical equilibrium. The number of oscillations is recorded. 4.2.7 Contact material specification 4.2.7.1 The contact material is chosen to produce a loading separation time from 20 ms to 100 ms at the toe of the test sole, which is similar
48、 to those measured during skiing. 4.2.7.2 The contact material shall be neoprene with shore A hardness from 60 to 65 and dimensions of (20 0,2) mm (20 0,2) mm (7 1) mm at 23 C. Contact materials constructed of metal, wood, acrylic plastic and other hard materials are specifically excluded, as well a
49、s contact materials from very soft materials that give long loading durations or large dissipation of energy. 4.2.7.3 The contact material shall be qualified for application through a resiliency test using the percentage rebound R defined in 3.17. The qualification test requires that the average percentage rebound lie between 34 % and 39 % (7 1) for a pendulum release angle of (11
