1、BSI Standards Publication BS ISO 9940:2015 Aerospace series Fluid, hydraulic, phosphate ester- base, fire resistant Technical specificationBS ISO 9940:2015 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 9940:2015. The UK participation in its preparation was
2、entrusted to Technical Committee ACE/69, Aerospace hydraulic systems, fluids and components. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsib
3、le for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015 ISBN 978 0 580 72835 8 ICS 49.080 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards
4、 Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2015. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO 9940:2015 ISO 2015 Aerospace series Fluid, hydraulic, phosphate ester-base, fire resistant Technical specification Srie arospatiale Fluide, hydraulique, esters phosphoriques, rsistant au fe
5、u Spcification technique INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9940 First edition 2015-08-01 Reference number ISO 9940:2015(E)BS ISO 9940:2015ISO 9940:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part
6、of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body
7、 in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.orgBS ISO 9940:2015ISO 9940:2015(E)Foreword v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Technical requirements 3 3.1
8、 General . 3 3.2 Fluid types. 3 3.3 Physical and chemical properties . 3 3.4 Products and manufacturers qualification . 4 3.5 Approved laboratories 4 4 Qualification requirements . 5 4.1 Absolute kinematic viscosity “” . 5 4.2 Water content “H 2 O” 6 4.3 Density “” 6 4.4 Acidity index “AI” Acid numb
9、er “AN” . 6 4.5 Electrical conductivity “ ” . 6 4.6 Chemical content . 7 4.6.1 Chlorine . 7 4.6.2 Other components 7 4.7 Pour point temperature 7 4.8 Flash point and fire point temperatures . 8 4.9 Auto-ignition temperature 8 4.10 Flammability test 8 4.10.1 Determination of wick flame persistence 8
10、4.10.2 Spray ignition test . 8 4.10.3 Manifold-Ignition test on a hot element 8 4.11 Colour Condition 9 4.12 Bulk modulus (Isothermal secant) 9 4.13 Thermal expansion coefficient “” 11 4.14 Dielectric resistance 11 4.15 Specific heat “Cp” .11 4.16 Solid particulate contamination 11 4.16.1 General.11
11、 4.16.2 Particle counting .11 4.16.3 Filterability “F” .12 4.17 Foaming 12 4.18 Toxicity 12 4.19 Stability .13 4.19.1 Shear stability 13 4.19.2 Thermal, corrosion and oxidation stability .13 4.20 In-service lifetime 15 4.20.1 General.15 4.20.2 Ampoule test method16 4.20.3 “1 Litre-Container” Test me
12、thod for fire resistance requirement in accordance with 4.8 .18 4.21 Material compatibility with qualified fluids (see list provided by the airframe manufacturer) .18 4.21.1 Compatibility with qualified fluids .18 4.21.2 Compatibility with elastomeric materials 19 4.21.3 Compatibility with paints 20
13、 4.21.4 Compatibility with electrical aircraft components .20 4.21.5 Compatibility with structural elements: adhesive, metallic parts (including tubes), composites .20 4.22 Lubrication 20 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iii Contents PageBS ISO 9940:2015ISO 9940:2015(E)4.23 Erosion tests of the hydrauli
14、c fluid .21 4.23.1 General.21 4.23.2 Test 1 Erosion System Test Bench representative of one aircraft hydraulic system .21 4.23.3 Test 2 Pumping Test 21 4.23.4 Test 3 Erosion Resistance Tests 21 5 Batches .21 6 Quality control .21 6.1 Hydraulic fluid acceptance tests .21 6.2 Physical characteristics
15、21 6.3 Chemical characteristics 22 7 Recommended limits 22 8 Marking .22 9 Packing and storage .22 Annex A (normative) Elastomer compatibility .24 Annex B (informative) Erosion tests 26 Annex C (normative) Fluid monitoring after A/C delivery .27 Bibliography .28 iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO
16、 9940:2015ISO 9940:2015(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested
17、 in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Comm
18、ission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents
19、should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible fo
20、r identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the
21、convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: For
22、eword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles, Subcommittee SC 10, Aerospace fluid systems and components. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 9940:2015BS ISO 9940:2015Aerospace series Fluid, hydraulic, phosphate ester-base,
23、fire resistant Technical specification 1 Scope This International Standard defines technical requirements, qualification and quality control conditions (product qualification, batch control, acceptance) test and measurement methods to be used by manufacturers for qualification of fire-resistant phos
24、phate-ester-base fluids used for hydraulic transmissions in aircrafts. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated referen
25、ces, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 37, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of tensile stress-strain properties ISO 48, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD and 100 IRHD) ISO 1817,
26、 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of the effect of liquids ISO 2592, Determination of flash and fire points Cleveland open cup method ISO 2921, Rubber, vulcanized Determination of low-temperature retraction (TR test) ISO 3016, Petroleum products Determination of pour point ISO 3104,
27、 Petroleum products Transparent and opaque liquids Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity ISO 3116, Magnesium and magnesium alloys Wrought magnesium alloys ISO 3675, Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products Laboratory determination of density Hydrometer method
28、 ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods ISO 4407, Hydraulic fluid power Fluid contamination Determination of particulate contamination by the counting method using an optical microscope ISO 6247, Petroleum products Determination of foaming characteristics of lub
29、ricating oils ISO 6618, Petroleum products and lubricants Determination of acid or base number Colour-indicator titration method ISO 6619, Petroleum products and lubricants Neutralization number Potentiometric titration method ISO 11171, Hydraulic fluid power Calibration of automatic particle counte
30、rs for liquids ISO 11218, Aerospace Cleanliness classification for hydraulic fluids ISO 11500, Hydraulic fluid power Determination of the particulate contamination level of a liquid sample by automatic particle counting using the light-extinction principle INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 9940:2015(E) IS
31、O 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 9940:2015ISO 9940:2015(E) ISO 12185, Crude petroleum and petroleum products Determination of density Oscillating U-tube method ISO 12937, Petroleum products Determination of water Coulometric Karl Fischer titration method ISO 13357-2, Petroleum products Determinati
32、on of the filterability of lubricating oils Part 2: Procedure for dry oils ISO 13573:2012, Corrosion of metals and alloys Test method for thermal-cycling exposure testing under high-temperature corrosion conditions for metallic materials ISO 14935, Petroleum and related products Determination of wic
33、k flame persistence of fire-resistant fluids ISO 15029-1, Petroleum and related products Determination of spray ignition characteristics of fire- resistant fluids Part 1: Spray flame persistence Hollow-cone nozzle method ISO 15597, Petroleum and related products Determination of chlorine and bromine
34、 content Wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry ISO 20823, Petroleum and related products Determination of the flammability characteristics of fluids in contact with hot surfaces Manifold ignition test EN 1652, Copper and copper alloys Plate, sheet, strip and circles for general purpo
35、ses EN 2395, Aerospace series Aluminium alloy AL-P2024A T4 or T42 Sheet and strip 0,4 mm a 6 mm EN 10130, Cold rolled low carbon steel flat products for cold forming Technical delivery conditions ASTM D 92 1) , Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup TesterASTM D 97 1) ,
36、 Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products ASTM D 445 1) , Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) ASTM D 664 1) , Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration ASTM
37、 D 877 1) , Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Liquids Using Disk Electrodes ASTM D 892 1) , Standard Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils ASTM D 974 1) , Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration ASTM D 1217 1)
38、 , Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer ASTM D 1298 1) , Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method ASTM D 2155 1) , Standard Test Method
39、 for Determination of Fire Resistance of Aircraft Hydraulic Fluids by Autoignition Temperature ASTM D 4052 1) , Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter ASTM D 4172 1) , Standard Test Method for Wear Preventive Characteristics of Lubrica
40、ting Fluid (Four- Ball Method) ASTM D 4636 1) , Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness and Oxidation Stability of Hydraulic Oils, Aircraft Turbine Engine Lubricants, and Other Highly Refined Oils 1) Published by: ASTM International www.astm.org2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 9940:2015ISO 9940:2
41、015(E) ASTM D 5621 1) , Standard Test Method for Sonic Shear Stability of Hydraulic Fluids ASTM D 6304 1) , Standard Test Method for Determination of Water in Petroleum Products, Lubricating Oils, and Additives by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration ASTM D 6443 2) , Test Method for Determination of C
42、alcium, Chlorine, Copper, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Zinc in Unused Lubricating Oils and Additives by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (Mathematical Correction Procedure) ASTM D 6793 2) , Standard Test Method for Determination of Isothermal Secant and Tangent Bulk Modulu
43、s ASTM E 1269 2) , Standard Test Method for Determining Specific Heat Capacity by Differential Scanning Calorimetry DEF STAN 03-19 3) , Electro-Deposition of Cadmium 3 Technical requirements 3.1 General The product shall be a fire resistant, phosphate ester-base fluid for hydraulic power transmissio
44、ns. Its chemical composition (additives, contaminants) and intrinsic physical and chemical properties shall be in strict compliance with the requirements of this International Standard. All delivered hydraulic fluids shall be fully compatible with any other phosphate ester-base fluid already qualifi
45、ed, whatever the mixture proportions. In the following clauses, the International Standard appearing in brackets shall be considered as an alternative method to the preceding standard, e.g. ISO 3104 (ASTM D 445); ASTM D 445 is an alternative standard to ISO 3104. 3.2 Fluid types Fluids types covered
46、 by this International Standard are listed in the Table 1 with their corresponding properties. Table 1 Type of fluid and properties Type of fluid Fluid properties IV “HD” (High Density) Fire resistant, low water content, anti-erosion, high viscosity at low temperature and high density “LD” (Low Dens
47、ity) Fire resistant, low water content, anti-erosion, low density V Fire resistant, low water content, low density, anti-erosion, improved thermal stability and in service lifetime. 3.3 Physical and chemical properties The main physical and chemical properties of the fluid covered by this Internatio
48、nal Standard are listed in the Table 2. 2) Published by: ASTM International www.astm.org 3) Published by: MINISTRY OF DEFENCE (United Kingdom) www.gov.uk/government/organisations/ministry- of-defence ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 9940:2015ISO 9940:2015(E) 3.4 Products and manufacturers qualif
49、ication The qualified products list appears in the AMM (Aircraft Maintenance Manual). 3.5 Approved laboratories All laboratories used should be ISO 9001 registered and AS/EN/JIS Q 9100 compliant. Table 2 Main characteristics and properties Property Unit Condition Requirements Test method(s) Sub clause Symbol TYPE IV TYPE V Preferred International Standard Alternative International Standard Absolute kinematic viscosity mm 2 s 1(
