1、Dynamic modules Part 6-6: Design guide Failure mode effect analysis for optical units of dynamic modules PD IEC/TR 62343-6-6:2017 BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of IEC/TR 62343-6- 6:
2、2017. It supersedes PD IEC/TR 62343-6-6:2011 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee GEL/86, Fibre optics, to Subcommittee GEL/86/3, Fibre optic systems and active devices. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained
3、on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017 ISBN 978 0 580 95204 3 ICS 33.180.20 Compliance wit
4、h a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2017. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD IEC/TR 62343-6-6:2
5、017 IEC TR 62343-6-6 Edition 2.0 2017-01 TECHNICAL REPORT Dynamic modules Part 6-6: Design guide Failure mode effect analysis for optical units of dynamic modules INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 33.180.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-3719-9 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical
6、 Commission Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. PD IEC/TR 62343-6-6:2017 2 IEC TR 62343-6-6:2017 IEC 2017 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 3 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions 6 4 Consideration of types of dynamic modules . 6 5 Typical fai
7、lure points 6 6 Failure modes and known failure mechanisms . 7 Bibliography 29 Table 1 Categorization based on the structure and mode of evaluation 7 Table 2 Failure mode and known failure mechanisms for the optical units of dynamic devices .8 PD IEC/TR 62343-6-6:2017IEC TR 62343-6-6:2017 IEC 2017 3
8、 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ DYNAMIC MODULES Part 6-6: Design guide Failure mode effect analysis for optical units of dynamic modules FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnic
9、al committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, T
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11、nmental and non- governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions
12、or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for internation
13、al use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to
14、 promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly
15、indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodie
16、s. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property
17、damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this
18、publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or a
19、ll such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard,
20、for example “state of the art“. IEC 62343-6-6, which is a Technical Report, has been prepared by subcommittee 86C: Fibre optic systems and active devices, of IEC technical committee 86: Fibre optics. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2011. It constitutes a techn
21、ical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) addition of the LCOS based and the DLP based wavelength selective switch (WSS); PD IEC/TR 62343-6-6:2017 4 IEC TR 62343-6-6:2017 IEC 2017 b) addition of the multicast optical swi
22、tch module (MCOS). The text of this technical report is based on the following documents: DTR Report on voting 86C/1396/DTR 86C/1421/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has be
23、en drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all parts in the IEC 62343 series, published under the general title Dynamic modules, can be found on the IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability dat
24、e indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. PD IEC/TR 623
25、43-6-6:2017IEC TR 62343-6-6:2017 IEC 2017 5 DYNAMIC MODULES Part 6-6: Design guide Failure mode effect analysis for optical units of dynamic modules 1 Scope This part of IEC 62343, which is a Technical Report, describes failure mode effect analysis (FMEA) for optical units of dynamic modules. FMEA i
26、s one of the effective and useful analysis methods to determine the reliability evaluation test items and conditions that are defined in future reliability qualification documents. In order to estimate the lifetime for a module, there is a typical procedure. The first step is to identify the dominan
27、t failure modes. The second step is to determine the acceleration tests according to these failure modes. The third step is to carry out the test. The fourth step is to estimate the acceleration factors. Finally, the fifth step is to calculate the lifetime of the dynamic module. IEC 61300-2 (all par
28、ts) defines environment and mechanical tests. This Technical Report describes the dominant failure mode for dynamic modules and relevant tests from IEC 61300-2 (all parts). 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content cons
29、titutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 61300-2-1, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components Basic test and measurement
30、procedures Part 2-1: Tests Vibration (sinusoidal) IEC 61300-2-4, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components Basic test and measurement procedures Part 2-4: Tests Fibre/cable retention IEC 61300-2-9, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components Basic test and measurement
31、 procedures Part 2-9: Tests Shock IEC 61300-2-17, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components Basic test and measurement procedures Part 2-17: Tests Cold IEC 61300-2-18, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components Basic test and measurement procedures Part 2-18: Tests D
32、ry heat High temperature endurance IEC 61300-2-19, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components Basic test and measurement procedures Part 2-19: Tests Damp heat (steady state) IEC 61300-2-22, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components Basic test and measurement procedur
33、es Part 2-22: Tests Change of temperature PD IEC/TR 62343-6-6:2017 6 IEC TR 62343-6-6:2017 IEC 2017 IEC 61300-2-44, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components Basic test and measurement procedures Part 2-44: Tests Flexing of the strain relief of fibre optic devices 3 Terms and defini
34、tions No terms and definitions are listed in this document. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electropedia.org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:/www.iso.org/obp 4 Consideration
35、 of types of dynamic modules There are many types of dynamic modules: dynamic channel equalizer, tuneable optical chromatic dispersion compensator, dynamic gain tilt equalizer, wavelength selective switch, wavelength blocker, optical performance monitor, optical switch, and so on. The main feature o
36、f dynamic modules is to control their performances during operation. In order to achieve their features, many kinds of control mechanisms are used for dynamic modules; micro electro mechanical system (MEMS), stepping motor, electromagnet, thermo optics, magnet optics, electro optics, liquid crystal
37、device (LCD), and so on. Table 1 shows the first guidance of categorization of dynamic modules and their mode of evaluation. Dynamic modules without an electrical circuit board can be considered similar to passive optical components for purposes of evaluation. On the other hand, for dynamic modules
38、with a control circuit board, it is necessary to give special consideration. There are mainly two types of internal design for dynamic modules: those for which it is easy to divide the constituting parts to consider the reliability, and those for which it is not easy to divide. It is necessary to co
39、nsider how to evaluate according to these structures. This document describes FMEA only for optical units for dynamic modules. It is necessary to evaluate whole dynamic modules including control circuit boards and firmware if used. 5 Typical failure points In addition to control circuit boards and c
40、ontrol of moving parts, a typical optical unit for a dynamic module consists of the following parts: optical element, outer package, fibre pigtails, optical semiconductor chips, and joint points of these elements. These elements have their own failure mode; for example, break for pigtails and displa
41、cement for joint points. Moreover, these elements may have their acceleration factor of degradation; for example, joint points fixed by adhesive are generally weak against high humidity. This failure mode analysis can be referred to FMEA for passive optical components (refer to IEC 62005-3). There a
42、re special considerations for dynamic modules. The following are some examples: when using MEMS, operating shock and vibration test are necessary because MEMS are sensitive to mechanical shock and vibration; when temperature control is used, the temperature cycling test is recommended because temper
43、ature control functions generally produce thermal stress; The temperature cycling test can accelerate thermal stress. PD IEC/TR 62343-6-6:2017IEC TR 62343-6-6:2017 IEC 2017 7 6 Failure modes and known failure mechanisms For some dynamic modules, FMEA is carried out. Table 2 shows known failure mecha
44、nisms, failure effects, failure modes, relevant tests, and IEC test document numbers for dynamic modules. If new technology and new dynamic modules become commercially available, they will be added to Table 2 in later revisions of this document. Relevant tests are listed with the failure effect and
45、the dominant failure mechanism. As other relevant tests or methods of failure mode excitation become known, these will also be added. Table 1 Categorization based on the structure and mode of evaluation Electrical circuits How to evaluate Examples Without electrical circuits N.A. As optical componen
46、t VOA, 1x2/2x2 optical switch, DGTE With electrical circuit Easy to divide optical and electrical unit As optical and electrical units individually, and as integrated dynamic module VOA, VOA-MUX, TDC (DCDC), DCE, matrix switch, channel monitor, performance monitor Difficult to divide optical and ele
47、ctrical unit To evaluate as integrated dynamic module Wavelength blocker (WB), Wavelength selective switch (WSS) Optical active and passive components should comply with the reliability qualification requirement defined in IEC 62572 (all parts) for active components and IEC 62005-9 (all parts) for p
48、assive optical components, respectively. In cases in which it is difficult to divide optical and electrical units, integrated modules should be tested. Electrical circuit boards should be qualified individually. The following standards series are useful references for the quality of electrical circu
49、it boards: IEC 61188 (all parts), IEC 61189 (all parts), IEC 61190 (all parts), and IEC 61191 (all parts). Three pieces should be tested. PD IEC/TR 62343-6-6:2017 8 IEC TR 62343-6-6:2017 IEC 2017 Table 2 Failure mode and known failure mechanisms for the optical units of dynamic devices Dynamic devices Constitution parts Known failure mechanisms Failure modes Degradation acceleration factors Relevant tests IEC references Variable optical at
