1、Intelligent transport systems Emergency evacuation and disaster response and recovery Part 1: Framework and concept of operation PD ISO/TR 19083-1:2016 BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation
2、 of ISO/TR 19083-1:2016. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EPL/278, Intelligent transport systems. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necess
3、ary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 0 580 94713 1 ICS 03.220.20; 13.200; 35.240.60 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. T
4、his Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2016. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD ISO/TR 19083-1:2016 ISO 2016 Intelligent transport systems Emergency evacuation and dis
5、aster response and recovery Part 1: Framework and concept of operation Systmes intelligents de transport vacuation durgence et intervention en cas de catastrophe et rtablissement Partie 1: Cadre et concept oprationnel TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 19083-1 Reference number ISO/TR 19083-1:2016(E) First edit
6、ion 2016-10-15 PD ISO/TR 19083-1:2016 ISO/TR 19083-1:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means
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8、14 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org PD ISO/TR 19083-1:2016 ISO/TR 19083-1:2016(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 6 5 Overview and framewo
9、rk requirements . 6 5.1 General . 6 5.2 Criteria for using public transport for evacuation and disaster response 7 5.2.1 Overview . 7 5.2.2 Planning assumptions for evacuations . 8 5.2.3 Other key considerations for disaster response and recovery efforts .11 5.3 Agencies and organizations involved i
10、n a regionally supported evacuations and disaster response and recovery.13 5.3.1 Overview 13 5.3.2 Local .13 5.3.3 Regional 13 5.3.4 National agencies .14 5.3.5 Other agencies 14 5.4 Roles and responsibilities 14 5.4.1 General.14 5.4.2 Disaster response roles and responsibilities for transportation
11、services 15 5.4.3 Disaster recovery roles and responsibilities 20 6 Concept of Operations template for Decision Support System for Public Transport Emergency Management .22 6.1 General 22 6.1.1 Background22 6.1.2 Overview 23 6.2 Scope of the PT-EEDRR-DSS .23 6.2.1 Operational need 23 6.2.2 User-orie
12、nted operational description 24 6.2.3 Scenario timelines and selections 30 6.2.4 Operational considerations for recovery effort 36 6.3 System overview .39 6.3.1 Operational environment 39 6.3.2 Support environment42 6.4 Operational impacts 44 Annex A (informative) Authorities and policies 46 Annex B
13、 (informative) Primary c ommand-le v el public tr ansport r ole pr ofiles.48 Bibliography .54 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iii Contents Page PD ISO/TR 19083-1:2016 ISO/TR 19083-1:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
14、 bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organiza
15、tions, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its fur
16、ther maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/direct
17、ives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the
18、Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions relate
19、d to conformit y assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport sy
20、stems. A list of all parts in the ISO series can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2016 All rights reserved PD ISO/TR 19083-1:2016 ISO/TR 19083-1:2016(E) Introduction This document defines the framework and concept of operation for developing a public transport decision support system for evacuatio
21、ns and disaster response and recovery. This includes establishing the criteria under which public transport prepares for, responds to, and recovers from a disaster. The criteria, as established by national, regional and local governance based on the type and severity of the emergency, are used to id
22、entify the roles and responsibilities of public transport within the boundaries of the Intelligent Transport System architecture. For example, the criteria for a localized disaster such as a chemical plant fire will be governed by local or regional response plans and requires fast response times. Wh
23、ereas, a hurricane having a wider impact may be governed by national response plans, as well as local and regional, and allow pre-planning to take place because they are typically slower moving. It is important to emphasize that this document focuses only on those activities related to ground transp
24、ortation and does not address societal issues (i.e. sheltering, aid, security, etc.) nor does it address air or rail transportation associated with disaster management. The reader is directed to ISO/TC 292 for societal issues and to ISO/TC 20 SC 17 and ISO/TC 269 for air and rail transportation issu
25、es associated with disasters. This document adheres to ISO 22300, which contains terms and definitions applicable to societal security to establish a common understanding so that consistent terms are used. It is also important to note that this document relies on national, regional, and local polici
26、es and authorities to create a concept of operation. The concept of operations defines the set of requirements needed for designing, developing, and deploying a Decision Support System for evacuation and disaster response and recovery. The Decision Support System is an interactive software-based sys
27、tem intended to help public transport emergency services personnel compile useful information from a combination of raw data, documents, and personal knowledge, or traffic models. This knowledge is then used to identify and solve evacuation and disaster response and recovery problems and disseminate
28、 those decisions to emergency managers, traffic managers, public transport, and the public itself. The Decision Support System is a natural progression from Computer Aided Dispatch and Automatic Vehicle Location systems which has been the core Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) used by public
29、transport. The Decision Support System combines the use of traffic models and analytic techniques with traditional ITS data access and retrieval functions to solve less well structured, underspecified evacuation and disaster response and recovery problems that upper level managers may face in a disa
30、ster. The goal of this document is to save lives and aid recovery by using ITS technologies to coordinate a comprehensive transportation response to disaster. This includes using the Decision Support System to identify routes and manage equipment and personnel to ensure public transport is used to e
31、vacuate people out of harms way and provide transportation support for all response and recovery efforts from major disasters such as hurricanes, tsunamis, or catastrophic accidents. This document recommends public transport to serve as the primary mobility agent for all transportation-related actio
32、ns before, during and after a disaster. This represents a paradigm shift from past response and recovery efforts such as the Great Japan Earthquake 2011 or Hurricane Katrina in the US, which typically see transportation-related activities coordinated by emergency managers who rely on traffic manager
33、s and public transport service operators to provide the services. While the emergency manager is the responsible individual for any disaster and will continue to do so, the role of coordinating transportation between traffic management, emergency services and public transport should be assigned to a
34、 public transport professional. The reasoning for this shift of responsibility is that public transport has the most experience and the resources to move large numbers of people efficiently and in a timely manner, which is paramount before, during and after a disaster. This may present problems in r
35、ural areas as ITS technologies, equipment and personnel may not be available to carry out these assignments. Additionally, problems may exist due to differences in country-based operational methodology between Asia, North America, and Europe. In Asia, public transport is predominantly run by private
36、ly owned and publicly traded mass transit and real estate conglomerates. In North America, public transport is predominantly run by municipal transit authorities. In Europe, public transport is predominantly run by both public-owned and private companies. The ideal solution is to ensure that a publi
37、c entity is responsible for the public transport emergency management and that personnel operating the Decision Support System are professionals from the public transport sector. ISO 2016 All rights reserved v PD ISO/TR 19083-1:2016 ISO/TR 19083-1:2016(E) The ISO/TR 19803- series recommends the crea
38、tion of a cloud-based Emergency Evacuation and Disaster Response and Recovery (EEDRR) Decision Support System to assist, coordinate, and direct all transportation services, including those used by emergency management, traffic management and public transport. The cloud-based solution allows differen
39、t services (i.e. servers, storage and applications) to be delivered to emergency management/public transport computers and devices through the Internet; thus, providing access to the EEDRR even when access to the physical area is not possible because of the disaster. The major actors involved in coo
40、rdinating transportation services related to a disaster and the systems required for communicating the associated information are shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 Coordinated transportation services for disasters As shown, there are eight major actors associated with transportation service during a disas
41、ter. Details of the roles and responsibilities are included in 5.4. The actors are at a group level and may vary from country to country. For instance, first responders include various people such as firefighter, emergency medical personnel, and police. In addition to these, those people who are man
42、aging infrastructures like electricity, water, sewage and gas play may also be part of the first responders. Moreover, individuals such as teachers may also act as first responders and be responsible for taking care of their students. The primary role and responsibility addressed by this family of s
43、tandards is the coordination of emergency transportation services through existing communication channels by professional transportation planners and operators in public transport. The existing communication channels include emergency communications systems (ECS) used by first responders, advanced t
44、raveller information systems (ATIS) used by traffic managers, and passenger information systems (PIS) used by public transport. The cornerstone of this document is the EEDRR Decision Support System which will maintain the data and information sets used by public transport to make knowledgeable trans
45、portation-related decisions during the chaotic times leading up to, during and after a disaster. Figure 1 depicts the EEDRR Decision Support System being operated by public transport as part of emergency management. Transportation-vi ISO 2016 All rights reserved PD ISO/TR 19083-1:2016 ISO/TR 19083-1
46、:2016(E) related information and data are collected from and transportation-related decisions and actions are communicated to the other entities involved in the disaster. The EEDRR Decision Support System is a computer-based transportation information system that supports critical transportation-rel
47、ated decision making activities during a disaster. The EEDRR Decision Support System is part of the Emergency Operations Centre and serves the emergency management, operations, and planning levels of the emergency management organization where planning levels mean those individuals who are responsib
48、le for planning the response as opposed to those individuals that are performing the actions required in a response. This system is operated by public transport emergency services personnel and helps to make transportation routing and equipment and personnel resource decisions, which may be rapidly
49、changing and not easily specified in advance. It is an interactive software-based system that aids decision makers by compiling useful information from a combination of raw traffic and public transport data, policy documents, personal knowledge, and traffic models to identify and solve problems and assist transportation professionals in decision making. To ensure the information is useful and the sources are reliable, requires that data suppliers be vetted, data distribution networks are resilient, data management is expandable and modular, a
