1、Public Awareness Programsfor Pipeline OperatorsAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 1162SECOND EDITION, DECEMBER 2010Public Awareness Programsfor Pipeline OperatorsPipeline SegmentAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 1162SECOND EDITION, DECEMBER 2010Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general na
2、ture. With respect to particular circumstances, local,state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make anywarranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accur
3、acy, completeness, or usefulness of theinformation contained herein, or assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of anyinformation or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors,consultants, or other assignees re
4、present that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure theaccuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representatio
5、n, warranty, orguarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss ordamage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication mayconflict.API publications are published to f
6、acilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operatingpractices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgmentregarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API publicationsis n
7、ot intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standardis solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent,war
8、rant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.Classified areas may vary depending on the location, conditions, equipment, and substances involved in any givensituation. Users of this Recommended Practice should consult with the appropriate authorities having
9、 jurisdiction.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing
10、Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2010 American Petroleum InstituteForewordThis is the second edition of API Recommended Practice (RP) 1162. Through clarifications, enhancements, andstreamlining, it attempts to make the original guidance more useful to operators in developi
11、ng, managing, andimproving public awareness programs. Representatives from natural and other gas and hazardous liquids transmission companies1, local distributioncompanies, gathering systems, trade associations, and federal and state pipeline regulators have contributed to thenew edition. Additional
12、ly, other stakeholders, such as emergency responders, have provided input. This secondedition of API 1162 reinforces the goals and objectives of the original document and is largely similar in organizationand principal components. However, some changes have been made based on the experiences and ins
13、ights ofstakeholders, including operators from all pipeline segments, who for several years have been implementing publicawareness programs under federal regulations incorporating API 1162. The changes aim to make API 1162 easier tounderstand and use and to increase the effectiveness of operator pub
14、lic awareness programs. A key alteration to thedocument was aligning baseline messages (those operators must communicate) with core safety messages. Thedecision to focus on safety messages was based on the recognition, well supported by research and experience, thatreducing the number of messages wi
15、ll improve overall message retention. The RP continues to provide operatorswith other messages for use as circumstances and practicality dictate. To enhance program efficiency and facilitatecollaborative efforts, the RP also increases alignment among the pipeline sectors except in cases where variat
16、ionwas felt to be necessary to achieve program effectiveness.Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for themanufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anythingcontain
17、ed in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification.Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is ad
18、vised but not required in orderto conform to the specification. This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification andparticipation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning theinterpretation of the conte
19、nt of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under whichthis publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American PetroleumInstitute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all
20、 or any partof the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-timeextension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be asce
21、rtained from theAPI Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is publishedannually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW,Washington,
22、 DC 20005, standardsapi.org.1As used in this RP, gas means natural and other gas and liquid means hazardous liquids.iiiContents Page 1 Introduction and Scope 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Scope 1 2 Regulatory Compliance 1 2.1 Public Education . 2 2.2 Emergency Responder Liaison Activities . 2 2.3 Damage
23、Prevention . 2 2.4 Other Regulations . 2 3 Terms, Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations 2 3.1 Terms and Definitions . 2 3.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations . 4 4 Overview . 5 5 Program Establishment 5 5.1 Define Objectives 5 5.2 Obtain Management Commitment . 7 5.3 Establish Program Administration 7 5
24、.4 Identify Pipeline Assets 7 5.5 Identify Stakeholder Audiences . 7 6 Messages 10 6.1 Damage Prevention . 11 6.2 Emergency Preparedness 12 6.3 Integrity Management Programs (IMPs) 12 6.4 How to Get Additional Information 12 6.5 Leak/Damage Recognition and Response 13 6.6 National Pipeline Mapping S
25、ystem . 13 6.7 One Call Requirements . 13 6.8 Pipeline Location Information 14 6.9 Pipeline Purpose and Reliability 14 6.10 Potential Hazards 15 6.11 Prevention Measures 15 6.12 ROW Encroachment 15 6.13 Special Emergency Procedures . 15 6.14 Special Incident Response Notification and Evacuation Meas
26、ures . 16 7 Delivery Frequencies and Methods . 16 7.1 Delivery Frequencies 16 7.2 Delivery Methods . 16 8 Program Implementation and Enhancements 21 8.1 Program Implementation 21 8.2 Program Enhancements . 21 9 Evaluation . 22 9.1 Pre-test Effectiveness of Materials . 22 9.2 Assess Program Implement
27、ation . 23 9.3 Measure Program Effectiveness . 24 10 Documentation 25 10.1 Written Program Documentation 25 10.2 Other Documentation Records 26 10.3 Record Retention 26 Annex A (informative) Baseline and Enhanced Program Summary Tables 27 Annex B (informative) Resources 34 Annex C (informative) Samp
28、le Annual Internal Self-assessment 37 Annex D (informative) Additional Information on Surveying 42 Annex E (informative) Public Awareness Program Checklist . 54 Bibliography . 59 Tables 1 Stakeholder AudiencesAffected Public 8 2 Stakeholder AudiencesEmergency Officials 9 3 Stakeholder AudiencesPubli
29、c Officials 9 4 Stakeholder AudiencesExcavators . 10 5 Baseline Messages . 11 6 Program Evaluation Methods 23 A.1 Hazardous Liquids and Natural Gas Transmission Pipeline Operators . 28 A.2 Local Distribution System Operators . 30 A.3 Gathering Pipeline Operators 32 Figure 1 Public Awareness Program
30、Process 6 1 Public Awareness Programs for Pipeline Operators 1 Introduction and Scope 1.1 Introduction Pipeline operators public awareness programs provide safety information to stakeholders to help keep communities near pipelines safe. This recommended practice (RP) provides guidance for pipeline o
31、perators to develop and manage public awareness programs tailored to meet the needs of the community. It is meant to raise the quality of public awareness programs and align baseline core safety messages across the industry. Two important objectives of this RP are to provide the following: a framewo
32、rk to help each pipeline operator create and manage a public awareness program; a process for periodic program evaluation to encourage each operator to enhance the program, at the operators discretion, as circumstances warrant. 1.2 Scope The scope of this RP covers the development, implementation, e
33、valuation, and documentation of public awareness programs associated with the normal operation of existing pipeline systems and facilities, including the following: transmission pipelines, local distribution systems, gathering lines. Communications related to new pipeline construction, offshore oper
34、ations, and during emergencies are not covered by this RP, nor is it intended to provide guidance to operators for communications about operator-specific performance measures that are addressed through other means of communication or regulatory reporting. Furthermore, this RP recognizes that there a
35、re differences in pipeline conditions, release consequences, populations, increased development and excavation activities, and other factors associated with individual pipeline systems. Some areas with pipelines have a low population, low turnover in residents, and little development or excavation a
36、ctivity; whereas other areas have very high population, high turnover, and extensive development and excavation activity. Finally, this RP provides the operator with the elements of a recommended baseline public awareness program and considerations to determine when and how to enhance the program to
37、 provide the appropriate level of public awareness outreach. Enhancements may affect messages, delivery frequency and methods, geographic coverage areas, program evaluation, and other elements. 2 Regulatory Compliance This RP is intended to provide a framework for public awareness programs designed
38、to help pipeline operators comply with federal regulatory requirements found in 49 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Parts 192 and 195. Should this RP be incorporated into regulation, operators must follow its general provisions unless justification is provided in their programs or procedural manual
39、s as to why compliance with all or certain provisions is not practicable and/or not necessary for safety. The principal compliance elements include the following. 2 PUBLIC AWARENESS PROGRAMS FOR PIPELINE OPERATORS 2.1 Public Education (49 CFR Parts 192.616 and 195.440) These regulations require pipe
40、line operators to establish continuing education programs to enable the public, appropriate government organizations, and persons engaged in excavation-related activities to recognize a pipeline emergency and to report it to the operator and/or the fire, police, or other appropriate public officials
41、. The program must be conducted in both English and in other languages commonly understood by a significant number and concentration of the non-English speaking population in the operators area. 2.2 Emergency Responder Liaison Activities (49 CFR Parts 192.615 and 195.402) These regulations require t
42、hat operators establish and maintain liaison with fire, police, and other appropriate public officials and coordinate with them on emergency exercises or drills and actual responses during an emergency. 2.3 Damage Prevention (49 CFR Parts 192.614 and 195.442) These regulations require pipeline opera
43、tors to carry out written programs to prevent damage to pipelines by excavation activities. 2.4 Other Regulations Operators should determine if state, local, or other regulations exist with which they must comply. 3 Terms, Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations 3.1 Terms and Definitions For the pu
44、rposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1.1 8-1-1 (call 811 or 811) National Call Before You Dig telephone number federally mandated to eliminate the need of having to remember a state “One Call Center” toll-free telephone number. 3.1.2 baseline public awareness program
45、 Relevant components of an operators public awareness program for delivery frequency, message content, and delivery methods as summarized in Annex A of this document. 3.1.3 Dig Safely Nationally recognized damage prevention education and public awareness program to enhance safety, environmental prot
46、ection, and service reliability by reducing underground facility damage. 3.1.4 encroachment Unauthorized advancement onto or within the operators ROW. 3.1.5 enhanced public awareness program Components of a public awareness program that exceed baseline program provisions. NOTE Enhancements are also
47、known as supplemental requirements under Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) regulations (49 CFR Part 192.616 and 49 CFR Part 195.440). 3.1.6 focus group Participants representing one or more target audiences who are gathered to provide feedback on a topic. API RECOMMENDED
48、 PRACTICE 1162 3 3.1.7 gathering line Pipelines that transport liquid petroleum and gas products from production areas to central collection points. NOTE Depending on jurisdiction, this may include processing facilities. 3.1.8 high consequence area HCA Location defined in pipeline safety regulations
49、 as an area where pipeline releases could have greater consequences to health and safety or the environment. 3.1.9 highly volatile liquid HVL Hazardous liquid that will form a vapor cloud when released to the atmosphere and has a vapor pressure exceeding 40 psia (276 kPa) at 100 F (37.8 C). 3.1.10 integrity management program IMP A systematic and comprehensive process designed to provide information to effectively allocate resources for the appropriate prevention, detection, and mitigation activities as referenced in the rules under 49 CFR Part 192 or 49 CFR Part 195.
