1、Welding Connections to PipeAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5C6SECOND EDITION, MARCH 2006REAFFIRMED, SEPTEMBER 2012Welding Connections to PipeUpstream SegmentAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5C6SECOND EDITION, MARCH 2006REAFFIRMED, SEPTEMBER 2012SPECIAL NOTESAPI publications necessarily address problems of a genera
2、l nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the
3、 accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein, or assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, con-sultants, or other as
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5、epresentation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publi-cation may conflict.API publications ar
6、e published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineer-ing and operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of A
7、PI publications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API d
8、oes not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such prod-ucts do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, withou
9、t prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.Copyright 2006 American Petroleum InstituteFOREWORDNothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by impli-cation or otherwis
10、e, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.This document was produced under API standardization procedur
11、es that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API stan-dard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under which this publication was developed shou
12、ld be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.Generally, API standards are
13、reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials i
14、s published annually and updated quarterly by API, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards and Publications Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.This 2nd edition of RP 5C6 contains only
15、 editorial changes from the previous edition. SR 21 through 25 were already in use in other standards. The following is a list of changes included in this edtion. Page vi: change SR 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 toSR 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 respectively5.5; change SR
16、23 and 24 to SR 27 and 28 respectively5.6.3; change SR 30 to SR 357.4; change SR 29 to SR 348.2.2; change SR 29 to SR 348.2.4; change SR 29 to SR 34A.1; change SR 21 to SR 26A.2; change SR 22 to SR 27A.2 change Section 4.5 to Section 5.5 A.3; change SR 23 to SR 28A.3; change Section 4.5 to Section 5
17、.5A.4; change SR 24 to SR 29A.5; change SR 25 to SR 30A.6; change SR 26 to SR 31A.7; change SR 27 to SR 32A.8; change SR 28 to SR 33A.9; change SR 29 to SR 34A.9; change Section 7.2.2 to section 8.2A.10; change SR 30 to SR 35A.11; change SR 31 to SR 36iiiCONTENTSPage1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.1 Purpose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.2 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.3 Supplemental Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 REFERENCED STANDARDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 DEFINITIONS AND
20、 ABBREVIATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 MATERIALS INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34.1 Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
21、4.2 Pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34.3 Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 WELDING PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION. . . .
22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45.1 Written Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45.2 Base Metal Groupings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45.3
23、 Welding Consumables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45.4 Hardness Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45.5 Charpy Impact Testing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55.6 Postweld Heat Treatment (PWHT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 WELDER AND WELDING OPERATOR QUALIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56.1 Testing Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56.2 Records. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 PRODUCTION WELDING CONTROLS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57.1
26、 Qualifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57.2 Use of WPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57.3 Preheating. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57.4 Fit-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57.5 Postweld Heat Treatment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . . .67.6 Welding Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68 INSPECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68.1 Calibration of Measu
29、ring and Test Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68.2 Connector Squareness and Alignment Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68.3 Nondestructive Examination of Weldments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6APPENDIX A SUPPL
30、EMENTARY REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Figures1 Connector Dimensional Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiA-1 Rockwell Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、. . . . . . .9A-2 Vickers Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9vSUGGESTIONS FOR ORDERING EQUIPMENTIn placing orders for connectors to be welded to pipe in accordance with this recommended practice, the purchaser should spec
32、ify the following in the purchase order:Checklist Requirement Specification Quantity Delivery date Shipping instructionsType of Pipe Specification (include edition & grade) Diameter Weight per foot or wall thickness RangeType of Connector Manufacturers designation Connector dimensional consideration
33、s (see Figure 1) Description of welded attachments (pad eyes, lift eyes, etc.) Radiographic examination per API Spec 1104 is standardSupplemental requirements are listed below. As supplements, these are nonstandard but occasionally imposed and identified on the purchase order prior to production wor
34、k.SR 26 Hardness testing for the welding procedure qualification record (PQR)SR 27 or SR 28 Impact testing for the PQRSR 29 Radiographic examination per ASME Code, Section VIIISR 30 Magnetic particle examination per ASME Code, Section V and VIIISR 31 Production hardness testingSR 32 Full length drif
35、t testingSR 33 End drift testingSR 34 Connector to connector alignmentSR 35 Compliance to NACE MR0175SR 36 Ultrasonic examinationviSuggestions for Ordering Equipment (Continued)Figure 1Connector Dimensional ConsiderationsWhen selecting connectors for an application, care should be taken to assess th
36、e geometry of the connector. The connector I.D. shall be large enough to allow passage of any hardware that will subsequently run through the connector. The connector O.D. shall be smaller than the openings through which it will be run.Connector type shown is threaded. The same consideration shall b
37、e given to mechanical connectors as well.vii1Welding Connections to Pipe1 Scope1.1 PURPOSEThis recommended practice was created to provide a standard industry practice for the shop or field welding of connectors to pipe.The technical content provides requirements for welding procedure qualification,
38、 welder performance qualification, materials, testing, production welding and inspection. Additionally, suggestions for ordering are included.1.2 EQUIPMENTThis recommended practice covers the weld fabrication of connectors and handling attachments such as lift eyes and landing pads to pipe.This docu
39、ment includes practices currently being implemented by a broad spectrum of the industry. This recommended practice is intended to be analogous to API 6A PSL 1 with additional requirements specific to the equipment fabrication.1.3 SUPPLEMENTAL REQUIREMENTSSupplements to this recommended practice shal
40、l not be considered as requirements except when specified on the purchase order.2 Referenced StandardsUnless otherwise specified, the most recent editions of revisions of the following standards, codes, and specifications shall, to the extent herein, form a part of this standard.APISpec 6A Specifica
41、tion for Wellhead and Christmas Tree EquipmentSpec 1104 Welding of Pipelines and Related FacilitiesSpec 5L Specification for Line PipeSpec 5CT Specification for Casing and TubingASME1Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, Section V, and Section VIII, Division IAWS2D1.1 Structural Welding Code
42、SteelASTM3A370-92 Standard Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products E10 Brinell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE18 Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic materialsE140 Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for MetalsNACE4MR0175
43、Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistant Metallic Materials for Oilfield Equipment1American Society for Mechanical Engineers, 345 East 47th Street, New York, New York 10017, www.asme.org.2American Welding Society, 550 N.W. Le Jeune Road, Miami, Florida, 33135, www.aws.org.3American Society for Testing and
44、Materials, 100 Bar Harbor Drive, West Conshocken, Pennsylvania 19428, www.astm.org.4NACE International (formerly the National Association of Corrosion Engineers), P.O. Box 218340, Houston, Texas 77218-8340, www.nace.org2 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 5C63 Definitions and Abbreviations3.1 alignment: Refer
45、 to Section 8 of this document.3.2 API: American Petroleum Institute.3.3 ASME: American Society for Mechanical Engineers.3.4 ASTM: American Society for Testing and Materials.3.5 AWS: American Welding Society.3.6 axial alignment: Alignment to within specified tolerances of the connector centerline, t
46、o the centerline of the connector at the opposite end of the pipe.3.7 base metal: Metal to be welded or cut3.8 base metal grouping: System used to describe comparable base metal characteristics such as chemical composition, weldability, thermal processing, and mechanical properties.3.9 calibration:
47、Comparison and adjustment of instruments to a standard of known accuracy.3.10 carbon equivalent: Equation where variables are defined by base metal composition. The result is used as information to help assess the base metal weldability.3.11 casing: Steel pipe used in oil wells to seal off fluids fr
48、om the bore and to prevent the walls of the hole from sloughing off or caving.3.12 connector: Forging, machined to a geometry to function as a mechanical connection welded to pipe or casing. Other materials may be used if approved by purchaser.3.13 connector parallelism: A measure of the connector f
49、ace or plane with respect to the connector face at the opposite end of the pipe.3.14 CVN impact test: Charpy V-notch impact testing in accordance with ASTM A370.3.15 discontinuity: An interruption of the typical structure of a weldment such as lack of homogeneity in the mechanical, metallurgical, or physical characteristics. A discontinuity is not necessarily a defect.3.16 drift mandrel: A precision dimensioned cylinder sized to pass through or be inserted into the ends of pipe. It is passed through or into the pipe end ID to locate obstructions or to assure co
