1、Specification for Fire Test for End ConnectionsAPI SPECIFICATION 6FBTHIRD EDITION, MAY 1998EFFECTIVE DATE: NOVEMBER 30, 1998ERRATA 1: AUGUST 2006SUPPLEMENT: DECEMBER 2006ERRATA 2: DECEMBER 2008REAFFIRMED, SEPTEMBER 2011Specification for Fire Test for End ConnectionsUpstream SegmentAPI SPECIFICATION
2、6FBTHIRD EDITION, MAY 1998EFFECTIVE DATE: NOVEMBER 30, 1998ERRATA 1: AUGUST 2006SUPPLEMENT: DECEMBER 2006ERRATA 2: DECEMBER 2008REAFFIRMED, SEPTEMBER 2011SPECIAL NOTESAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to partic-ular circumstances, local, state, and feder
3、al laws and regulations should be reviewed.API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations under local,
4、state, or fed-eral laws.Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to par-ticular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or supplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet.Nothing contained in any API publi
5、cation is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or prod-uct covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be con-strued as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of
6、 letters patent.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. Sometimes a one-time extension of up to two years will be added to this review cycle. This publication will no longer be in effect five years after its publication date as an operat
7、ive API standard or, where an extension has been granted, upon republication. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Exploration and Production Department telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is pub-lished annually and updated quarterly by API, 122
8、0 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropri-ate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this standard
9、or com-ments and questions concerning the procedures under which this standard was developed should be directed in writing to the director of the Exploration and Production Department (shown on the title page of this document), American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 2000
10、5. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.API standards are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineer-ing and operating practices. These standards are not intended to o
11、bviate the need for apply-ing sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these standards should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API standards is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in confor
12、mance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such prod-ucts do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.All rights reserved. No part of this w
13、ork may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.Copyright
14、1998, 2008 American Petroleum InstituteFOREWORDThis specification is under the jurisdiction of the API Subcommittee on Standardization of Valves and Wellhead Equipment. This Third Edition if a reformatted, reissue of the Second Edition of this specification, which was reaffirmed by letter ballot in
15、1997.This specification shall become effective on the date printed on the cover but may be used voluntarily from the date of distribution.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained
16、 in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which
17、 this publication may conflict.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the director of the Exploration and Production Department, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washing-ton, D.C. 20005.iiiIMPORTANT INFORMATION CONCERNING USE OF ASBESTOS OR ALTERNATIVE MATERIALS
18、Asbestos is specified or referenced for certain components of the equipment described in some API standards. It has been of extreme usefulness in minimizing fire hazards associated with petroleum processing. It has also been a universal sealing material, compatible with most refining fluid services.
19、Certain serious adverse health effects are associated with asbestos, among them the serious and often fatal diseases of lung cancer, asbestosis, and mesothelioma (a cancer of the chest and abdominal linings). The degree of exposure to asbestos varies with the prod-uct and the work practices involved
20、.Consult the most recent edition of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Standard for Asbestos, Tremolite, Anthophyllite, and Actinolite, 29 Code of Federal Regulations Section 1910.1001; the U.S. Environmental Protection
21、Agency, National Emission Standard for Asbestos, 40 Code of Federal Regulations Sections 61.140 through 61.156; and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rule on labeling requirements and phased banning of asbestos products (Sections 763.160-179).There are currently in use and under develop
22、ment a number of substitute materials to replace asbestos in certain applications. Manufacturers and users are encouraged to develop and use effective substitute materials that can meet the specifications for, and operating requirements of, the equipment to which they would apply.SAFETY AND HEALTH I
23、NFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO PARTICULAR PRODUCTS OR MATERIALS CAN BE OBTAINED FROM THE EMPLOYER, THE MANUFACTURER OR SUPPLIER OF THAT PRODUCT OR MATERIAL, OR THE MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET.ivCONTENTSPage1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.1 Purpose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.2 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 REFER
25、ENCED STANDARDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 PART IFIRE TEST FOR END CONNECTIONS FOR ONSHORE LOCATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13.2 Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23.3 Performance Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33.4 Safety Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 PART IIFIRE TEST FOR END CONNECTIONS FOR OFFSHORE WELL BAY CONDITIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34.1 Gen
28、eral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34.2 Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44.3 Performance Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44.4 Safety Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 EQUIPMENT MARKING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
30、.1 Marking Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56 QUALIFICATION BY SCALING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56.1 Scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56.2 Connection Family. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56.3 Limitations of Scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5AP
32、PENDIX AFIGURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7FiguresA-1 Schematic of Suggested Systems for Fire Testing of End Connections . . . . . . . . . .9A-2 Location of Thermocouples and CalorimetersOnshore Conditions . . . . . . . . . 1
33、0A-3 Location of Burner, Calorimeter, and ThermocoupleOffshore Well Bay Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10A-4 Calorimeter Cube Design Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11A-5
34、Typical Bend Test Arrangement With One Ram Cylinder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12A-6 Typical Bend Test Arrangement With Two Ram Cylinders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12A-7 Schematic of Suggested Leak Measurement System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13A-8 Location of T
35、hermocouples and Calorimeters for Bending TestsOnshore Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14A-9 Location of Burner, Calorimeter, and Thermocouples for Bending TestsOffshore Well Bay Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Tables
36、1 Test Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2v1API Specification for Fire Test for End Connections1 Scope1.1 PURPOSEThis specification was formulated to establish procedures for testing and evaluating the pressure-con
37、taining performance of API end connections when exposed to fire. Valves, wellhead seals, or other related equipment, are not included in the scope of this document. The procedures are presented in two parts.Part I represents conditions in an onshore or open offshore location.Part II represents condi
38、tions in an offshore platform well bay.Background information on fire-resistance of API end con-nections is contained in API Technical Report 6F1. Further background on fire-resistance improvements of API flanges is contained in API Technical Report 6F2.1.2 APPLICATIONSThis specification covers API
39、Spec 6A end connections, which include:a. API Flanged End and Outlet Connections (6B, 6BX, and Segmented).b. API Threaded End and Outlet Connections.c. Other End Connections (OECs).2 Referenced StandardsReferenced standards may be either the applicable edition shown herein or the latest revision, pr
40、ovided the manufac-turer can show that the latest edition meets or exceeds requirements of the specific edition listed. When the latest edition is specified, it may be used on issue, and shall become mandatory six months from the date of the revision. This specification includes by reference, either
41、 in whole or in part, other API standards, as listed below:APISpec 6A Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree EquipmentTR 6AF Technical Report on Capabilities of API Flanges Under Combinations of LoadTR 6F1 Technical Report on Performance of API and ANSI End Connections in a Fire Test Accordin
42、g to API Specification 6FATR 6F2 Technical Report on Fire Resistance Improvements for API Flanges3 Part IFire Test for End Connections for Onshore Locations3.1 GENERAL3.1.1 ScopeIt is the purpose of this part to establish a procedure for testing and evaluating the pressure-containing performance of
43、API 6A end connections when exposed to a fire represent-ing conditions in an onshore or open offshore location. The performance requirements of this part are intended to estab-lish standard limits of acceptability regardless of size or pres-sure rating. This part is not intended to represent conditi
44、ons which may be encountered in a fire in an offshore well bay.The burn period has been established on the basis that it represents the maximum time required to extinguish most fires. Fires of greater duration are considered to be of a major magnitude with consequences greater than those anticipated
45、 by this test.3.1.2 Description of Fire Test (See Figure A-1)3.1.2.1 The connection shall be tested with water. The total volume of water which is isolated in the test fixture shall not exceed the volume of a cylinder whose diameter is the nomi-nal test connection size and whose length is twice the
46、nominal test connection size. The orientation of the axis of the bore may be vertical or horizontal. To qualify a connection design for bending as well as pressure, a second test is required.3.1.2.2 Each connection shall be enveloped in flame and temperature measurements made by thermocouples and ca
47、lo-rimeters. The test setup shall include a minimum of three calo-rimeter blocks and thermocouples equally spaced around the circumference in the plane of the joint, as shown in Figure A-2. The maximum spacing between calorimeters shall be 12 inches (300 mm) on the circumference. An additional calor
48、im-eter block and thermocouple shall be placed on each side of the joint, at a distance of 3/2of the length of the flange or twice the bore diameter, whichever is greatest, at a circumferential loca-tion which is furthest from any burner.The calorimeter blocks shall be 11/2inch (38 mm) cubes made of
49、 carbon steel with a thermocouple located in the cen-ter of each cube, as shown in Figure A-4.3.1.2.3 The test pressure shall be 75% of the API rated working pressure.3.1.2.4 The burn period shall be at least 30 minutes from ignition. Detailed procedures are in Section 3.2.3.1.3 Description of the Bending TestAfter 25 minutes of the burn period, an external bending moment shall be applied to one test connection. The moment which is sustained without causing leakage greater than the acceptable level shall be noted and reported. This will termi-nate testing on this connection.Figures
