1、Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Arch Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe AASHTO Designation: M 206M/M 206-171Technical Section: 4a, Concrete Drainage Structures Release: Group 2 (June 2017) ASTM Designation: C506M-16b and C506-16b American Association of State Highway and Transportat
2、ion Officials 444 North Capitol Street N.W., Suite 249 Washington, D.C. 20001 TS-4a M 206M/M 206-1 AASHTO Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Arch Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe AASHTO Designation: M 206M/M 206-171Technical Section: 4a, Concrete Drainage Structures Release: Group 2
3、(June 2017) ASTM Designation C506M-16b and C506-16b 1. SCOPE 1.1. This specification covers reinforced arch-shaped concrete pipe to be used for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, storm water, and for the construction of culverts. 1.2. This specification is applicable for orders in either S
4、I units (M 206M) or in inch-pound units (M 206). SI units and inch-pound units are not necessarily equivalent. Inch-pound units are shown in brackets in the text for clarity, but they are the applicable values when the material is ordered to M 206. Note 1This specification is a manufacturing and pur
5、chase specification only, and does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, or the relationship between field load condition and the strength classification of pipe. However, experience has shown that the successful performance of this product depends on the proper selection of the class of p
6、ipe, type of bedding and backfill, and care that the installation conforms to the construction specifications. Owners of the reinforced concrete pipe specified herein are cautioned that they must correlate the field requirements with the class of pipe specified and provide inspection at the construc
7、tion site. 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1. AASHTO Standards: M 6, Fine Aggregate for Hydraulic Cement Concrete M 31M/M 31, Deformed and Plain Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement M 32M/M 32, Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete Reinforcement M 55M/M 55, Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement,
8、 Plain, for Concrete M 80, Coarse Aggregate for Hydraulic Cement Concrete M 85, Portland Cement M 154M/M 154, Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete M 157, Ready-Mixed Concrete M 194M/M 194, Chemical Admixtures for Concrete M 221M/M 221, Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Deformed, for Concrete M 225M
9、/M 225, Steel Wire, Deformed, for Concrete Reinforcement M 240M/M 240, Blended Hydraulic Cement 2017 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4a M 206M/M 206-2 AASHTO M 262, Concrete Pipe and Relate
10、d Products M 295, Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete M 302, Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars T 280, Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile 2.2. ASTM Standards: A36/A36M, Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel A706/A706M, Standard Specificat
11、ion for Deformed and Plain Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement C309-03, Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete C1017/C1017M, Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Use in Producing Flowing Concrete C1116/C1116M, Standard Specification
12、 for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete 3. TERMINOLOGY 3.1. DefinitionsFor definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see M 262. 4. CLASSIFICATION 4.1. Pipe manufactured according to this specification shall be of three classes identified as Class A-II, A-III, and A-IV. The strength requirements are pre
13、scribed in Table 1 for SI units or Table 2 for inch-pound units. 5. BASIS OF ACCEPTANCE 5.1. Unless otherwise designated by the owner at the time of or before placing an order, there are two separate and alternative bases of acceptance. Independent of the method of acceptance, the pipe shall be desi
14、gned to meet both the 0.3-mm 0.01-in. crack and ultimate strength requirements. 5.1.1. Acceptance on Basis of Plant Load Bearing Tests, Material Tests, and Inspection of Manufactured Pipe for Visual Defects and ImperfectionsAcceptability of the pipe in all diameters and classes produced in accordanc
15、e with Section 7.1 or Section 7.2 shall be determined by the results of the three-edge-bearing tests as defined in Section 11.3.1; by such material tests as are required in accordance with Sections 6.2, 6.3, 6.5, and 6.6; by an absorption test of the concrete from the wall of the pipe as required in
16、 11.9; and by visual inspection of the finished pipe to determine its conformance with the accepted design and its freedom from defects. 5.1.2. Acceptance on Basis of Material Tests and Inspection of the Complete ProductAcceptability of the pipe in all diameters and classes produced in accordance wi
17、th Section 7.1 or 7.2 shall be determined by the results of such material tests as are required in Sections 6.2, 6.3, 6.5, and 6.6; by crushing tests on concrete cores or cured concrete cylinders; by an absorption test of the concrete from the wall of the pipe for each mix design that is used on an
18、order; and by inspection of the finished pipe, including amount and placement of reinforcement, to determine its conformance with the accepted design and its freedom from defects. 5.1.3. When agreed upon by the owner and the manufacturer, any portion or any combination of tests itemized in Section 5
19、.1.1 or Section 5.1.2 may form the basis of acceptance. 2017 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4a M 206M/M 206-3 AASHTO 5.2. Age for AcceptancePipes shall be considered ready for acceptance w
20、hen they conform to the requirements as indicated by the specified tests. 2017 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4a M 206M/M 206-4 AASHTO Table 1Strength Requirements for Reinforced Concrete
21、Pipe (SI units)a Approx. Equiv. Round Size, mm T, mm Min. Rise, mm Min. Span, mm cf MPabDouble Line ReinforcementcSingle Line Reinforcement Continuous Basic Reinforcement = AsdAdditional Requirement = AsdClass Inner Cage Outer Cage “U” (Inner Cage) “V” (Outer Cage) A- II A- III A- IV A- II A- III A-
22、 IV A- II A-III A- IV Di- men- sion, mm A- II A- III A- IV Di- men- sion, mm A- II A-III A- IV A- II A-III A- IV 375 57 280 460 27.6 27.6 27.6 1.7 2.5 3.6 450 63 345 560 27.6 27.6 27.6 2.3 3.0 5.5 525 69 395 660 27.6 27.6 27.6 2.8 3.6 6.1 600 75 460 725 27.6 27.6 27.6 660 735 3.4 4.6 6.8 750 88 570
23、920 27.6 27.6 27.6 1.9 2.5 3.8 1.5 1.9 3.0 760 1.9 2.5 3.8 865 1.5 1.9 2.8 3.8 5.1 7.6 900 100 675 1110 27.6 27.6 27.6 2.3 3.2 4.6 1.9 2.5 3.6 865 2.3 3.2 4.6 990 1.9 2.5 3.4 4.6 6.3 9.3 1050 113 795 1300 27.6 27.6 27.6 2.8 3.8 5.7 2.1 3.0 4.4 1065 2.8 3.8 5.7 1090 2.1 3.0 4.6 5.5 7.6 11.4 1200 125
24、915 1485 27.6 27.6 3.2 4.6 2.5 3.6 1220 3.2 4.6 1245 2.5 3.6 6.3 9.3 1350 138 1015 1650 27.6 27.6 3.8 5.1 3.0 4.0 1320 3.8 5.1 1395 3.0 4.0 7.6 10.2 1500 150 1145 1855 27.6 27.6 4.4 5.9 3.6 4.6 1525 4.4 5.9 1700 3.6 4.6 8.9 11.8 1800 175 1370 2235 27.6 34.5 5.5 7.6 4.2 5.9 1725 5.5 7.6 1955 4.2 5.9
25、11.0 15.2 2100 200 1575 2590 27.6 34.5 6.8 9.3 5.1 7.2 6.8 9.3 5.1 7.2 13.5 18.6 2250 213 1830 2920 2400 225 1960 3100 2700 250 2215 3505 3000 275 2460 3910 3300 250 2705 4285 aFor modified or special designs, see Section 7.3. bcfMPa = minimum compressive strength of concrete in megapascals. cAs an
26、alternative to designs requiring double line reinforcement, the reinforcement may be positioned and proportional so that the total reinforcement of the inner cage plus the middle cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage continuous basic reinforcement, and the additional reinforc
27、ement “U” and the total reinforcement of the outer cage plus the middle cage shall not be less than that specified for the outer cage continuous basic reinforcement and the additional reinforcement “V.” dAs= circumferential steel area in square millimeters per longitudinal centimeter of pipe barrel
28、in each continuous basic cage and additional cages in area denoted “U” and “V.” Dimensions “U” and “V” are measured on the centerline of the culvert wall. D-Loads for Three-Edge-Bearing Method Class 0.3-mm Crack Ultimate A-II 50.0 75.0 A-III 65.0 100.0 A-IV 100.0 150.0 Note: Test load in newtons per
29、 linear meter equals D-load inside span in millimeters. 2017 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4a M 206M/M 206-5 AASHTO Table 2Strength Requirements for Reinforced Concrete Pipe (inch-pound u
30、nits)aApprox. Equiv. Round Size, in. Double Line Reinforcementccf ksibContinuous Basic Reinforcement = AsdAdditional Requirement = AsdClass Inner Cage Outer Cage “U” (Inner Cage) “V” (Outer Cage) Single Line Reinforcement T, in. Min. Rise, in. Min Span, in. A- II A- III A- IV A- II A- III A- IV A- I
31、I A- III A- IV Di- men- sion, in. A- II A- III A- IV Di- men- sion, in. A- II A- III A- IV A- II A- III A- IV 15 21/411 18 4 4 4 0.08 0.12 0.17 18 21/2131/222 4 4 4 0.11 0.14 0.26 21 23/8151/226 4 4 4 0.13 0.17 0.29 24 3 18 281/24 4 4 0.16 0.21 0.32 30 31/2221/2361/44 4 4 0.09 0.12 0.18 0.07 0.09 0.
32、14 26 0.09 0.12 0.18 29 0.07 0.09 0.13 0.18 0.24 0.36 36 4 265/8433/84 4 4 0.11 0.15 0.22 0.09 0.12 0.17 30 0.11 0.15 0.22 34 0.09 0.12 0.16 0.21 0.30 0.44 42 41/2315/16511/84 4 4 0.13 0.18 0.27 0.10 0.14 0.21 34 0.13 0.18 0.27 39 0.10 0.14 0.22 0.26 0.36 0.54 48 5 36 581/24 4 0.15 0.22 0.12 0.17 42
33、 0.15 0.21 43 0.12 0.17 0.30 0.44 54 51/240 65 4 4 0.18 0.24 0.14 0.19 48 0.18 0.24 49 0.14 0.19 0.36 0.48 60 6 45 73 4 4 0.21 0.28 0.17 0.21 52 0.21 0.27 55 0.17 0.21 0.42 0.56 72 7 54 88 4 5 0.26 0.36 0.20 0.27 60 0.26 0.36 67 0.20 0.27 0.52 0.72 84 8 62 102 4 5 0.32 0.44 0.24 0.34 68 0.32 0.44 77
34、 0.24 0.34 0.64 0.88 90 81/272 115 96 9 771/2122 108 10 871/8138 120 11 967/8154 132 10 1061/21683/4 aFor modified or special designs, see Section 7.3. b cfksi = minimum compressive strength of concrete in thousands of pounds-force per square inch. cAs an alternative to designs requiring double line
35、 reinforcement, the reinforcement may be positioned and proportional so that the total reinforcement of the inner cage plus the middle cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage continuous basic reinforcement, and the additional reinforcement “U” and the total reinforcement of the
36、 outer cage plus the middle cage shall not be less than that specified for the outer cage continuous basic reinforcement and the additional reinforcement “V.” dAs= circumferential steel area in square inches per longitudinal foot of pipe barrel in each continuous basic cage and additional cages in a
37、rea denoted “U” and “V.” Dimensions “U” and “V” are measured on the centerline of the culvert wall. D-Loads for Three-Edge-Bearing Method Class 0.01-in. Crack Ultimate II 1000 1500 III 1350 2000 IV 2000 3000 Note: Test load in pounds per linear foot equals D-load inside span in feet. 2017 by the Ame
38、rican Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4a M 206M/M 206-6 AASHTO 6. MATERIALS 6.1. Reinforced ConcreteThe reinforced concrete shall consist of cementitious materials, mineral aggregates, and water, in which
39、steel has been embedded in such a manner that the steel and concrete act together. The aggregate shall be so sized, graded, proportioned, and mixed with such proportions of portland cement, blended hydraulic cement, or portland cement and supplementary cementitious materials, or admixtures, or a com
40、bination thereof, if used, and water to produce a homogeneous concrete mixture of such quality that the pipe will conform to the test and design requirements of this specification. In no case, however, shall the proportion of portland cement, blended hydraulic cement, or a combination of portland ce
41、ment and supplementary cementitious materials, be less than 280 kg/m3470 lb/yd3. 6.2. Cementitious Materials: 6.2.1. CementCement shall conform to the requirements of M 85 or shall be portland blast-furnace slag cement, or slag modified portland cement, or portland-pozzolan cement conforming to the
42、requirements of M 240M/M 240, except that the pozzolan constituent in the Type IP portland-pozzolan cement shall be fly ash. 6.2.2. Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag (GGBFS)GGBFS shall conform to the requirements of Grade 100 or 120 of M 302. 6.2.3. Fly AshFly ash shall conform to the requirement
43、s of M 295, Class F or Class C. 6.2.4. Allowable Combinations of Cementitious MaterialsThe combination of cementitious materials used in the concrete shall be one of the following: 6.2.4.1. Portland cement only, 6.2.4.2. Portland blast-furnace slag cement only, 6.2.4.3. Portland-pozzolan cement only
44、, 6.2.4.4. A combination of portland cement and ground granulated blast-furnace slag, 6.2.4.5. A combination of portland cement and fly ash, 6.2.4.6. A combination of portland cement, ground granulated blast-furnace slag, and fly ash, or 6.2.4.7. A combination of portland-pozzolan cement and fly ash
45、. 6.3. AggregatesAggregates shall conform to M 6 and M 80, except that the requirement for gradation shall not apply. 6.4. Admixtures and BlendsThe following admixtures and blends are allowable: 6.4.1. Air-entraining admixture conforming to M 154M/M 154; 6.4.2. Chemical admixture conforming to M 194
46、M/M 194; 6.4.3. Chemical admixture for use in producing flowing concrete conforming to ASTM C1017/C1017M; and 2017 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4a M 206M/M 206-7 AASHTO 6.4.4. Chemical a
47、dmixture or blend approved by the owner. 6.5. Steel ReinforcementReinforcement shall consist of wire conforming to M 32M/M 32 or M 225M/M 225; or of wire reinforcement conforming to M 55M/M 55 or M 221M/M 221; or of bars conforming to M 31M/M 31 Grade 280 40 or 420 60, ASTM A36/A36M, or ASTM A706/A706M Grade 420 60. 6.6. Synthetic FibersCollated fibril
