1、 Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Liner Pipe, 300- to 1600-mm Diameter, Based on Controlled Outside Diameter AASHTO Designation: M 326-08 (2012) 1. SCOPE 1.1. This specification covers the requirements and methods of tests for outside diameter dimension controlled polyethylene liner pipe
2、 (PE liner pipe), jointing, and fittings for use in pipe relining and culvert rehabilitation for industrial wastes, sanitary sewer, and surface and subsurface drainage applications. 1.1.1. Nominal sizes of 300 to 1600 mm are included. 1.1.2. Materials, workmanship, dimensions, pipe stiffness, joinin
3、g systems, and form of markings are specified. 1.2. This specification is intended for rehabilitation of industrial waste, sanitary sewer, and surface and subsurface drainage applications by the insertion of PE liner pipe through existing pipe. PE liner pipe is designed to minimize traffic disruptio
4、n and subsurface damage, and rehabilitate existing sewers and culverts with little or no interruption in service or traffic. Note 1When polyethylene pipe is to be used in locations where the ends may be exposed, consideration should be given to protection of the exposed portions due to combustibilit
5、y of the polyethylene and the effects of prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation. 1.3. For the PE liner pipe to perform properly, the annular space between existing and PE liner pipe must be filled. This specification does not include methods to fill the annular space between the existing pipe a
6、nd the PE liner pipe, insertion techniques, and termination techniques. Construction and installation procedures are described in ASTM F 585, Standard Practice for Insertion of Flexible Polyethylene Pipe into Existing Sewers. 1.4. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
7、 if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1. ASTM Standards: D 618, Standard Practice for Conditioning
8、Plastics for Testing D 883, Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics D 2122, Standard Test Methods for Determining Dimensions of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings TS-4b M 326-1 AASHTO 2012 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a
9、violation of applicable law. D 2412, Standard Test Method for Determination of External Loading Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading D 3212, Standard Specification for Joints for Drains and Sewer Plastic Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals D 3350, Standard Specification for P
10、olyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fittings Materials F 412, Standard Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems F 477, Standard Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe F 585, Standard Practice for Insertion of Flexible Polyethylene Pipe into Existing Sewers F 714, Stan
11、dard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR) Based on Outside Diameter F 1473, Standard Test Method for Notch Tensile Test to Measure the Resistance to Slow Crack Growth of Polyethylene Pipes and Resins F 2620, Standard Practice for Heat Fusion Joining of Polyethylene Pipe and Fitt
12、ings 3. TERMINOLOGY 3.1. The terminology used in this standard is in accordance with the definitions given in ASTM D 883 and ASTM F 412 unless otherwise specified. 3.2. crackAny break or split that extends through the wall. 3.3. creaseAn irrecoverable indentation, generally associated with wall buck
13、ling. 3.4. bucklingAny reverse curvature or deformation in the pipe wall that reduces the load-carrying capability of the pipe. Any decrease or downward deviation in the pipe stiffness test curve shall be considered a wall buckling point. 3.5. polyethylene (PE) plasticsPlastics based on polymers mad
14、e with ethylene as essentially the sole monomer (ASTM D 883). 3.6. reworked plasticA plastic from a processors own production that has been reground, pelletized, or solvated after having been previously processed by molding, extrusion, etc. (ASTM D 883). 3.7. virgin polyethylene materialPE plastic m
15、aterial in the form of pellets, granules, powder, floc, or liquid that has not been subject to use or processing other than required for initial manufacture. 4. CLASSIFICATION 4.1. The PE liner pipe covered by this specification is classified by the Standard Dimension Ratio (SDR) system. The relatio
16、nship between SDR, outside diameter and minimum wall thickness is as follows: oDSDRt= (1)where: SDR = Standard Dimension Ratio; Do= Average Outside Diameter, mm; and t = minimum wall thickness, mm. TS-4b M 326-2 AASHTO 2012 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.Al
17、l rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.4.2. Standard Dimension Ratios covered by this specification are SDR 41, SDR 32.5, and SDR 26. 4.3. Where existing conditions or special requirements make other SDR classifications necessary, other sizes or dimension ratios or both shal
18、l be acceptable for engineering applications when mutually agreed upon by the customer and the manufacturer. This is provided that the pipe is manufactured from plastic compounds meeting the material requirement of this specification. 5. ORDERING INFORMATION 5.1. Orders using this specification shal
19、l include the following information as necessary to adequately describe the desired product: 5.2. AASHTO designation and year of issue; 5.2.1. Type of pipe (Section 4.2); 5.2.2. Diameter and length required, either total length or length of each piece and number of pieces; 5.2.3. Certification, if d
20、esired (Section 12.1). 6. MATERIALS 6.1. Basic Materials: 6.1.1. Extruded Pipe and FittingsPipe and fittings shall be made of virgin PE conforming with the requirements of cell class 345464C as defined and described in ASTM D 3350. Resins that have higher cell classifications in one or more properti
21、es are acceptable provided that product requirements are met. 6.1.2. Rotational Molded Fittings and CouplingsFittings and couplings shall be made of virgin PE resins that conform with the requirements of cell class 213320C as defined and described in ASTM D 3350, except that the carbon black content
22、 shall not exceed 3 percent. Resins that have higher cell classifications in one or more properties are acceptable provided that product requirements are met. 6.2. Reworked PlasticIn lieu of virgin PE, clean reworked plastic may be used by the manufacturer, provided that it meets the cell class requ
23、irements as described in Section 6.1. 6.3. The manufacturer shall not blend resins to meet the cell classification specified in Section 6.1.1 or 6.1.2. Blending of reworked plastic and virgin plastic is allowed provided that both the reworked resin and the virgin resin meet the requirements of Secti
24、on 6.1. 7. REQUIREMENTS 7.1. WorkmanshipThe pipe and fittings shall be free of foreign inclusions and visible defects as defined herein. The ends of the pipe shall be cut squarely and cleanly so as not to adversely affect joining or connecting. Field cuts shall be de-burred and free of defects. 7.2.
25、 Visible DefectsCracks, creases, delaminations, and unpigmented or nonuniformly pigmented pipe are not permissible in the pipe or fittings as furnished. TS-4b M 326-3 AASHTO 2012 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation
26、 of applicable law.7.3. Pipe Dimensions: 7.3.1. Nominal SizeThe nominal size for the pipe and fittings is based on the nominal outside diameter of the pipe. Nominal diameters, outside diameters, and tolerance shall be in accordance with Table 1, when measured in accordance with Section 9.5.1. Table
27、1Outside Diameter and Tolerance Nominal Pipe Size, mm (in.) Outside Diameter, mm (in.) Tolerance, mm ( in.) 300 (12) 323.8 (12.750) 1.5 (0.057) 325 (13) 339.7 (13.375) 1.5 (0.060) 350 (14) 355.6 (14.000) 1.6 (0.063) 400 (16) 406.4 (16.000) 1.8 (0.072) 450 (18) 457.2 (18.000) 2.1 (0.081) 500 (20) 508
28、.0 (20.000) 2.3 (0.090) 538 (21.5) 546.1 (21.500) 2.5 (0.097) 550 (22) 558.8 (22.000) 2.5 (0.099) 600 (24) 609.6 (24.000) 2.7 (0.108) 650 (26) 660.4 (26.000) 3.0 (0.117) 700 (28) 711.2 (28.000) 3.2 (0.126) 750 (30) 762.0 (30.000) 3.4 (0.135) 800 (32) 812.5 (32.000) 3.7 (0.144) 850 (34) 863.6 (34.000
29、) 3.9 (0.153) 900 (36) 914.4 (36.000) 4.1 (0.162) 1050 (42) 1066.8 (42.000) 4.8 (0.189) 1200 (48) 1219.2 (48.000) 5.5 (0.216) 1350 (54) 1371.6 (54.000) 6.2 (0.243) 1600 (63) 1600.2 (63.000) 7.20 (0.284) TS-4b M 326-4 AASHTO 2012 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officia
30、ls.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.7.3.2. Wall ThicknessThe wall thickness shall have the minimum thicknesses in Table 2 for each standard dimension ratio, when measured in accordance with Section 9.5.3. Table 2Minimum Wall Thickness Nominal Pipe Size, mm (in.) Outs
31、ide Diameter, mm (in.) SDR 41 Wall Thickness, mm(in.) SDR 32.5 Wall Thickness, mm(in.) SDR 26 Wall Thickness, mm(in.) 300 (12) 323.8 (12.750) 7.9 (0.310) 10 (0.392) 12.4 (0.490) 325 (13) 339.7 (13.375) 8.2 (0.326) 10.4 (0.412) 13.1 (0.514) 350 (14) 355.6 (14.000) 8.0 (0.314) 10.9 (0.431) 13.6 (0.538
32、) 400 (16) 406.4 (16.000) 9.9 (0.390) 12.5 (0.492) 15.6 (0.615) 450 (18) 457.2 (18.000) 11.2 (0.439) 14.1 (0.554) 17.6 (0.692) 500 (20) 508.0 (20.000) 12.4 (0.488) 15.6 (0.615) 19.5 (0.769) 538 (21.5) 546.1 (21.500) 13.3 (0.524) 16.8 (0.662) 21.0 (0.827) 550 (22) 558.8 (22.000) 13.6 (0.537) 17.2 (0.
33、677) 23.4 (0.846) 600 (24) 609.6 (24.000) 14.9 (0.585) 18.7 (0.738) 23.4 (0.923) 650 (26) 660.4 (26.000) 16.1 (0.634) 20.3 (0.800) 25.4 (1.000) 700 (28) 711.2 (28.000) 17.4 (0.683) 21.9 (0.862) 27.4 (1.077) 750 (30) 762.0 (30.000) 18.6 (0.732) 23.4 (0.923) 29.3 (1.154) 800 (32) 812.5 (32.000) 19.8 (
34、0.780) 25.0 (0.985) 31.3 (1.231) 850 (34) 863.6 (34.000) 21.1 (0.829) 26.6 (1.046) 33.2 (1.308) 900 (36) 914.4 (36.000) 22.3 (0.878) 28.1 (1.108) 35.2 (1.385) 1050 (42) 1066.8 (42.000) 26.0 (1.024) 32.8 (1.292) 41.0 (1.615) 1200 (48) 1219.2 (48.000) 29.7 (1.171) 37.5 (1.477) 46.9 (1.846) 1350 (54) 1
35、371.6 (54.000) 33.4 (1.317) 42.2 (1.662) 52.8 (2.077) 1600 (63) 1600.2 (63.000) Not Available 49.2 (1.938) 61.5 (2.423) TS-4b M 326-5 AASHTO 2012 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.7.3.3. Average
36、 Inside DiameterThe average inside diameter (ID) shall be calculated as follows: (min maxmin21.02OD ODAvgID t+=)6 (2)where: AvgID = Average inside diameter, mm (in.); ODmin= Minimum outside diameter from Table 1, mm (in.); ODmax= Maximum outside diameter from Table 1, mm (in.); and tmin= Minimum wal
37、l thickness from Table 2, mm (in.). 7.3.4. LengthPE liner pipe may be sold in any length agreeable to the user. The furnished length shall not be less than the shorter of 99 percent of the agreed length or 12 mm (1/2in.), whichever is less. 7.4. Pipe StiffnessThe pipe shall have a minimum pipe stiff
38、ness at 5 percent deflection as follows when tested in accordance with Section 9.1. The minimum pipe stiffness shall be as follows: 41 SDR 55.2 kPa (8 psi) 32.5 SDR 110.3 kPa (16 psi) 26 SDR 213.7 kPa (31 psi) 7.4.1. Pipe stiffness test for 600 mm (24 in.) and smaller diameters may be extrapolated t
39、o larger sizes of the same SDR classification, provided the manufacturer can document the following equation accurately predicts the pipe stiffness for all sizes and SDR: ()31CEPSSDR=(3)where: C = Design constant; = 0.649 in SI units; = 4.472 in U.S. customary units; E = Flexural Modulus, kPa (psi);
40、 and SDR = Standard Dimension Ratio (as defined in Section 4). 7.5. Pipe FlatteningThere shall be no evidence of wall buckling, cracking, or splitting when the pipe is tested in accordance with Section 9.2. 7.6. Fitting Requirements: 7.6.1. The fittings shall not reduce or impair the overall integri
41、ty or function of the PE liner pipe. 7.6.2. Common fittings include in-line joint fittings, reducers, and branch or complementary assembly fittings such as tees and wyes. These fittings shall be installed or coupled to the pipe by various methods in accordance with Section 7.7. 7.6.3. All fittings s
42、hall be within an overall length dimensional tolerance 12 mm (1/2in.) of the manufacturers specified dimensions when measured in accordance with Section 9.5.2. 7.6.4. Fittings shall not reduce the inside diameter of the pipe being joined by more than 12 mm (1/2in.). Reducer fittings shall not reduce
43、 the cross-sectional area of the small size. TS-4b M 326-6 AASHTO 2012 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.7.6.5. Fabricated fittings should be supplied with joints compatible with the overall sys
44、tem. 7.7. Jointing Requirements: 7.7.1. Joints shall provide sufficient longitudinal (or axial) strength to preserve pipe alignment, prevent separation at the joints, and maintain integrity while pushing or pulling pipe lengths into existing pipes or culverts. Joints shall be mechanical or male and
45、female joint connections. Mechanical or male and female joints connections shall be an integral part of the PE liner pipe. Alternatively, the mechanical joint, male and female joints, or pipe ends may be heat fused provided that the fusion process meets the requirements of ASTM F 2620 and that the f
46、used connection meets the requirements of Section 7 of this standard. 7.7.2. Joints shall have sufficient longitudinal or axial compression strength to withstand a maximum compressive force of 17.5 N/mm (100 lbf/in.) of outside diameter circumference in compression while maintaining joint integrity
47、when tested in accordance with Section 9.4.1. 7.7.3. Joints shall have sufficient pull apart strength to withstand a maximum tensile force of 17.5 N/mm (100 lbf/in.) of outside diameter circumference in tension without joint disassembly when tested in accordance with Section 9.4.2. 7.7.4. Joints sha
48、ll not reduce the inside diameter or enlarge the outside diameter of the pipe being joined by more than 6 mm (1/4in.). When the pipe is coupled, the axis of the assembly will be level and true when tested in accordance with Section 9.4.3. 7.7.5. Other types of mechanical jointing, which are equally
49、effective as those described and which comply with the joint performance criteria of Section 7.7, may be used when approved by the purchaser. 7.7.6. All joints shall meet the watertight joint requirements of Section 7.8 unless otherwise specified by the owner/designer. 7.8. Watertight joints must meet a 74 kPa (10.8 psi) laboratory test per ASTM D 3212. Mechanical coupler or male and female joint design shall use a gasket meeting ASTM F 477. 8. CONDITIONING 8.1. ConditioningUnless otherwise specified, for those
