1、Standard Method of Test for Sampling Procedure for Impact Testing of Structural Steel AASHTO Designation: T 243M/T 243-08 (2012)1ASTM Designation: A673/A673M-07(2012) American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 444 North Capitol Street N.W., Suite 249 Washington, D.C. 20001 TS
2、-4f T 243M/T 243-1 AASHTO Standard Method of Test for Sampling Procedure for Impact Testing of Structural Steel AASHTO Designation: T 243M/T 243-08 (2012)1ASTM Designation: A673/A673M-07(2012) 1. SCOPE 1.1. This specification establishes the procedure for longitudinal Charpy V-notch testing of struc
3、tural steel and contains two frequencies of testing. The impact properties of steel can vary within the same heat and piece, be it as rolled, control rolled, or heat treated. The purchaser should therefore be aware that testing of one plate, bar, or shape does not provide assurance that all plates,
4、bars, or shapes of the same heat as processed will be identical in toughness with the product tested. Normalizing or quenching and tempering the product will reduce the degree of variation. 1.2. This specification is intended to supplement specifications for structural steel when so specified. 1.3.
5、This specification does not necessarily apply to all product specifications; therefore, the manufacturer or processor should be consulted for energy absorption levels and minimum testing temperatures that can be expected or supplied. 1.4. Two frequencies of testing (P and H) are prescribed. 1.5. The
6、 values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two
7、 systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1. AASHTO Standard: T 244, Mechanical Testing of Steel Products 2.2. ASTM Standard: A6/A6M, Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling 3. OR
8、DERING INFORMATION 3.1. The inquiry and order shall indicate the following: 3.1.1. The frequency of testing: (P) or (H); 3.1.2. The test temperature to be used (Sections 4.5 and 4.6); 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a
9、 violation of applicable law.TS-4f T 243M/T 243-2 AASHTO 3.1.3. Minimum average absorbed energy value (see Sections 4.1 and 4.6); 3.1.4. Transverse impact test orientation for plate widths greater than 600 mm 24 in., if desired (see Section 4.2.2); 3.1.5. Alternate core location (see Section 4.3), i
10、f applicable; and 3.1.6. Condition (as rolled, stress-relieved normalized, normalized and stress relieved, or quenched and tempered). 4. TESTS 4.1. Impact testing shall be in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions in T 244. An impact test shall consist of testing three specimens taken from a s
11、ingle test coupon or test location, the average result of which is to be not less than the minimum average absorbed energy specified in the purchase order, which in no case shall be less than 10 J 7 ft-lbf for full-size specimens. 4.2. Except as allowed by Section 4.3, the specimen for plates and ba
12、rs shall be taken from a location adjacent to the location specified for the tension test specimen and the specimen for shapes shall be taken from a location at an end of a shape at a point one-third the distance from the outer edge of the flange or leg to the web or heel of the shape. (See Figures
13、1 and 2.) For plates produced from coils, three impact tests shall be taken from the product of each coil or qualifying coil (see Section 5). One test coupon shall be obtained from a location adjacent to the location specified for each of the two required tension tests (see ASTM A6/A6M), and a third
14、 test coupon shall be obtained immediately after the last plate produced to the qualifying specification. Notes: 1. LT (Longitudinal tensile test). For widths through 600 mm 24 in., may be taken at any location, A through H. 2. TT (Transverse tensile test). For widths more than 600 mm 24 in., may be
15、 taken at locations B, C, F, or G. 3. CIL (Charpy impact longitudinal). May be taken at any location, A through H. 4. CIT (Charpy impact transverse). For widths more than 600 mm 24 in., may be taken at location B, C, F, or G. Figure 1Plate Test Location 2015 by the American Association of State High
16、way and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4f T 243M/T 243-3 AASHTO Notes: 1. CIL = Charpy impact longitudinal. 2. Test coupon for impact specimens may be taken from locations A, B, C, or D as shown laid out at location A. Figure 2Shape Test
17、 Location Note: The notch for any of the specimens can be on either side of the beam centerline. Figure 3Alternate Core Location for Charpy V-Notch Specimens 4.2.1. Except as allowed by Section 4.2.2, the longitudinal axis of each specimen shall be parallel to the final direction of rolling of the p
18、late or parallel to the major axis of the shape. 4.2.2. If specified in the purchase order, for plate widths greater than 600 mm 24 in., the longitudinal axis of each specimen shall be transverse to the final direction of the rolling of the plate. 4.2.3. The longitudinal axis of each specimen shall
19、be located, as near as practicable, midway between the surface and the center of the product thickness and the length of the notch shall be perpendicular to the rolled surface of the material. 4.3. For shapes with a flange thickness equal to or greater than 38.1 mm 11/2in., where alternate core loca
20、tion resting is specified in the purchase order, the longitudinal axis of each specimen shall be located midway between the inner flange surface and the center of the flange thickness at the intersection with the web mid-thickness. (See Figure 3.) 4.4. The absorbed energy values obtained for subsize
21、 specimens shall not be less than the applicable values given in Table 1, which are proportional to the absorbed energy values required for full-size specimens. 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicabl
22、e law.TS-4f T 243M/T 243-4 AASHTO Table 1Equivalent Absorbed Energy for Various Specimen Sizes Full Size, 10 by 10 mm 3/4Size, 10 by 7.5 mm 2/3Size, 10 by 6.7 mm 1/2Size, 10 by 5 mm 1/3Size, 10 by 3.3 mm 1/4 Size, 10 by 2.5 mm J ft/lbf J ft/lbf J ft/lbf J ft/lbf J ft/lbf J ft/lbf 54 40 41 30 37 27 2
23、7 20 18 13 14 10 48 35 35 26 31 23 24 18 16 12 12 9 41 30 30 22 27 20 20 15 14 10 11 8 34 25 26 19 23 17 16 12 11 8 8 6 27 20 20 15 18 13 14 10 10 7 7 5 22 16 16 12 15 11 11 8 7 5 5 4 20 15 15 11 14 10 11 8 7 5 5 4 18 13 14 10 12 9 8 6 5 4 4 3 16 12 12 9 11 8 8 6 5 4 4 3 14 10 11 8 10 7 7 5 4 3 3 2
24、10 7 7 5 7 5 5 4 3 2 3 2 4.5. Except as allowed by Section 4.6, the test temperature shall be as specified in the purchase order. 4.6. The manufacturer shall have the option of using a lower test temperature than is specified in the purchase order, provided that the absorbed energy values specified
25、in the purchase order are met. 4.7. The actual test temperature used shall be reported with the test results. 5. FREQUENCY OF TESTING 5.1. Frequency (H) Heat Testing for Plates, Shapes, and BarsOne impact test (a set of three specimens) shall be made for each 45 Mg 50 tons of the same type of produc
26、t subject to the requirements of this specification produced on the same mill from the same heat of steel. The impact test(s) shall be taken from different as-rolled or heat-treated pieces. Impact specimens shall be selected from the thickest material rolled subject to the following modifications: W
27、hen material rolled up to 50 mm 2 in. inclusive in thickness differs by 10 mm 3/8in. or more in thickness, one impact test shall be made from both the thickest and the thinnest material rolled. When material rolled more than 50 mm 2 in. in thickness differs by more than 25 mm 1 in. in thickness, one
28、 impact test or more shall be made from both the thickest and the thinnest material rolled that is more than 50 mm 2 in. in thickness. If insufficient pieces of the thickest or thinnest material are produced to permit compliance with the above, then testing may proceed to the next nearest thickness
29、available. When plates are produced from coils, three impact tests shall be taken from each qualifying coil. (See Section 4.2.) One such coil shall be tested for 45 Mg 50 tons of the same product produced on the same mill from the same heat of steel. When material from one heat differs 2 mm 1/16in.
30、or more in thickness, tests shall be made from both the thickest and thinnest material rolled regardless of the number of coils represented. 5.2. Frequency (P) Piece Testing: 5.2.1. PlatesOne Charpy V-notch impact test (a set of three specimens) shall be made from each plate as rolled except for mat
31、erial that has been heat treated by quenching and tempering, in which case specimens shall be selected from each heat-treated plate. When plates are produced from coils, three impact tests shall be taken from each coil. 5.2.2. ShapesOne Charpy V-notch impact test (a set of three specimens) shall be
32、made from at least each 15 Mg 15 tons or each single length of 15 Mg 15 tons or more, of the same nominal shape size, excluding length, from each heat in the as-rolled condition. If the shapes are heat treated, one 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All ri
33、ghts reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4f T 243M/T 243-5 AASHTO test shall be taken from each heat of each furnace lot. For shapes heat treated in a continuous furnace, a lot shall not exceed 15 Mg 15 tons. 5.2.3. BarsOne Charpy V-notch impact test (a set of three specimens)
34、shall be made for each 5 Mg 5 tons of the same heat and same diameter or thickness if the material is furnished as rolled or is heat treated in a continuous-type furnace. For material heat treated in a noncontinuous furnace, one test shall be taken from each heat of the same bar diameter or thicknes
35、s for each furnace charge. 6. HEAT TREATMENT 6.1. The material shall be heat treated when specified on the purchase order. 6.2. When the plates are to be supplied in the as-rolled condition, the manufacturer or processor (ASTM A6/A6M) has the option to heat treat the plates by normalizing, stress re
36、lieving, or normalizing and stress relieving to meet the desired toughness properties. 6.3. When the fabricator elects to perform the required heat treatment or fabricates by hot forming instead of heat treating, the plates shall be accepted on the basis of tests made on full thickness specimens hea
37、t treated in accordance with the purchasers order requirements. If the heat-treatment temperatures are not indicated on the purchase order, the manufacturer or processor shall heat treat the specimens under conditions considered appropriate for grain refinement and to meet the toughness requirements
38、. The plate manufacturer or processor shall inform the purchaser of the procedure followed in treating the specimens. 7. RETESTS 7.1. If more than one individual test value is below the specified minimum average value, or if one individual test value is below the greater of 7 J 5 ftlbf or two-thirds
39、 of the specified minimum average value, a retest of three additional specimens shall be made, each of which must have a test value equal to or exceeding the specified minimum average value. 7.2. If the required energy values are not obtained upon retest, the material may, at the option of the manuf
40、acturer or processor, be heat treated in the case of as-rolled material or reheat treated in the case of heat-treated material. 7.3. After heat treatment or reheat treatment, a set of three specimens shall be tested and qualified in the same manner as for the original material. 7.4. If the impact te
41、st fails for the thickest product tested when testing to frequency (H), that material shall be rejected and the next thickest material tested to qualify the heat in accordance with Section 4.1. At the option of the manufacturer or processor, retests may be made on the rejected material, in which cas
42、e each piece shall be accepted or rejected on the basis of the results of its own test. 8. TEST REPORTS 8.1. Test reports for each heat supplied are required when specified by the purchase order. 8.1.1. Test reports shall show the results of each test required by the specification. However, for (H)
43、frequency, only one test need be reported when the amount of materials from shipment is less than 45 Mg 50 tons or two tests when the amount of materials from a shipment is 45 Mg 50 tons or more. 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.All rights reserved. Dupl
44、ication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4f T 243M/T 243-6 AASHTO 8.1.2. The thickness of the product tested may not necessarily be the same as an individual ordered thickness when (H) heat testing is ordered. Tests from materials thicknesses in accordance with Section 5.1 and encompassing the th
45、icknesses in a shipment shall be sufficient for qualifying the material in the shipment. These test thicknesses may or may not be within previously tested and shipped thicknesses from the same heat. 8.1.3. For plates produced from coils, all three test results shall be reported for each qualifying c
46、oil. If only half or less of a coil is utilized, then only one test from the outer lap and one from the innermost portion shipped need be reported. 8.1.4. For plates produced from coils, both the manufacturer and processor shall be identified on the test report. 8.1.5. A signature is not required on
47、 the test report. However, the document shall clearly identify the organization submitting the report. Notwithstanding the absence of a signature, the organization submitting the report is responsible for the content of the report. 8.1.6. When finished material is supplied to a purchase order specif
48、ying T 243M/T 243, the organization supplying that material shall provide the purchaser with a copy of the original manufacturers test report. 9. KEYWORDS 9.1. Charpy V-notch; impact; sampling procedure; steel; structural steel; testing. 2015 by the American Association of State Highway and Transpor
49、tation Officials.All rights reserved. Duplication is a violation of applicable law.TS-4f T 243M/T 243-7 AASHTO APPENDIX (Nonmandatory Information) X1. VARIATION IN CHARPY V-NOTCH TESTS X1.1. A survey of the variation to be expected in Charpy V-notch test results obtained from three common fine-grain plate steels was conducted by the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI).2The res
