1、 Residential Natural Gas Market Survey February 2014 (2012 Data) RESIDENTIAL NATURAL GAS MARKET SURVEY 2012 DATA 65th Annual Survey of the U.S. Natural Gas Utility Industry Published by the Policy Analysis Group American Gas Association 400 N. Capitol Street, NW, Suite 450 Washington, D.C. 20001 www
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6、wn risk. Information on the topics covered by this publication may be available from other sources, which the user may wish to consult for additional views or information not covered by this publication. February 2014 by the American Gas Association. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in
7、part is prohibited without the permission of the copyright owner. AGA Catalog No. F00014 . i CONTENTS Introduction . 1 Executive Summary 2 United States Housing Market in 2012 . 4 New Housing Completions . 4 Existing Housing . 8 Residential Natural Gas Customers in 2012 . 11 Total Residential Custom
8、ers . 11 House-Heating Customers 11 Natural Gas Customer and Unit Additions . 11 House-Heating Conversions . 11 Natural Gas Appliance Market Share and Consumption . 134 Market Share of Natural Gas Appliances in Residences 145 Natural Gas Consumption per Appliance . 178 Gas Hearth Shipments. 189 Resi
9、dential Bill Payment Assistance Programs 189 Competitive Residential Energy Prices . 20 Appendix A Sales Customers, Consumption, and Revenue Data by Company Appendix B Transportation Customers and Consumption Data by Company Appendix C Changes in Customers and Consumption from Previous Year by Compa
10、ny Appendix D Metropolitan Statistical Area Natural Gas Market Shares Appendix E U.S. Census Regions i ii LIST OF TABLES Page 1. 2012 Private Housing Completions by Heating Fuel.5 2. Comparison of 2011 and 2012 Private Housing Completions 6 3. Market Share of Private Housing Completions by Heating F
11、uel (2000-2012) .8 4. 2012 Household Space Heating Market Share9 5. Historic Household Space Heating Market Shares.10 6. 2012 Gas Customers and Unit Additions . .12 7. Changes in U. S. Primary Home Heating Energy Sources 2000 2010.13 8. Market Share of Natural Gas Space Heating 1987-2011.14 9. Marke
12、t Share of Natural Gas Cooking 1987-201114 10. Market Share of Natural Gas Water Heating 1987-201115 11. Market Share of Natural Gas Clothes Drying 1987-2011.15 12. Market Share of Natural Gas, 2011.1 6 13. Natural Gas Market Share by Sector, 2011 .16 14. U.S. Natural Gas Customer Appliance Profile.
13、 .17 15. 2012 Annual Gas Consumption per Appliance by Region 17 16. Hearth Industry Unit Shipments 1 8 17. Energy Assistance and Energy Efficiency Contributions.1 9 18. 2012 Competitive Fuel Prices20 LIST OF FIGURES Page 1. Gas Heat is Preferred in New Homes over Electricity and OilSingle Family Com
14、pletions 2000-2012. .3 2. Heating Market Share of All Private Housing Completions 2000-2012 .7 1 Introduction This years report is the 65th annual Residential Natural Gas Market Survey conducted by the American Gas Association (AGA). The data collected for 2012 provide a unique and comprehensive por
15、trait of the residential natural gas market. Detailed information is presented by state and region, including customers, market share, inventory additions from new homes, and conversions from alternative fuels. Company-specific data are reported in Appendices A, B and C. Appendix D presents natural
16、gas market shares data for the metropolitan statistical areas. A total of 71 natural gas utility companies responded to this years survey, representing 70 percent of the total U.S. residential customers. These responses are a decrease from the 74 utilities that responded to last years survey. Compan
17、y-specific data were also derived from the Energy Information Administrations Form 176 database. Incorporated in the survey results are data regarding new private housing completions as well as existing homes from the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The source of these data is different from the statisti
18、cs compiled from the survey respondents and should be evaluated separately. Our thanks go to those companies participating in this Residential Natural Gas Market Survey information-gathering effort. Their cooperation and support are essential to making this publication a primary source of natural ga
19、s utility industry data and an important industry reference. 2 Executive Summary In the United States, 61 percent of households, or 66 million customers, have natural gas service. Eighty-four percent of these customers used natural gas for house heating. Natural gas remained the United States most p
20、opular energy source for home heating, with a 49 percent residential market share. Put another way, natural gas heated more homes in this country than all other major energy sources combined electricity was 37 percent, heating oil six percent, and propane five percent. In 2012, the majority of newly
21、 built single-family homes (59 percent) featured gas heat, up from a 55 percent gas-heat share in 2011. The gas space-heating share of new single-family housing completions exceeded the electric share in all but the southern region of the country. New gas single-family home completions have exceeded
22、 all other energy sources for at least thirteen years (see Figure 1). In the new multi-family housing arena, gas market share for space heating rose to 39 percent in 2012 from 37 percent in 2011. When both single- and multi-family units are considered, the gas heating share of new housing completion
23、s rose to 53 percent, compared to 51 percent the previous year. The overall electric share declined to 44 percent in 2012. Net additions to the number of residential natural gas customers totaled 649,686 in 2012. This represents a 1.0 percent increase in total customers compared to 2011. The 2012 su
24、rvey results show that roughly 43 percent of all new natural gas customers came from homes converted from another energy source. In fact, survey respondents were asked to provide a breakdown of conversions by fuel type. Based on these data, fuel oil conversions to natural gas accounted for 21 percen
25、t of all conversions. Approximately seven percent of conversion customers had previously heated with electricity. The respondents were unable to identify the previous heating fuel for 73 percent of the homes. Natural gas water heaters have a 50 percent market share, while shares for gas cooking rose
26、 to 36 percent and clothes drying fell to 20 percent. During 2011, at least $5.8 billion went to assist low-income households pay their energy bills or weatherize their homes. Most of the funding came from the federal Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP), with $4.5 billion in funds. Ut
27、ilities, both electric and natural gas, accounted for 19 percent ($1.1 billion) of the total in the form of discounts, waivers, forgiveness of arrearages, and weatherization programs. 3 Figure 1 Gas Heat is Preferred in New Homes over Electricity and Oil Single-Family Home Completions (2000-2012) So
28、urce: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Annual 2012 Characteristics of New Housing NOTE: Gas includes both propane and natural gas.4 United States Housing Market in 2012 New Housing Completions Home-building increased significantly in 2012, with 649,000 homes being built, a 12 percent increase from 2011. G
29、as heat continued to dominate the new single-family home market. According to the U.S. Bureau of the Census, new single-family completions heated by gas totaled 285,000 in 2012, up nine percent from 244,000 in 2011. Gas heating market share rose to 59 percent in 2012, compared to 55 percent in 2011.
30、 The 2012 electric heating market share of new home completions declined to 39 percent. Single-family home completions heated by gas exceeded electric completions for the 26th consecutive year. In the 2012 new multi-family housing arena, gas market share for space heating increased to 39 percent, co
31、mpared to the 2011 level of 37 percent. The total number of multi-family units completed in 2012 increased to 166,000 compared to 138,000 in 2011. Market share for electric heat stayed the same compared to 2011. Gas-heated multi-family units numbered 65,000 compared with 51,000 electric units in 201
32、1. When both single and multi-family units are considered, the market share of new housing heated by gas in 2012 was 53 percent. The overall 2012 electric house heating market share decreased three percentage points to reach 44 percent. Tables 1 and 2 present the regional breakdown of units complete
33、d by type of fuel. Single-family home completions heated by gas outnumbered electric completions in all regions except the South. The gas market shares in the Northeast, Midwest, South and West regions were 81 percent, 76 percent, 37 percent and 87 percent, respectively. In the multi-family sector,
34、gas completions exceeded electric in the Northeast and West regions. Table 3 shows new housing market share data from 2000 to 2012. The Census data show that in recent years, electric market share has increased at the expense of gas, from 65 percent gas and 32 percent electric in 2000 to 59 percent
35、for gas and 39 percent for electric in 2012. 5 Table 1 2012 Housing Completions by Heating Fuel Share Units (Thousands) Single-Family U.S. Northeast Midwest South West Gas1 59% 285 38 65 94 87 Electricity 39% 189 5 18 155 11 Oil 0% 2 2 (Z) (Z) (Z) Other2 1% 7 2 2 2 2 Subtotal 100% 483 47 85 251 100
36、Multi-Family Gas1 40% 65 24 13 4 24 Electricity 60% 99 3 11 70 14 Oil Z (Z) Z Z Z Z Other2 NA NA NA NA NA NA Subtotal 100% 164 27 24 74 38 Combined Gas1 54% 350 62 78 98 111 Electricity 45% 288 8 29 225 25 Oil 0% 2 2 0 0 0 Other2 1% 7 2 2 2 2 TOTAL 100% 647 74 109 325 138 Heat Pump3 Single-Family 97
37、% 183 4 16 154 9 Multi-Family 82% 81 7 11 53 11 Combined 92% 264 11 27 207 20 Manufactured Homes4 52 4 8 34 7 1Includes propane. 2Includes wood, coal, solar, and other fuels. 3Subset of electricity. Share information reflects total market. 4Not included in the totals for Single-Family, Multi-Family,
38、 or Combined. Heating fuel information not available for manufactured homes. Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census Website. Z = Less than 500 units or less than 0.5 percent. NA = Not available Note: Components may not add to totals due to rounding and withheld data Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Cha
39、racteristics of New Housing: 2012 6 Table 2 A Comparison of 2011 and 2012 Private Housing Completions (Percent of Home Energy Market) U.S. Total Northeast Midwest South West 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 Single-Family Gas1 55% 59% 75% 81% 73% 76% 35% 37% 81% 87% Electricity 43% 3
40、9% 17% 11% 25% 21% 64% 62% 16% 11% Oil 1% 0% 6% 4% Z 0% Z 0% Z 0% Other 2% 1% 2% 4% 3% 2% 1% 1% 3% 2% Multi-Family Gas1 37% 40% 91% 89% 35% 54% 5% 5% 56% 63% Electricity 62% 60% 6% 11% 63% 46% 95% 95% 42% 37% Oil 0% 0% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Other NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Combined Gas1 50% 54%
41、 81% 84% 63% 72% 29% 30% 76% 80% Electricity 47% 45% 14% 11% 35% 27% 71% 69% 22% 18% Oil 1% 0% 4% 3% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Other 1% 1% 1% 3% 2% 2% 1% 1% 2% 1% 1Includes propane. Z = Less than 500 units or less than 0.5 percent. NA = Not available Note: Percentages may not add up to 100% due to rounding
42、Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Characteristics of New Housing: 2012 7 Source: See Table 3 on the next page. Note: Gas includes natural gas and propane. 8 Table 3 Market Share of Private Housing Completions by Heating Fuel (2000-2012) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20
43、12 Single-Family Gas1 70% 70% 68% 70% 69% 66% 62% 60% 59% 55% 54% 55% 59% Electricity 27% 27% 28% 27% 29% 31% 35% 38% 38% 42% 43% 43% 39% Oil 3% 3% 3% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 0% Other 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 2% 2% 2% 2% 1% Multi-Family Gas1 54% 53% 54% 48% 53% 55% 56% 58% 62% 62% 62% 62% 60% Elec
44、tricity 45% 47% 45% 51% 46% 43% 43% 41% 37% 36% 35% 37% 40% Oil Z Z Z Z Z 2% Z 1% Z Z Z Z 0% Other NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Combined Gas1 65% 65% 64% 67% 65% 63% 59% 56% 53% 48% 50% 50% 54% Electricity 32% 32% 33% 31% 33% 35% 39% 42% 45% 49% 48% 47% 45% Oil 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1
45、% 1% 1% 0% Other 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 0% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1Includes propane. S = Data withheld because they did not meet publication standards on the basis of response rate, associated standard error or consistency review. Z = Less than 500 units or less than 0.5 percent. NA = Not available Note: Perc
46、entages may not add up to 100% due to rounding Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Characteristics of New Housing: 2012 Existing Housing According to the U.S. Census Bureau, nearly half of the existing housing units in 2012 used natural gas to heat their homes, accounting for more than 56 million (or
47、 49 percent) of the 115 million occupied housing units in the United States (see Table 4). Gas holds the largest market share in the Midwest, where 68 percent of the homes in that region have gas-heating systems. Gas heating beats out the competition in the Northeast and West regions of the country.
48、 Natural gas house-heating market share in the Northeast was 53 percent, while the natural gas share was 59 percent in the West. Gas has the lowest market share in the warmer climate of the South. About 31 percent of the houses in the South used natural gas space heating in 2012. 9 Table 4 2012 Household Space-Heating Market Share N A T U R A L G A S E L E C T R I C I T Y F U E L O I L P R O P A N E O T H E RN O R TH EA S T 53% 14% 26% 4% 4%NE W E NG L A ND 37% 12% 40% 5% 5%C o n n e c t i c u t 33% 16% 45% 3% 3%M
