1、 MIL-PRF-81298E 28 September 2011 SUPERSEDING MIL-D-81298D 29 January 1988 PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION DYE, LIQUID FOR THE DETECTION OF LEAKS IN AIRCRAFT FUEL SYSTEMS AMSC N/A FSC 6820 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. METRIC Comments, suggestions, or qu
2、estions on this document should be addressed to AFPA/PTPT 2430 C Street, Bldg 70, Area B, Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-7632 or e-mailed to AFPET.AFTTwpafb.af.mil. Since contact information can change, you may want to verify the currency of this address information using the ASSIST Online database a
3、t https:/assist.daps.dla.mil or https:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch. Reactivated after 28-September-2011 and may be used for new and existing designs and acquisitions. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-PRF-81298E 2 This specifica
4、tion is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense. 1. SCOPE 1.1 Scope1.2 Classification. Liquid dye will be of the following types as specified (see 6.2.) . This specification covers the requirements for liquid dyes which are added to aircraft fuel systems to aid
5、in the detection of fuel leaks (see 6.1). Type I Red Type II Yellow Type III Yellow/Green Fluorescent 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1 General2.2 . The documents listed in this section are specified in sections 3, 4, or 5 of this specification. This section does not include documents cited in other secti
6、ons of this specification or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements of documents cited in sections 3, 4, or 5 of this specification, w
7、hether or not they are listed. Government documents2.2.1 . Specifications, standards, and handbooksDEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SPECIFICATIONS . The following specifications, standards and handbooks form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these
8、 documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract. MIL-DTL-5624 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Grades JP-4 and JP-5 MIL-DTL-83133 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Kerosene Type, JP-8 (NATO F-34), NATO F-35, and JP-8+100 (NATO F-37) (Copies of these documents are available online at https:/assist.daps.dla.m
9、il/quicksearch 2.2.2 or from the Standardization Document Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.) Other Government documents, drawings, and publicationsU.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (DOL) . The following other Government documents, drawings, and publications form a part
10、 of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract. OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200 Occupational Safety and Health Standards Toxic and Hazardous Substances Hazard Communication (Copies of these documents a
11、re available online at http:/www.osha.gov or may be obtained from OSHA Publication Office, Room S-4203, 200 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20210.) Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-PRF-81298E 3 2.3 Non-government publication
12、sAMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI) . The following documents form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract. ANSI/ASQ Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspections
13、 by Attributes (Copies of these documents are available online at http:/webstore.ansi.org or may be obtained from the American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036. Copies are also available online at http:/asq.org or may be obtained from the American Soci
14、ety for Quality, 600 North Plankinton Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53203.) ASTM INTERNATIONAL AST M D97 Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (DoD Adopted) ASTM D1310 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point and Fire Point of Liquids by Tag Open-Cup Apparatus (DoD Adopted) ASTM D2276 Stand
15、ard Test Method for Particulate Contaminant in Aviation Fuel by Line Sampling (DoD Adopted) ASTM D3241 Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels (DoD Adopted) ASTM D3278 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Small Scale Closed-Cup Apparatus (DoD Ado
16、pted) ASTM D4057 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (DoD Adopted) ASTM D4177 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (DoD Adopted) ASTM D6304 Standard Test Method for Determination of Water in Petroleum Products, Lubricating
17、 Oils, and Additives by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration (DoD Adopted) (Copies of these documents are available online at http:/www.astm.org or at AST M International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken PA 19428-2959.) 2.4 Order of precedence3. REQUIREMENTS . Unless otherwise no
18、ted herein or in the contract, in the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 3.1 Fi
19、rst article. When specified, a sample shall be subjected to first article inspection in accordance with 4.2. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-PRF-81298E 4 3.2 Materials3.3 . The dyes shall consist essentially of liquid oil soluble
20、dyes, completely organic and containing no reactive amino groups. The contractor shall certify that no carcinogenic or potentially carcinogenic constituents are present as defined under the Hazard Communications Standard (HCS) (29 CFR 1910.1200). Certificate to this effect shall be made available to
21、 the contracting officer or the contracting officers designated representative. The composition of the dye shall be made available upon request of the using activity. The product shall be entirely suitable for the intended use (see 6.1). Chemical and physical requirements3.4 . The chemical and physi
22、cal requirements of the finished dyes shall conform to the requirements listed in section 3, Table I and Table II when tested in accordance with the applicable test methods. Requirements contained herein are not subject to correction for test tolerances. Storage stability3.5 . The finished dyes shal
23、l remain stable and conform to the requirements in section 3, Table I and Table II as applicable for at least one year when tested in accordance with 4.4.5. Thermal stability3.6 . In addition to the requirements of Table I and Table II, Type I (Red), Type II (Yellow) and Type III (Yellow/Green Fluor
24、escent) dyes shall not degrade the thermal stability of MIL-DTL-5624 or MIL-DTL-83133 fuels, when tested in accordance with ASTM D3241 (see 4.4.2). This test is applicable only for the first article sample. Color3.7 . The liquid dye shall be Type I (Red), Type II (Yellow) or Type III (Yellow/Green F
25、luorescent) as specified (see 6.2). WorkmanshipTABLE I. Physical requirements and test methods for Type I Red and Type II Yellow Dye. . When examined visually, the liquid dye shall be completely homogeneous material free from any insoluble matter. Requirements Min Max Test Method Moisture, mass perc
26、ent 0.08 D6304 Flash point, open cup, C 32 D1310 Flash point, closed cup, C 25 D3278 Pour point, C -18 D97 Color value (absorptivity) 1/ Type I (Red) 30 Type II (Yellow) 24 Wavelength at maximum absorption, nanometers (nm) 1/Type I (Red) 510 522 Type II (Yellow) 423 442 Contamination of aircraft fue
27、l, mg/L D2276 2/ Type I (Red) 2.0 Type II (Yellow) 1.0 Notes: 1/ See 4.4.3 for test procedure 2/ See 4.4.1 for test procedure Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-PRF-81298E 5 TABLE II. Physical requirements and test methods for Type I
28、II Yellow/Green Fluorescent Dye. Requirements Min Max Test Method Moisture, mass percent 0.08 D6304 Flash point, open cup, C 43 D1310 Flash point, closed cup, C 40 D3278 Pour point, C -18 D97 Percent transmittance at 525 nanometers (nm) a. Dilution ratio dye: Xylene = 1: 1250 80 1/ b. Dilution ratio
29、 dye: Xylene = 1: 833 71 1/Contamination of aircraft fuel, mg/L 1.0 D2276 2/ Notes: 1/ See 4.4.4 for test procedure 2/ See 4.4.1 for test procedure 4. VER IFICATION 4.1 Classification of inspectionsa. First article inspection (see 4.2). . The inspection requirements specified herein are classified a
30、s follows: b. Conformance inspection (see 4.3). 4.2 First article inspection4.2.1 . Test requirements of section 3 shall be complied with prior to bid on any product required under this specification. First article sample4.3 . When a contractor has not previously furnished material under this specif
31、ication, one liter of the liquid dye from the first batch that represents the product offered to the Government under any contract shall be forwarded to the Aerospace Fuels Laboratory, AFPA/PTPLA, 2430 C Street, Building 70 Area B, Wright Patterson AFB OH 45433-7632. Test data which show the results
32、 of tests required by section 3 shall accompany the sample submitted for first article testing. Conformance inspection4.3.1 . Testing for individual lots shall consist of all requirements specified in section 3, except storage stability. Quality conformance inspection shall include the test requirem
33、ents herein. Inspection lots4.3.1.1 . For acceptance purposes, individual lots shall be examined as specified herein and subjected to all requirements cited in section 3. Bulk lot4.3.1.2 . A bulk lot shall consist of an indefinite quantity of a homogeneous mixture of liquid dye offered for acceptanc
34、e in a single, isolated container; or manufactured in a single plant run (not to exceed 24 hours), through the same processing equipment, with no change in the ingredient materials. Packaged lot. A packaged lot shall consist of an indefinite number of one gallon containers or smaller unit packages o
35、f identical size and type, offered for acceptance, and that have been filled with a homogeneous mixture of liquid dye of one color, manufactured Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-PRF-81298E 6 in a single plant run (not to exceed 24
36、hours), through the same processing equipment, with no change in the ingredient materials. 4.3.2 Sampling Plans4.3.2.1 . Sampling for the examination of filled containers4.3.2.2 . Take a random sample of filled containers from each lot in accordance with ANSI/ASQC Z1.4. Sampling for tests4.4 . Take
37、samples from bulk or packaged lots for tests in accordance with ASTM D4057 or ASTM D4177, or both, except where individual test procedures contain specific sampling instructions. Inspection test methods.4.4.1 Tests to determine conformance to chemical and physical requirements shall be conducted in
38、accordance with ASTM Standards, using the applicable methods as listed in Table I, Table II and 4.4.1 through 4.4.5. Particulate contamination.4.4.2 Aviation turbine fuel conforming to MIL-DTL-5624, grade JP-5, shall be filtered through a 0.45 micrometer membrane manufactured by Millipore Filter Cor
39、poration, 225 Ashby Road, Bedford, MA 01730 or equivalent. Dye the prefiltered fuel in the ratio 57 g of dye to 378 L of fuel, assuring a uniform mixture. The contamination resulting from the dissolved liquid dye shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D2276. Repeat this test using prefiltered f
40、uel conforming to MIL-DTL-83133, grade JP-8. Thermal stability4.4.3 . Fuel conforming to MIL-DTL-5624, grade JP-5, or MIL-DTL-83133, grade JP-8, shall be blended in ratios 45 g of dye in 378 L of fuel. When testing in accordance with ASTM D3241, the thermal stability of the dyed JP-5 or JP-8 fuels s
41、hall meet MIL-DTL-5624 or MIL-DTL-83133 requirements, as applicable. Color value and wavelength of maximum absorptiona =A(bc). Accurately weigh to 0.0001 g a 0.3800 g to 0.4000 g sample of red dye or a 0.4200 g to 0.4400 g sample of yellow dye and transfer to a 100 mL volumetric flask. Any amount wi
42、thin the given ranges may be taken. Dilute to the mark with spectral grade xylene (equivalent to American Chemical Society Reagent Grade, suitable for use in spectrophotometry). Agitate until the solution is uniform. Using a class A pipette, transfer 2.00 mL of this solution into a 250 mL volumetric
43、 flask and dilute to a mark with iso-octane. Record the visible spectrum of the final solution in a 1.000 cm cell versus that of iso-octane employing a spectrophotometer which has been checked for wavelength accuracy and photometric accuracy by standard procedure. Determine the wavelength of maximum
44、 absorbance by inspection of the curve. Calculate the absorptivity of a liquid dye using expression: Where: a = absorptivity A = absorbance of the solution at the wavelength of maximum absorbance b = cell thickness in centimeters (cm) c = concentration of the liquid dye in iso-octane in grams per li
45、ter. If the recommended procedure is followed then the concentration of the measure dye solution in grams per liter is equal to the sample weight in grams divided by 12.5 liters. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-PRF-81298E 7 4.4.4
46、Percent transmittance measurement4.4.5 . Accurately weigh to 0.0001 g approximately 1.000 gram fluorescent dye in a 250 mL glass beaker. Dilute the above dye 1250 times (by weight) with spectral grade xylene (equivalent to American Chemical Society Regent Grade, suitable for use in spectrophotometry
47、). Agitate until the solution is uniform. Fill a 2.54 cm diameter glass tube cell with this solution. Measure the percent Transmittance of this solution using a spectrophotometer at 525 nm (nanometer). Repeat the above procedure, but this time, dilute the fluorescent dye 833 times with xylene. Stora
48、ge stability5. PACKAGING . Store a one liter sample of the liquid dye in its original container at a laboratory room temperature of 25 C 3 C for 12 months. After 12 months, shake the can vigorously by hand and examine visually for evidence of product deterioration or can corrosion. After the visual
49、examination, subject the stored sample to all examinations and tests of this specification. 5.1 Packaging6. NOTES . For acquisition purposes, the packaging requirements shall be as specified in the contract or order (see 6.2). When packaging of materiel is to be performed by DoD or in-house contractor personnel, these personnel need to con
