1、Product Life Cycle Management System Requirements for the Petroleum and Natural Gas IndustriesAPI STANDARD 18LCMFIRST EDITION, APRIL 2017Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local,state, and federal laws and regulat
2、ions should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make anywarranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of theinformation contained herein, or assume any liabil
3、ity or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of anyinformation or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors,consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.API p
4、ublications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to ensure theaccuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, orguarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclai
5、ms any liability or responsibility for loss ordamage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication mayconflict.API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operatingpractices. The
6、se publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgmentregarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API publicationsis not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Classified areas
7、may vary depending on the location, conditions, equipment, and substances involved in any givensituation. Users of this Standard should consult with the appropriate authorities having jurisdiction.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API
8、standardis solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent,warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a re
9、trieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2017 American Petroleum InstituteForeword
10、Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for themanufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anythingcontained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against
11、 liability for infringement of letters patent.The verbal forms used to express the provisions in this document are as follows.Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the standard.Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or th
12、at which is advised but not required in orderto conform to the standard.May: As used in a standard, “may” denotes a course of action permissible within the limits of a standard.Can: As used in a standard, “can” denotes a statement of possibility or capability.This document was produced under API sta
13、ndardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification andparticipation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning theinterpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under whichthis publication w
14、as developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American PetroleumInstitute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any partof the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.Generally, API sta
15、ndards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-timeextension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from theAPI Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and ma
16、terials is publishedannually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW,Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms, Definitions, Acrony
18、ms, and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Quality Management System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Life Cycle Management Status . . . . . . .
19、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.1 Responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.2 Determination of
20、Life Cycle Management Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.3 Life Cycle Management Status Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Product Definition Changes. . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Life Cycle Management Plan Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.1 General . . . . . . . . . . .
22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.2 Plan Content. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、 . . . . . 97.3 Plan Approval. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.4 Description of the Managed Product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.5 Identification, Marking, and Traceability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.6 Repair and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.7 Installation, Physical Arrangement, and Service Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.8 Usage History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.9 Preservation of Product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.10 Decommissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Annex A (informative) Summary of LCM 13 Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14TableA.1 Summary of LCM 13 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Product Life Cycle Management System Requirements for the Petr
29、oleum and Natural Gas Industries 1 Scope This document defines the requirements of a management system for service providers performing life cycle management of products for organizations in the petroleum and natural gas industry. The document identifies requirements for service providers of life cy
30、cle management and the activities required to perform product life cycle management including determination of product life cycle management status, actions required to maintain a status, and development of the life cycle management plan. Multiple products used together as part of a system applicati
31、on may be included in the scope of this document, but only as individual products. This document was developed for upstream activities application. This document is intended for pressure-containing and/or pressure-controlling products for wellbore fluids but may also be applied to other equipment th
32、at is specified by the product owner or customer. Although this document and/or portions thereof could be applicable to other industry segments, it is recommended that other segments carefully review these requirements in order to determine their applicability and, if necessary, to develop an applic
33、able annex identifying any segment-specific requirements. This document does not include technical requirements for products and does not include requirements for determination of fitness-for-service for a particular product. In addition, this document does not include requirements for original desi
34、gn and manufacture of product. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) appl
35、ies, except that new editions may be used on issue and shall become mandatory six (6) months from the date of the revision. API Specification Q1, Specification for Quality Management System Requirements for Manufacturing Organizations for the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry API Specification Q2,
36、Specification for Quality Management System Requirements for Service Supply Organizations for the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry 3 Terms, Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations 3.1 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in API Q2 and the follow
37、ing shall apply. When identical terms are defined in API Q2 and this document, the following definitions shall apply. 3.1.1 certification body An organization independent of the manufacturer that has demonstrated adequate competence, authority, and credibility to perform independent and objective au
38、dits of another organization in order to provide verification of the adequate qualification/competency of the audited organizations personnel and evidence that the audited organizations products satisfy applicable requirements. 1 2 PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PETROLEUM
39、AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES 3.1.2 design validation Process of proving a design by testing to demonstrate conformity of the product to design requirements. 3.1.3 design verification Process of examining the result of design and development output to determine conformity with specified requirements. N
40、OTE 1 Design verification activities can include one or more of the following (not an all-inclusive list): a) confirming the accuracy of design results through the performance of alternative calculations,b) review of design output documents independent of activities of design and development,c) comp
41、aring new designs to similar proven designs.NOTE 2 Design verification is addressed in both API Q2 and this document differently. For API Q2, “design and development verification” refers to the design of the service provided by the service provider. For this document, “design verification” occurring
42、 under product definition refers to the design of the managed product being controlled by the service provider. 3.1.4 functional specification Features, characteristics, process conditions, boundaries, and exclusions that define the performance and use requirements of a managed product, including an
43、y customer specific requirements NOTE See ISO 13879 for additional information on functional specifications. 3.1.5 legal requirement An obligation imposed on an organization, including those that are statutory or regulatory. 3.1.6 life cycle management (LCM) status One of the designations applied to
44、 a product based on availability of or access to records, traceability, usage, repair, and maintenance. 3.1.7 maintenance Action(s) taken to minimize the likelihood of causes of equipment failure and unscheduled interruptions. NOTE This is referred to in API Q2 as “preventive maintenance”. 3.1.8 man
45、aged product Equipment maintained in accordance with the requirements of this standard. 3.1.9 original equipment manufacturer OEM The organization responsible for the original design and initial manufacture, as well as for ensuring conformance to initial acceptance criteria of the managed product. 3
46、.1.10 owner The organization engaging a service provider to perform life cycle management on a managed product. API STANDARD 18LCM 3 NOTE The owner may be the equipment manufacturer or a service company for items such as rental tooling and/or equipment. For the purposes of this document, the owner m
47、ay not necessarily be the legal owner of the equipment. 3.1.11 pressure-containing Product or part whose failure to function as intended results in a release of retained fluid to the atmosphere. 3.1.12 pressure-controlling Product or part intended to control or regulate the movement of pressurized f
48、luids. 3.1.13 product specification Document that identifies the materials, design, testing, and marking requirements of the managed product. NOTE This is sometimes referred to as a “product standard”. 3.1.14 repair Action(s) performed on a nonconforming product to make it acceptable for the intende
49、d use. NOTE 1 Repair within the scope of this document includes remanufacture as defined by other API product specifications. NOTE 2 The distinction between repair and remanufacture may be further specified within API product specifications. 3.1.15 service environment External or internal conditions to which managed product is subjected throughout its life cycle. 3.1.16 service provider Organization performing life cycle management in conformance with this document. NOTE The service provider may be any organization including, but not limited to, original equipment manufacturer, ow
