1、Type Testing of Rising Stem Valves Equipped with Graphite Packing for Fugitive EmissionsAPI STANDARD 624FIRST EDITION, FEBRUARY 2014Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations
2、 should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein, or assume any liabilit
3、y or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of APIs employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.API p
4、ublications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly discl
5、aims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict.API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices
6、. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API publications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.Any manufa
7、cturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API s
8、tandard.Users of this Standard should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated,
9、 stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2014 American Petroleum In
10、stituteForewordNothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuri
11、ng anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification.Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform t
12、o the specification.This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and que
13、stions concerning the procedures under which this publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published h
14、erein should also be addressed to the director.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Departm
15、ent, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiCont
16、entsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms and Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Valve Selection and Test Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Type Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Acceptance Criteria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Leak Test Equipment and Calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Post-test Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Recording and Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 710 Valves Qualified . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 811 Valve Marking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Annex
22、 A (normative) Fugitive Emissions Test Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Annex B (informative) Suggested Valves for Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Figures1 Val
23、ve Cycling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Temperature Locations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Calibration Setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7TablesB.1 Size and Class to be Tested for Each Gate Valve Made in Accordance with API 602. . . . . . . . . . .
25、 . . . . . 11B.2 Size and Class to be Tested for Each Globe Valve Made in Accordance with API 602. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B.3 Size and Class to be Tested for Each Gate Valve Made in Accordance with API 600. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11B.4 Size and Class to be Tested for Each Gate Valve Ma
26、de in Accordance with API 603. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12B.5 Size and Class to be Tested for Each Globe Valve Made in Accordance with API 623. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12vIntroductionThe purpose of this standard is to establish a uniform procedure for the evaluation of emission performance
27、of process valves. The testing program will provide a basis for the comparison of the emissions and performance of process valves.Use of this standard assumes the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced personnel because it calls for procedures that can be
28、 injurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. This standard refers only to technical suitability and does not absolve the user from legal obligations relating to health and safety at any stage of the procedure.vi1Type Testing of Rising Stem Valves Equipped with Graphite Packing for Fug
29、itive Emissions1 ScopeThis standard specifies the requirements and acceptance criteria (100 ppmv) for fugitive emission type testing of rising and rising-rotating stem valves equipped with packing previously tested in accordance with API 622. Packing shall be suitable for use at service temperatures
30、 29 C to 538 C (20 F to 1000 F). The type testing requirements contained herein are based upon elements of EPA Method 21.Valves larger than NPS 24 or valves greater than class 1500 are outside the scope of this standard.2 Normative ReferencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for t
31、he application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.API Standard 602, Steel Gate, Globe and Check Valves for Sizes DN 100 and Smaller for the Petroleum and Natu
32、ral Gas IndustriesAPI Standard 622, Type Testing of Process Valve Packing for Fugitive EmissionsASME B16.34 1, ValvesFlanged, Threaded, and Welding EndEPA Method 21 2, Determination of Volatile Organic Compound Leaks3 Terms and DefinitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following definitions
33、apply.3.1ambient temperatureTemperature that is between 15 C to 40 C (59 F to 104 F).3.2auxiliary connection Drain(s), vent(s), or sealant injection port(s).3.3bolting torqueThe amount of twisting or turning effort (expressed as N-m, ft-lb, or in.-lb) required to tighten a threaded fastener. 3.4dyna
34、mic leak measurementMeasurement of leakage taken while the stem is traveling through an opening and closing cycle.3.5EPA Method 21A leak check method established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for performing emissions measurements on equipment such as valves, pumps, and f
35、langes.1ASME International, 3 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10016-5990, www.asme.org.2U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ariel Rios Building, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, DC 20460, www.epa.gov.2 API STANDARD 6243.6emissionsGaseous leak given off by a piece of equipment used in referenc
36、e to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and expressed in parts per million volumetric (ppmv or ppm) for methane.3.7leakageMeasurable amount of test medium escaping from the valve.3.8manufacturing facilityLocation of final assembly, inspection, and testing of the valve selected for evaluation.3.9mecha
37、nical cycleA motion of the stem that moves a valve obturator from within one turn of the fully closed position to within one turn of the fully open position and returning to within one turn of the fully closed position.3.10obturatorPart of a valve, such as a wedge, disc, or plug, which is positioned
38、 in the flow stream to permit or prevent flow.3.11PurchaserA person, group, company, agency, corporation, or designated representative responsible for valve acceptance.3.12rising stem valveValve in which the movement of the stem is in an axial direction with no rotation. 3.13rising-rotating stem val
39、veValve in which the movement of the stem is in an axial direction with rotation.3.14running torqueThe amount of torque required to move a valve stem through the packing.3.15static leak measurementMeasurement of leakage taken when the stem is not moving.3.16stemMetal rod that connects the obturator
40、of a valve to a handwheel, handle, or actuator.3.17thermal cycleA change in temperature from ambient temperature, to elevated and/or lower temperature(s), and back to ambient temperature.3.18type testingA test conducted to assess the performance of a specific valve design at prescribed temperatures
41、and pressures.TYPE TESTING OF RISING STEM VALVES EQUIPPED WITH GRAPHITE PACKING FOR FUGITIVE EMISSIONS 34 Valve Selection and Test Preparation4.1 The API 622 certificate or test report for the packing in the test valve shall be provided and attached to the API 624 fugitive emissions test report. 4.2
42、 The test valve shall be completely assembled and ready for testing. The test valve shall be randomly selected from manufacturer or distributor stock where such stock is available. For valves not in stock, the manufacturer shall certify that the test valve was not modified in any way to meet type te
43、st requirements and is a typical representation of the manufacturers stock product. Valve selection shall be approved by the purchaser.4.3 Body-bonnet and gland bolting torque shall be verified to be in accordance with published manufacturers installation specifications. 4.4 All pre-test activities
44、to the valve shall be documented on the Fugitive Emissions Test Report in Annex A. 4.5 As a safety precaution, the air in the valve cavity shall be purged with an inert gas prior to starting the testing.5 Type Testing5.1 The test medium used shall be methane 97 % minimum purity. CautionMethane used
45、during testing is a pressurized flammable gas which requires that appropriate safety measures be taken.5.1.1 Testing of valves is potentially hazardous and it is essential that the safety of personnel be given prime consideration. Given the nature of this test, hazardous release of pressurized gas c
46、ould occur. Adequate shields or barriers in the area of the test enclosure and other appropriate means for the protection of personnel shall be provided.5.1.2 The test facilities shall be designed to ensure that all the test conditions are conducted in a safe and protected environment. It is the res
47、ponsibility of the testing facility to analyze the hazards resulting from the pressure and temperatures and take proper safety precautions. All applicable safety regulations shall be complied with.5.1.3 All equipment shall have appropriate certification that verifies its suitability to withstand the
48、 minimum and maximum pressures and temperatures in the testing environment.5.1.4 Hoses or pipes used for inlet and outlet supply of methane shall be suitable for maximum pressures and temperatures. Where hoses are used, appropriately designed restraints shall be used to prevent hose detachment from
49、the test rig in the event that a blow-out occurs.5.1.5 All testing shall be in accordance with local and national codes and regulations.5.2 The stem orientation for a test valve shall be vertical. 5.3 Valves shall be subjected to a total of 310 mechanical cycles and 3 thermal cycles per Figure 1. Mechanical cycling shall begin with the valve at ambient temperature. An optional low temperature test at 29 C (20 F) may be performed if requested by the purchaser (see Figure 1). 5.4 The valve shall be heated using an internal heat source or an external heat source such as el
