1、ANSI/AIIM MS62-1999American National Standard forInformation and Image Management Recommended Practice for COMRecording Systems Having an InternalElectronic Forms Generating System Operational Practices for Inspectionand Quality ControlAn American National Standard prepared bythe Association for Inf
2、ormation and Image Management InternationalApproved as an American National StandardJuly 22, 1999Abstract:This American National Standard describes software forms used for the image quality evalua-tion of Computer Output Microfilm (COM) recorder systems. It also describes a preferredmethod of using
3、the test forms for initial COM recorder testing to establish a quality referencebaseline and for periodic testing of COM image quality that may signal the need for adjustmentor maintenance.ANSI/AIIM MS62-1999 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR COM RECORDING SYSTEMS HAVING AN INTERNAL ELECTRONICFORMS GENERATIN
4、G SYSTEM OPERATIONAL PRACTICES FOR INSPECTION AND QUALITY CONTROLASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION AND IMAGE MANAGEMENT INTERNATIONALiiContentsPart 1 Description of the Software Test Form.11 Scope .12 References.12.1 Referenced American National Standards .12.2 Other related standards23 Definitions 24 Des
5、cription of software forms 44.1 Grid layout 44.2 Border.44.3 Resolution test patterns44.4 Density measuring areas94.5 Diagonal lines .94.6 COM character legibility areas104.7 Alternate font area 104.8 Measuring scale .104.9 Title area.11Part 2 Method121 Scope .122 Outline of the method.123 Test proc
6、edure.123.1 Establishing the COM recorder imaging quality parameters 133.1.1 COM system setup133.1.2 Optimizing the exposure setting133.1.3 Establishing the optimum density133.1.4 COM reduction ratio133.1.5 COM resolving power143.1.6 Legibility control of the test form image 144 Density of first gen
7、eration microform .14ANSI/AIIM MS62-1999 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR COM RECORDING SYSTEMS HAVING AN INTERNAL ELECTRONICFORMS GENERATING SYSTEM OPERATIONAL PRACTICES FOR INSPECTION AND QUALITY CONTROLASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION AND IMAGE MANAGEMENT INTERNATIONAL iii4.1 Density test areas.144.2 Density
8、values 145 Applications155.1 Installation and maintenance testing 155.1.1 Equipment setup and tests .155.1.2 Select optimum settings155.1.3 Generate microforms 155.1.4 Record data.155.2 Routine checking 165.2.1 Generate microforms 165.2.2 Compare resulting quality .165.2.3 Adjustments or maintenance
9、 16FiguresFigure 1 Dot overlap3Figure 2 Test grid.5Figure 3 Form 1 7Figure 4 Form 2 8TablesTable 1 Acceptable density limits14Table 2 Data recording sheet17ANSI/AIIM MS62-1999 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR COM RECORDING SYSTEMS HAVING AN INTERNAL ELECTRONICFORMS GENERATING SYSTEM OPERATIONAL PRACTICES FO
10、R INSPECTION AND QUALITY CONTROLASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION AND IMAGE MANAGEMENT INTERNATIONALivForeword(This Foreword is not part of ANSI/AIIM MS62-1999 Recommended Practice for COM RecordingSystems Having an Internal Electronic Forms Generating System Operational Practices for Inspectionand Qualit
11、y Control.)As Computer Output Microfilm (COM) recording systems have evolved from the 1960s, they have gonethrough the exclusive use of hard (optical) forms initially to systems today that have either only softwareforms capability or an option of hard forms or software forms. Where systems only have
12、 software formscapability, there is a need to develop a standard for the components of a form that will test the imagequality output of such systems. The software form will provide the same kind of image quality tests as thehard forms have, as specified in ANSI/AIIM MS1-1988 and ANSI/AIIM MS28-1983.
13、 The software formsmay also complement the testing of systems that have both hard forms capability and soft forms capabil-ity.The software test form exists as a bit map within the electronics of the page formatting section of the COMrecorder systems, whereas the hard form is an actual picture on a s
14、ubstrate such as glass or paper. Theother primary difference between the soft form and the hard form is in the fineness of detail that may bedesigned into the form. For example, in the case of the hard form, a resolution chart can be presentedhaving any desired resolution pattern that is limited onl
15、y by the photographic or fabrication methods usedto create the forms patterns. The software form is limited by the smallest dot, or pixel, size that the re-corder is capable of producing. All images on the form are built from these basic dots so that the smallestimaging unit possible is a single dot
16、. The thinnest line or space must be a single dot wide. The dot itself isgenerally larger than the allowable dot-to-dot center spacing so that consecutive dots are smoothed to-gether, giving the appearance of a line segment (see Figure 1). Consequently, it may not always be possi-ble, in using a res
17、olution test pattern, to resolve the finest element of the pattern that is made of single dotlines and spaces. The single dot space between a pair of lines will be partially filled in as a result of thedot-size-to-dot-separation ratio. It also puts limitations on the construction of some characters
18、such asJapanese Kanji characters where lines and spaces are frequently only a dot wide. The test form describedhere is designed to test for this characteristic limitation and other quality requirements.This American National Standard consists of two parts. Part 1 describes the location and design of
19、 all thecomponents (legibility fonts, resolution test patterns, density areas, etc.) of a software form for use intesting the image quality output of COM recorder systems. Two test forms are described for COM sys-tems generating images on microforms by dot addressing methods. One of the software tes
20、t forms is forsystems having limited memory capability and is identified as Form 1 in this American National Standard.The other form is for systems having greater memory capability and is identified as Form 2. Form 1 andForm 2 are shown in Part 1 of this American National Standard in Figures 3 and 4
21、. The test forms havebeen designed so that they can be used to evaluate recorded images from any type of microfilm recorder,such as cathode ray tube (CRT), laser scanner, light emitting diode (LED), etc.Part 2 of this document describes the preferred method for using the test form described in Part
22、1. Theprimary uses of the forms are to establish a baseline for image quality for a new COM recorder systemand to use that baseline for future reference to detect any variation in quality that may occur with time anduse that may signal the need for adjustment or maintenance. The test form may also b
23、e incorporated incustomer job software that, for example, images the form at the beginning and the end of a job to assurethat acceptable quality is being achieved.Suggestions for improving this American National Standard are welcome. They should be sent to theChair, AIIM Standards Board, Association
24、 for Information and Image Management, 1100 Wayne Avenue,Silver Spring, Maryland, 20910-5603.ANSI/AIIM MS62-1999 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR COM RECORDING SYSTEMS HAVING AN INTERNAL ELECTRONICFORMS GENERATING SYSTEM OPERATIONAL PRACTICES FOR INSPECTION AND QUALITY CONTROLASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION AND
25、 IMAGE MANAGEMENT INTERNATIONAL vWhen it approved this American National Standard, the AIIM Standards Board had the following mem-bers:Name ofrepresentativeOrganization representedMarilyn Wright, Chair AIIM InternationalRobert Breslawski Eastman Kodak CompanyJewel Drass Bell and for negative-appeari
26、ng images, measure the minimumdensity on the density patch also corresponding to all dots on. Also, record the density of the area corre-sponding to all dots off. Record the data on a data sheet (see Table 2), for future reference in periodicchecking of the COM recorder for image quality changes.3.1
27、.4 COM reduction ratioThe actual reduction ratio of the COM recorded image can be checked by using the measuring scales thatare provided on Form 2 at the bottom and left side of the frame. As stated in Part 1 of this American Na-tional Standard, the scales are made to be equivalent to 8 in (203.2 mm
28、) at full size. Therefore, comparingthe actual size measured on film with the equivalent full size value will give the reduction ratio.The distance separating the border lines on Form 1 may be used to determine the reduction ratio. Asstated in Part 1, 4.8, of this American National Standard, the dis
29、tance between the vertical lines of theborder at full size is 13.4 in (340.36 mm), and the distance between the two horizontal lines is 11.00 in(279.40 mm). Measuring the equivalent distances on the microform image and comparing them to thesefull size values will provide the reduction ratio.Measurem
30、ent of the reduction ratio can be accurately done by using a traveling microscope or a micro-scope with an X-Y axis measuring capability. Measure the lengths of both the horizontal scale and thevertical scale. The vertical and horizontal reduction ratios may be different for different types of recor
31、ders.This measurement is not possible to do on a microfiche reader without some calibration marks being de-termined and added to the screen since readers do not enlarge the image accurately to 100 % of full size.The reduction ratio is generally fixed in a COM system by the lenses and does not vary e
32、xcept when thelenses are changed. Hence this test is useful only in determining whether the specification for reductionANSI/AIIM MS62-1999 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR COM RECORDING SYSTEMS HAVING AN INTERNAL ELECTRONICFORMS GENERATING SYSTEM OPERATIONAL PRACTICES FOR INSPECTION AND QUALITY CONTROLASSOC
33、IATION FOR INFORMATION AND IMAGE MANAGEMENT INTERNATIONAL14ratio is being met or verified if in question. Typically the reduction ratio should be within 1% of the statedvalue, but the COM system manufacturers specifications should be consulted.3.1.5 COM resolving powerThe resolution patterns at the
34、four corners and in the center of Form 2 and the upper left and right cornersof Form 1 are used to determine the resolving power obtained on the microform and to check the focusquality of the image. The resolving power is determined by the smallest or finest resolution test patternthat has an observ
35、able line pattern when viewed with a microscope having a minimum magnification equalto the reduction ratio used for the microform images. If a microscope is not available, a reader may beused to obtain an approximate value for limiting resolution. The reader itself will contribute to the degrada-tio
36、n of the resolution because of its possible poor image quality and the fact that the blow back size isgenerally less than full size. It should be possible to read the resolution test pattern identified in Part 1 aselement B. The actual resolution can be determined as described in Part 1, 4.3.3.1.6 L
37、egibility control of the test form imageCheck the quality of the characters located in the alternate font area. In routine work, the overall areashould be easily legible. The characters located in this area are a sample of standard characters recom-mended for use in making standard (or working) test
38、 targets or special fonts or script selected by the user.4 Density of first generation microformProduce images of the test target on film and make density measurements on these images as follows.4.1 Density test areasThere are two areas used for the measurement of density. The square area on the rig
39、ht side of the testslide is used to measure the maximum density when positive-appearing film is used or to measure theminimum density when negative-appearing film is used. In addition, the center square density area is usedto measure the minimum (base-plus-fog) density for positive-appearing film an
40、d the maximum density fornegative-appearing film.The halftone screen area (square density area on the left) is used principally to monitor the consistency ofexposure and processing.4.2 Density valuesTable 1 gives recommended visual diffuse transmission density measured on a densitometer that hasspec
41、tral conformance to ANSI/NAPM IT2.18 (ISO 5-3) and geometric conformance to ANSI/NAPM IT2.19,or Status M Blue density values.Table 1 Acceptable density limitsFilm type Image MinimumDmaxMaximumDminMinimumdensitydifferenceSilver gelatin Positiveappearing0.7510.1520.6ANSI/AIIM MS62-1999 RECOMMENDED PRA
42、CTICE FOR COM RECORDING SYSTEMS HAVING AN INTERNAL ELECTRONICFORMS GENERATING SYSTEM OPERATIONAL PRACTICES FOR INSPECTION AND QUALITY CONTROLASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION AND IMAGE MANAGEMENT INTERNATIONAL 15Silver gelatin Negativeappearing1.5030.20plus base41.3Thermally processed silver5Positiveappea
43、ring1.0010.40plus base60.607NOTES:1. Character or line density;2. Alternate limit for Dmin is the density of the uncoated base plus 0.10;3. Preferred limit is 1.80;4. Character or line density where the limit is the density of the uncoated base plus 0.20. A maxi-mum density of 0.15 plus base is pref
44、erable;5. Density values are Status M Blue measurements;6. Character or line density where the limit is the density of the uncoated base plus 0.40;7. Preferred limit is 0.80.5 ApplicationsThe following checks shall be performed: installation and maintenance testing; routine checking.5.1 Installation
45、 and maintenance testing5.1.1 Equipment setup and testsPerform all the tests described under Part 2, clause 3, using fresh film and fresh chemical solutions (un-less dry processed) and having machine parameters such as temperature within specification.5.1.2 Select optimum settingsDetermine the optim
46、um COM recorder system settings as described in Part 2, clause 3, and record them.5.1.3 Generate microformsAdjust the COM recorder to the optimum settings and generate a microfiche (or its microfilm equivalent)that is completely filled with images of the test form.5.1.4 Record dataRecord the densiti
47、es obtained from the density test areas, comments on the font samples that producethe most legibility, the resolution test element that is just resolvable, and the effective reduction ratio used.See Table 2 as an example of a data recording sheet. A sample microfiche should also be filed with thedat
48、a sheet.ANSI/AIIM MS62-1999 RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR COM RECORDING SYSTEMS HAVING AN INTERNAL ELECTRONICFORMS GENERATING SYSTEM OPERATIONAL PRACTICES FOR INSPECTION AND QUALITY CONTROLASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION AND IMAGE MANAGEMENT INTERNATIONAL165.2 Routine checkingThe routine checking test can be
49、 performed periodically as part of the regular maintenance procedure orat any time when the image quality is questioned.5.2.1 Generate microformsGenerate a complete microfiche (or its microfilm equivalent) and duplicates if required by the usersapplication with images of test Form 1 or Form 2 using the same exposure and processing conditionsthat were recorded during the testing done in Part 2, 5.1.5.2.2 Compare resulting qualityCheck that the results obtained are identical to those recorded for the reference microform obtained inPart
