1、Printed in U.S.A.A SS EAMERICAN SOCIETY OFSAFETY ENGINEERSAMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDANSI/ASSE A10.7 2011ANSI/ASSE A10.7 2011ANSI/ASSE A10.7 2011Safety Requirements forTransportation, Storage, Handling and Use of Commercial Explosives and Blasting AgentsAmerican National Standardfor Construction and
2、Demolition OperationsThe information and materials contained in this publication have been developed from sources believed to be reliable. However, the American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) as secretariat of the ANSI accredited A10 Committee or individual committee members accept no legal resp
3、onsibility for the correctness or completeness of this material or its application to specific factual situations. By publication of this standard, ASSE or the A10 Committee does not ensure that adherence to these recommendations will protect the safety or health of any persons, or preserve property
4、. ANSI ANSI/ASSE A10.7 2011 American National Standard Construction and Demolition Operations Safety Requirements for Transportation, Storage, Handling and Use of Commercial Explosives and Blasting Agents Secretariat American Society of Safety Engineers 1800 East Oakton Street Des Plaines, Illinois
5、60018-2187 Approved: August 8, 2011 Effective: December 12, 2011 American National Standards Institute, Inc. Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards develo
6、per. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all vi
7、ews and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he/she has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, pur
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9、sue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretation should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. Caution Notice: This American National Standard may be
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11、he American National Standards Institute. Published September, 2011 by: American Society of Safety Engineers 1800 East Oakton Street Des Plaines, Illinois 60018-2187 (847) 699-2929 www.asse.org Copyright 2011 by the American Society of Safety Engineers All Rights Reserved. No part of this publicatio
12、n may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America American National Standard Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of American National Standard A10.7-2011.) This standard is
13、 one of a series of safety standards that have been formulated by the Accredited Standards Committee on Safety in Construction and Demolition Operations, A10. It is expected that the standards in the A10 series will find a major application in industry, serving as a guide to contractors, labor, and
14、equipment manufacturers. For the convenience of users, a list of existing and proposed standards in the A10 series for Safety Requirements in Construction and Demolition Operations follows. A10.1 Pre-Project/Pre-Task Safety Approval. Sanctioned, endorsed, accredited, certified, or accepted as satisf
15、actory by an authority having jurisdiction. 3.4 Authorized; Authorization. Approved or assigned by the employer to perform a specific type of duty or duties or to be at a specific location or locations at the jobsite. 3.5 Authority Having Jurisdiction. The governmental agency, office or individ-ual
16、responsible for approving equipment, an installation or a procedure. 3.6 Barrier. A material object that separates, keeps apart or demarcates in a conspicuous manner such as cones, a warning sign or tape. 3.7 Blast Area. The area in which concussion (shock wave), flying material or gases from an exp
17、losion may cause injury to persons. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.7-2011 13 3.8 Blast Preparation. Drilling, hole inspection, loading explosive charges, installing systems for initiation and confinement of the blast. 3.9 Blast Site. The area where explosive materials are handled during the loading
18、of a borehole, including 50 feet (15.2m) in all directions from the perimeter formed by loaded holes. A minimum of 30 feet (9.1m) may replace the 50 feet (15.2m) requirement if the perimeter for loaded holes is marked and separated from non-blast site areas by a barrier. The 50 feet (15.2m) or 30 fe
19、et (9.1m) distance require-ments, as applicable, shall apply in all directions along the full depth of the borehole. In underground operations, at least 15 feet (4.6m) of a solid rib, pillar or broken rock can be substituted for the 50 foot (15.2m) distance. 3.10 Blaster. A qualified individual who
20、assists with the design, loading and firing of a blast. May or may not be licensed according to local regulations. May be synonymous with Shot Firer. 3.11 Blaster-in-Charge. The blaster who is in charge of and responsible for the design, loading and firing of a blast at a specific job site. 3.12 Bla
21、sting Agent. An explosive material that meets prescribed criteria for insensitivity to initiation. For storage, CFR Title 27, Part 555, of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives of the Department of the Justice defines a blasting agent as any material or mixture, consisting of fuel
22、and oxidizer, intended for blasting but not otherwise defined as an explosive. This assumes that the finished product, as mixed for use or shipment, cannot be detonated by means of a No. 8 test blasting cap when unconfined. For transportation, CFR Title 49, Part 173.50, defines Class 1, Division 1.5
23、 material (blasting agent) as a substance which has mass explosion hazard, but is so insensitive that there is very little probability of initiation or of transition from burning to detonation under normal conditions in transport. 3.13 Blasting Cap. See Detonator. 3.14 Bulk-Mix Delivery Equipment. E
24、quipment (usually a motor vehicle with or without mechanical delivery device) that transports explosive materials in bulk form for mixing, or for loading directly into blast holes, or both. 3.15 Bullet-Resistant Construction. Magazine walls or doors of construction that are resistant to penetration
25、by a bullet of 150-grain M2 ball ammunition of nominal muzzle velocity 2,700 feet per second (840m/s), fired from a .30 caliber rifle at a right angle to the wall or door, from a distance of 100 feet (31m). When a magazine ceiling or roof is required to be bullet-resistant, the ceiling or roof shall
26、 be constructed of materials comparable to the side walls or of other materials that will withstand penetration when the bullet described above is fired at an angle of 45 degrees to the surface. Tests to determine bullet-resistance shall be conducted on test panels or empty magazines that will resis
27、t penetration of 5 out of 5 shots placed independently of each other in an area at least 3 feet by 3 feet (0.9m x 0.9m). Examples of construction that meet this definition are given in 6.5.1. 3.16 Bullet-Sensitive Explosive Ma-terial. Explosive material that can be detonated by 150-grain M2 ball amm
28、unition of nominal muzzle velocity 2,700 feet per second (840m/s), fired from a .30 caliber rifle from a distance of 100 feet (31m) when the test material, at 70 to 75 Fahrenheit (21.1 to 23.9 Celsius), is placed against a backing material of half-inch (1.77cm) steel plate. 3.17 Connecting Wire. Wir
29、e used to extend the firing line or leg wires in an electric blasting circuit. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.7-2011 14 3.18 Conveyance. Any unit for transporting explosives or blasting agents including, but not limited to, trucks, trailers, rail cars, barges and ships. 3.19 Deflagration. An explosi
30、ve reac-tion such as a rapid combustion that moves through an explosive material at a velocity less than the speed of sound in the material. 3.20 Detonating Cord. A flexible cord, containing a center core of high explosive that can be used to initiate other explosives. 3.21 Detonator. Any device con
31、taining any initiating or primary explosive that is used for initiating detonation. A detonator may not contain more than 10 grams of total explosives by weight, excluding ignition or delay charges. The term includes, but is not limited to, electric blasting caps of instantaneous and delay types, el
32、ectronic detonators, blasting caps for use with safety fuses, detonating-cord delay connectors and nonelectric instantaneous and delay blasting caps that use detonating cord, shock tube or any other replacement for electric leg-wires. 3.22 Donor. An exploding charge producing an impulse that impinge
33、s upon an “acceptor“ charge. 3.23 Electric Detonator. A detonator designed for, and capable of, initiation by means of an electric current. 3.24 Electronic Detonator. A detona-tor that utilizes stored electrical energy as a means of powering an electronic timing delay element/module and that provide
34、s initiation energy for firing the base charge. Electronic detonators differ from other detonators by utilizing an Integrated Circuit (IC) or an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) to provide millisecond precise timing as well as a level of communication and control over the firing circui
35、t. Unlike an electric detonator, the igniter or firing device inside an electronic detonator is physically separated from the leads by a circuit board or electronic assembly. See IME SLP-17 for more information on the differences between electric and electronic detonators. 3.25 Emulsion Explosive. A
36、n explo-sive material containing substantial amounts of oxidizers dissolved in water droplets surrounded by an immiscible fuel or droplets of an immiscible fuel surrounded by water containing substantial amounts of oxidizer. 3.26 Explosive Materials. These include explosives, blasting agents and det
37、onators. The term includes, but is not limited to, dynamite and other high explosives; slurries, emulsions and water gels; black powder and pellet powder; initiating explosives; detonators (blasting caps); safety fuses; squibs; detonating cords; igniter cords and igniters. A list of explosive materi
38、als determined to be within the coverage of 18 U.S.C. Chapter 40, “Importation, Manufacture, Distribution and Storage of Explosive Materials,” is issued at least annually by the Director of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives of the Department of Justice. The U.S. Department of T
39、ransportation classification of explosive materials used in commercial blasting operations is not identical to the statutory definitions of the Organized Crime Control Act of 1970, Title 18 U.S.C., Section 841. To achieve uniformity in transportation, the definitions of the U.S. Department of Transp
40、ortation in CFR Title 49, Parts 1-999 subdivide these materials as shown in the following table: AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.7-2011 15 Table 1 - U.S. Department of Transportation Definitions DIVISION 1.1 Mass exploding (Class A explosives) DIVISION 1.2 Projection Hazard (Class A or Class B explos
41、ives) DIVISION 1.3 Fire hazard, minor blast or projection hazard (Class B explosives) DIVISION 1.4 Minor explosion hazard - not mass detonating (Class C explosives) DIVISION 1.5 Insensitive explosives. Very little probability of initiation or transition from burning to detonation during transport. (
42、Blasting Agents) 3.27 Explosives. Any chemical com-pound, mixture or device, the primary or common purpose of which is to function by explosion. 3.28 Fire Extinguisher Rating. A rating, set forth in NFPA 10, Portable Fire Extinguishers, which may be identified on an extinguisher by a number indicati
43、ng relative effectiveness (for example, 5, 20 or 70), followed by a letter indicating the class or classes of fires for which the extinguisher has been found to be effective (for example, A, B or C). 3.29 Fire Resistant. Construction designed to provide reasonable protection against fire. (For exter
44、ior walls of magazines constructed of wood, this shall mean fire resistance equivalency provided by sheet metal or not less than 26 gauge.) 3.30 Fuse Lighter. Pyrotechnic device for rapid and certain lighting of safety fuse. 3.31 Hardwood. Any close-grained wood, such as red oak, white oak, hard map
45、le, ash or hickory that is free from loose knots, wind shake or similar defects. 3.32 High Explosives. Explosives that are characterized by a very high rate of reaction, high-pressure development and the presence of a detonation wave in the explosions. 3.33 Highway. Any road, street or way, whether
46、on public or private property, open to public travel. “open to public travel“ means that the road section is available, except during scheduled periods, extreme weather or emergency conditions, passable by four-wheel standard passenger cars and open to the general public for use without restrictive
47、gates, prohibitive signs or regulation other than restrictions based on size, weight or class of registration. Toll plazas of public toll roads are not considered restrictive gates. See also ATF ruling 2005-2. 3.34 Inhabited Building. A building regularly occupied, in whole or in part, as a habitati
48、on for human beings; or any church, schoolhouse, railroad station, store or other structure where people are accustomed to assemble, except any building or structure occupied in connection with the manu-facture, transportation, storage or use of explosive materials. 3.35 Issuing Authority. The gover
49、n-mental agency, office or official vested with the authority to issue permits or licenses. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.7-2011 16 3.36 Leading (Lead) Lines or Wire. The wire(s) connecting the electrical power source with the circuit containing electric or electronic detonators, also called firing line. 3.37 Low Explosives. Explosives that are characterized by deflagration, or a low rate of reaction, and the development of low pressures. 3.38 Magazine. Any structure, con-tainer or building, other than a building in which explosives are manufactured, that is approved for
