1、Designation: D3567 97 (Reapproved 2011) An American National StandardStandard Practice forDetermining Dimensions of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and Fittings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3567; the number immediately following the designation
2、indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencie
3、s of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the determination of outsidediameter, inside diameter, total wall thickness, reinforced wallthickness, liner thickness (where applicable), and length di-mensions of “fiberglass” (glass-fiber-reinforced thermosettingresin) pipe. Inc
4、luded are procedures for measuring tapereddimensions and taper angles for pipe intended to be joined bytapered socket fittings, and procedures for gaging internal andexternal threads.1.2 This practice also includes procedures for determiningdimensions for fiberglass pipe fittings.1.3 The values stat
5、ed in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are forinformation only.NOTE 1There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility o
6、f whoever uses this standard to consult andestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4166 Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Non-magnetic Materials by Means of a Digit
7、al MagneticIntensity Instrument (Withdrawn 2008)32.2 ANSI Standard:B 2.1 Pipe Threads (Except Dryseal)42.3 API Standard:API 5B Threading, Gaging, and Thread Inspection ofCasing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Threads53. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 deviation from straig
8、htness the maximum deviationfrom a straight line exhibited by a pipe specimen divided by thelength of the specimen.3.1.2 fiberglass pipea tubular product containing glass-fiber reinforcements embedded in or surrounded by curedthermosetting resin; the composite structure may containaggregate, granula
9、r, or platelet fillers, thixotropic agents,pigments, or dyes; thermoplastic or thermosetting liners orcoatings may be included.3.1.3 laying length of fittingsthe actual increase in thelength of a line afforded by the fitting when installed.3.1.4 liner and exterior surface layer thicknessesthe innera
10、nd outer portions of the wall used to enhance chemical andwater resistance; they may have a different composition thanthe reinforced wall and the thicknesses of these internal andexternal surfaces may be measured when their boundary limitsare visually indentifiable and if they are each at least 0.00
11、5 in.(0.10 mm) in thickness.3.1.5 reinforced thermosetting resin pipe (RTRP)a fiber-glass pipe without aggregate.3.1.6 reinforced wall thicknessthe total wall thicknessminus the liner or exterior surface layer thickness, or both.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice provides for determining the p
12、hysicaldimensions of fiberglass pipe and fittings. This practice is1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on Reinforced Plastic PipingSystems and Chemical Equipment.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Publis
13、hed March 2012. Originallyapproved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D3567 97(2006).DOI: 10.1520/D3567-97R11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,
14、 refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5Available from American
15、 Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW,Washington, DC 20005-4070, http:/api-ec.api.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1suitable for determination of
16、 dimensional compliance withproduct specifications.5. Conditioning5.1 Test conditions for measurements shall be in accordancewith appropriate product specification(s).6. Total Wall ThicknessPipe and Fittings6.1 ApparatusCalipers, optical comparators described inSection 7, ultrasonic thickness meters
17、, or other gages such asthe digital magnetic intensity instrument described by TestMethod D4166, with graduations of 0.01 in. (0.025 mm) or lessthat produces a thickness measuring accuracy of within 5 %,may be used for measuring thicknesses of 0.20 in. (5.1 mm) orgreater. For thicknesses less than t
18、he above, use a micrometeror other gage with graduations of 0.001 in. (0.025 mm) and anaccuracy of within 5 %. Use a cylindrical tubing micrometer orspherical anvil micrometer with a radius end where thediameter of the pipe is small and a measuring error of 5 % orless would be exceeded without its u
19、se.6.2 ProcedureMake a series of at least four readings atrandom selected locations, approximately equally spacedaround the circumference. The location of the measurementsshould be taken some distance in from the pipe ends if the endthickness would be expected to be greater than other regions ofthe
20、pipe.NOTE 2Take care to ensure that the measurements are not made ateither a tapered or belled pipe end.NOTE 3Take care to avoid misalignment of the anvil with thelongitudinal axis of the specimen when using cylindrical anvil microm-eters that may bridge specimen surface curvature or indentations an
21、d givefalsely high readings.6.3 CalculationCalculate the average total wall thicknessof the four or more thicknesses taken.6.4 ReportThe report shall include the following:6.4.1 Observed minimum and maximum wall thickness, and6.4.2 Calculated average total wall thickness.7. Reinforced Wall Thickness
22、 and Liner ThicknessesPipe and Fittings7.1 SamplingWhen performed on finished pipe or fittings,this procedure will usually destroy or damage the part. Whenthis procedure is to be used for quality control or sampling, itis intended for use on samples taken from the excess of thefabrication, such as t
23、he ends of pipe or fittings, or both. If theprocedure requires destructively testing the pipe or fittings, therequirements shall be agreed upon between the buyer and theseller.7.2 ApparatusAn optical scale comparator witha7to10X magnification and having a reticle graduated as follows:7.2.1 For produ
24、cts with liner measurements less than 0.050in. (1.27 mm): 0.001-in. (0.025-mm) divisions or not more than10 % of liner thickness, whichever is smaller.7.2.2 For products with liner measurements 0.050 in. (1.27mm) or larger: 0.005-in. (0.13-mm) divisions or smaller.7.3 Procedure:7.3.1 Surface Prepara
25、tionAt the desired cross section ofthe pipe or fitting, make a sawcut at right angles to the insidesurface. Remove burrs and sand the cut surface smooth, using200-grit (or finer) sandpaper. Thoroughly wash the sandedsurface with clean water to remove resin and glass dust, thenblot dry.7.3.2 Reinforc
26、ed Wall and Liner ThicknessMeasure thecut surface of the pipe or fitting by setting a major scaledivision of the reticle at the apparent interface between theliner and reinforced wall. Make 6 measurements 60 apart asfollows:7.3.2.1 Read toward the outer surface of the pipe or fittingwall and observe
27、 the reinforced wall thickness.7.3.2.2 Read toward the inner surface of the pipe or fittingwall and observe the liner thickness.7.3.3 Surface Layer ThicknessIf the product specificationrequires surface layer measurement, set a major scale divisionat the apparent interface between the coating and the
28、 reinforcedwall. Make 6 measurements 60 apart by reading toward theouter surface of the pipe or fitting and observing the surfacelayer thickness.7.3.4 Nonreinforced Layers, within the reinforced wall orcombination reinforcement layers. If the product involvesunreinforced layers or multiple reinforce
29、ment layers of differ-ent types, the amount and type of measurements shall beagreed upon between the buyer and the seller.7.3.4.1 The thickness of these layers shall be determined bysetting a major scale division of the reticle at the apparentinterface and reading toward the next apparent interface.
30、 Make6 measurements 60 apart.7.4 CalculationsCalculate the average reinforced wallthickness and liner thickness by averaging the values obtained.7.5 ReportThe report shall include the following:7.5.1 Observed minimum and maximum reinforced wallthickness,7.5.2 Calculated average reinforced wall thick
31、ness,7.5.3 Observed minimum and maximum liner thickness,7.5.4 Calculated average liner thickness, and7.5.5 Observations of exterior surface layer, nonreinforcedlayers, or other reinforced layer measurements within thereinforced wall when measured.8. Average Outside Diameter MeasurementsNOTE 4The nee
32、d for measurements and the location of the measure-ments should be evaluated since the outside surface of the pipe may notbe smooth. Uneven surfaces or burrs will influence the accuracy of theoutside diameter measurements.8.1 ApparatusAcircumferential vernier wrap tape shall beused to determine the
33、average outside diameter. The tapeshould be accurate to within 6 0.02 in. (6 0.4 mm) on thecircumference measured.8.2 ProcedureIndividually measure and record the outsidediameter end-sealing surfaces or special OD control surfaces.Make the OD measurements near each end and at threeintermediate locat
34、ions. Take the OD measurement by placingthe circumferential wrap tape around the pipe, making sure it isat right angles to the pipe axis. Average all five readings.8.2.1 Calculate the diameter as follows:D 5 COD/ (1)D3567 97 (2011)2where:COD= average of the readings.NOTE 5For larger diameter piping,
35、 the weight of the piping may causesignificant distortion. Take care in measurement and evaluation of thesignificance of this measurement. If significant product distortion due toweight occurs, the pipe may be measured when in the vertical position.Alternatively, the diameter may be measured as a re
36、ference from themandril from which the pipe was made as follows:d 5 CM/12 3wall thickness! (2)where:CM= outside circumference of the mandril, in. (mm) and the wallthickness is as described in 6.3. The measurement intervals areas described in 8.2.8.3 ReportWhen outside diameter measurements areapprop
37、riate, the report shall include the minimum, maximum,and average outside diameter.9. Out-of-Round Measurements9.1 ApparatusAcaliper, micrometer, or similar instrumentcapable of measuring the OD within 6 0.25 % of nominal shallbe used.9.2 ProcedureUsing a micrometer or vernier calipers, takea series
38、of outside diameter measurements at intervals spacedas in 8.2. Determine the maximum and minimum diameter bythree measurements 120 apart at each interval.NOTE 6For large diameter piping, the weight of the piping may causesignificant distortion. Take care in measurement and evaluation of thesignifica
39、nce of this measurement. If significant product distortion due toweight occurs, the pipe may be measured when in the vertical position.Alternatively, with the pipe in a horizontal position, measure the pipediameter both vertically and horizontally and then remeasured afterrotating the pipe 45. Calcu
40、late the difference between the horizontal andvertical measurements in each case. The difference will be the averageout-of-roundness. The measurement intervals are as described in 9.2.9.3 CalculationsCalculate out-of-roundness as follows:9.3.1 Subtract the minimum outside diameter from theaverage ou
41、tside diameter and subtract the average outsidediameter from the maximum.9.4 ReportThe report shall include the following:9.4.1 The average plus tolerance (maximum outside diam-eter average outside diameter), and9.4.2 The average negative tolerance (average outside di-ameter minimum outside diameter
42、).10. Inside Diameter10.1 Calculate the average inside diameter as follows:d 5 D 2 2ta(3)where:d = average inside diameter, in.,D = average outside diameter, in., as determined in Section8, andta= average total wall thickness, in., as determined inSection 6.11. Pipe Taper Angle Measurement11.1 Appar
43、atusDepending on requirements and availabil-ity of equipment, the following apparatus may be used:11.1.1 For Procedure A:11.1.1.1 Telescoping Sleeve Gage, for checking confor-mance to a taper angle tolerance, accurate within6 0.001 in.(0.025 mm). For a given pipe size and tolerance specification,the
44、 inside diameter of the outer sleeve shall be 0.020 in. (0.51mm) below the minimum outside diameter of the pipe undertest. The inside diameter of the inner sleeve shall be such thatwhen both sleeves are in place on the taper, the taper angle maybe calculated by measuring the spacing between the slee
45、vesand relating the relative inside diameter differences of thesleeves.11.1.2 For Procedure B:11.1.2.1 Vernier Calipers, accurate to within 0.001 in.(0.025 mm). These may also be used by comparing actualdifferences in diameter at specific distances on the taper.11.2 Procedure:11.2.1 Procedure ASeat
46、the inner sleeve on the end of thetaper to ensure that it is parallel and concentric with the pipe.Then slide the outer sleeve forward as far as it will go. Measurethe distance between the two sleeves and calculate the taperangle accordingly.11.2.2 Procedure BScribe two circumferential marks onthe t
47、aper as far apart as possible, but at least14 in. (6 mm) fromthe small end of the taper. Measure the exact distance betweenthese marks within 0.01 in. (0.25 mm). Using calipers, measurethe actual outside diameter at each of the scribe marks. Makefour measurements 45 apart.11.3 CalculationsUsing the
48、actual diameters at the pointsmeasured and the distances between the points, calculate thetaper angle, a, as follows:Sin a 5 D22 D1!/2#/L (4)where:D2= large diameter observed,D1= smaller diameter observed, andL = distance between the two diameters measured alongthe tapers.NOTE 7When measuring the di
49、stance between sleeve gages, use thetangent instead of the sine, but at angles less than 5 this difference is notsignificant.11.4 ReportThe report shall include the following:11.4.1 Apparatus used,11.4.2 Average D1,11.4.3 Average D2,11.4.4 The value of L, and11.4.5 Taper angle as calculated in 11.3, in terms of degreesto the nearest 0.1.12. Length of Pipe12.1 ApparatusA steel tape, with116-in. (1-mm) or finergraduations.12.2 ProcedureLay the pipe specimen on a flat surfaceand in a straight line. Observe the length within t
