1、Designation: F1551 09 An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forComprehensive Characterization of Synthetic Turf PlayingSurfaces and Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1551; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoptio
2、n or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods establish a recommended list fromwhich suitable test met
3、hods shall be selected for the identifi-cation of physical property characteristics and comparison ofthe performance properties of synthetic turf systems or com-ponents for athletic and recreational uses, or both.1.2 Some of the test procedures are suitable only for thelaboratory characterization of
4、 either components or the com-plete system; others are suitable for tests on installed sportsfields; and some tests may be applied in both the laboratory andthe field.1.3 The test procedures included in these test methods applyas a group to the description of synthetic turf playing surfaces.1.4 Some
5、 of the test procedures are specific for componentsof the synthetic turf system, and others apply to the completesynthetic turf playing surface.1.5 Reference to the methods for testing the synthetic turfplaying surface and its components contained herein shouldstate specifically the particular test
6、or tests desired and notnecessarily refer to these test methods as a whole.1.6 This is a physical property characterization standard,and it shall not be construed as a safety standard.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informa
7、tiononly.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Ref
8、erenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:22.1.1 Pile Fiber:D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD1577 Test Methods for Linear Density of Textile FibersD1907 Test Method for Linear Density of Yarn (Yarn Num-ber) by the Skein MethodD2256 Test Met
9、hod for Tensile Properties of Yarns by theSingle-Strand MethodD3218 Specification for Polyolefin MonofilamentsD7138 Test Method to Determine Melting Temperature ofSynthetic Fibers2.1.2 Fabric:D1335 Test Method for Tuft Bind of Pile Yarn FloorCoveringsD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Texti
10、lesD2859 Test Method for Ignition Characteristics of FinishedTextile Floor Covering MaterialsD4158 Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics(Uniform Abrasion)D5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics (Grab Test)D5251 (Withdrawn 2014)3D5793 Test Method for Bindin
11、g Sites per Unit Length orWidth of Pile Yarn Floor CoveringsD5823 Test Method for Tuft Height of Pile Floor CoveringsD5848 Test Method for Mass Per Unit Area of Pile YarnFloor CoveringsE648 Test Method for Critical Radiant Flux of Floor-Covering Systems Using a Radiant Heat Energy SourceF1015 Test M
12、ethod for Relative Abrasiveness of SyntheticTurf Playing Surfaces1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 onSports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and are the direct responsibilityof Subcommittee F08.65 on Artificial Turf Surfaces and Systems.Current edition a
13、pproved July 1, 2009. Published August 2009. Originallyapproved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F1551 03. DOI:10.1520/F1551-09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards
14、 volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.1.3 Shock Absor
15、bing Cushion Underlayment:D395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompression SetD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionD624 Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vul-canized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersD1667 Specification for Flexible Cellular Materi
16、alsPoly(Vinyl Chloride) Foam (Closed-Cell)D1876 Test Method for Peel Resistance of Adhesives (T-Peel Test)D2126 Test Method for Response of Rigid Cellular Plasticsto Thermal and Humid AgingD3574 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular MaterialsSlab,Bonded, and Molded Urethane FoamsD3575 Test Methods for
17、Flexible Cellular Materials MadeFrom Olefin PolymersD3936 Test Method for Resistance to Delamination of theSecondary Backing of Pile Yarn Floor CoveringF355 Test Method for ImpactAttenuation of Playing SurfaceSystems and Materials2.1.4 Turf Systems:D1667 Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials
18、Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Foam (Closed-Cell)F355 Test Method for ImpactAttenuation of Playing SurfaceSystems and MaterialsF1015 Test Method for Relative Abrasiveness of SyntheticTurf Playing SurfacesF1936 Specification for Impact Attenuation of Turf PlayingSystems as Measured in the FieldF2117 Test Metho
19、d for Vertical Rebound Characteristics ofSports Surface/Ball Systems; Acoustical MeasurementF2333 Test Method for Traction Characteristics of the Ath-letic ShoeSports Surface Interface2.1.4 Infill Materials:D5644 Test Methods for Rubber Compounding MaterialsDetermination of Particle Size Distributio
20、n of RecycledVulcanizate Particulate RubberF1632 Test Method for Particle Size Analysis and SandShape Grading of Golf Course Putting Green and SportsField Rootzone Mixes2.2 Other Standards:AT-030 Sports Shoe TractionNOTE 1AstroTurf Industries internal test procedure is suitable as abasis for new AST
21、M test methods.DIN 18-035 Part 6Water Permeability of Synthetic TurfSystems and Permeable BasesEN 12234 Surfaces for SportsAreas Determination of BallRollEN 12616 Surfaces for Sports Areas Determination ofInfiltration RateEN 14808 Surfaces for Sports Areas- Determination ofForce ReductionEN 14809 Su
22、rfaces for Sports Areas Determination ofVertical DeformationprEN 15301-1 Surfaces for Sports Areas- Part 1. Determi-nation of Rotational Resistance3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerms are as defined in the referencedASTM procedures comprising these test methods.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to Thi
23、s Standard:3.2.1 fabric constructionthe method of assembly of pileribbon and backing yarns that produces the fabric, usuallytufting, knitting, or weaving.3.2.2 infilled turf systemfield system having a long pileheight and either one or more substances in the face of thefabric to provide the desired
24、playing properties. Infill sub-stances can be either sand, rubber or other substances or acombination of items.3.2.3 lengthwise direction, nin textiles, the direction in amachine-made fabric parallel to the direction of movement thefabric followed in the manufacturing machine.3.2.4 mattingthe extent
25、 of change of the apparent syn-thetic turf pile thickness from the original value due topermanent compression of the pile from sports use.3.2.5 pile, nfor pile fiber turf surfacing, surface texturecomposed of many individual thin strands or groups of strandsbound to a backing fabric in a repetitive
26、array.3.2.6 pile laythe direction in which most of the pile fiberslean in the original, uncrushed fabric.3.2.7 secondary backinga material adhered to the backingside of a pile turf fabric.3.2.8 sports shoe tractiona measure of the static or slidingcoefficient of friction between a weighted sports sh
27、oe and theturf pile surface, horizontal motion.3.2.9 synthetic turf field systemcomposite of syntheticcontact surface material, any fill material used in the contactsurface, energy absorbing material, fabric layers, adhesives, ifany, and other constructed layers (as applicable to the indi-vidual sys
28、tem construction).3.2.10 synthetic turf system componentsthe separate com-ponents such as turf fabric, shock-absorbing pad, and adhesivesthat comprise the synthetic turf playing surface when as-sembled; the subcomponents such as pile yarns and backingyarns that comprise the turf fabric.3.2.11 textur
29、ethe detailed configuration of loops, cut pileends, and individual fibers in the pile layer.3.2.11.1 DiscussionTexture is the detailed appearance ofthe pile that changes by matting, crushing, flattening, fuzzing,untwisting, etc. during exposure to service. The texture shouldbe distinguished from the
30、 construction, that is, the specifica-tions of kinds of yarns, yarn sizes, and the mode of combina-tion.3.2.12 water permeabilitythe rate at which water of aspecified head flows vertically through synthetic turf or othercomponents of the system.4. Summary of Test Methods4.1 The purpose of these test
31、 methods is to provide acomprehensive characterization of synthetic turf playing sur-faces.F1551 0924.2 Specific conditions of the referenced procedures arerecommended to encourage uniform application of these testmethods.4.3 Table 1 is an index of the test methods listed herein.5. Significance and
32、Use5.1 These test methods constitute a standard for obtainingdata in research and development, quality control, acceptanceand rejection under specifications, and for special purposes.5.2 The data obtained from use of these test methods areapplicable to the system and its components under conditionso
33、f the particular test procedures and are not necessarily thesame as the data that might be obtained in other environmentsor use conditions.5.3 The selection of test methods or tests should be limitedto those appropriate to the system or material(s) being evalu-ated.6. Conditioning of Materials6.1 Co
34、nduct laboratory tests under known conditions oftemperature and humidity as specified in the individual testprocedures. In the absence of specified conditions, tests mustTABLE 1 Performance Test Methods for Synthetic Turf SurfacesTest Method Section Item TestedPile FiberD792 density (specific gravit
35、y) 9 synthetic yarnD1577 linear density of textile fibers (denier) 10 pile of yarn on mfg. turf fabricD1907 linear density of yarn (denier - skein method) 11 bobbin of yarnD2256 breaking strength and elongation 12 bobbin of yarnD3218 yarn thickness 13 synthetic yarnD7138 melting point (Fisher-John m
36、ethod or DSCmethod)14 synthetic yarnFabricD1335 resistance to tuft pullout 15 synthetic turf fabricD2859 flammability of pile floor covering (methenaminetablet)17 synthetic turf fabricD4158 abrasion resistance (uniform abrasion method) 18 non-infilled turfD5034 grab tear strength 19 synthetic turf f
37、abricD5251 resistance to matting (tetrapod method) 20 non-infilled turfD5793 binding sites per unit 21 synthetic turf fabricD5823 pile height 22 synthetic turf fabricD5848 pile fiber, mass per unit 23 synthetic turf fabricE648 flammability of synthetic turf (flooring radiantpanel test)24 synthetic t
38、urf fabricF1015 relative abrasiveness of synthetic turf surfaces 25 synthetic turf fabricShock Absorbing Pad ComponentD395 compression set under constant load 26 shock-absorbing padD412 Dogbone tensile see 12.1 of Test Methods D1577.10.2.3 Manufacturing process may change yarn denier asmeasured.11.
39、Test Method D1907, Linear Density of Yarn (YarnNumber) by the Skein Method11.1 ScopeThis test method covers the determination ofthe linear density (denier) of all types of yarn in (bobbin)package form.11.2 Test Method Specific Conditions:11.2.1 Specified lengths of yarn are wound on reels asskeins,
40、and weighed.11.2.2 Nine meters is recommended length weighed ingrams times 1000 for denier, grams per 9000 meters.12. Test Method D2256, Tensile Properties of Yarns bythe Single Strand Method12.1 Scope:12.1.1 This test procedure describes measurement of thetensile properties strength, elongation, an
41、d (optionally) modu-lus for textile fibers and filaments.12.1.2 The test is appropriate and applicable to the pile fibercomponent of synthetic turf fabrics before the product is made.12.2 Test Method Specific Conditions:12.2.1 Option A1, standard-conditioned, straight fiber orfilament is recommended
42、.12.2.2 Horn grip clamps are recommended.12.2.3 The recommended gage length is 15.2 cm (6 in.).12.2.4 The recommended cross-head speed is 30.5 cm/min(12 in./min).12.2.5 The tangent method is recommended if the modulusis calculated (Appendix, Test Method D2256).12.2.6 The measurement of strength and
43、elongation may beconducted on monofilaments or multifilament yarns; specifywhich.13. Specification D3218, Polyolefin Monofilaments13.1 Scope:13.1.1 This specification covers polyolefin monofilamentyarn materials, and test methods for standard polyolefin mono-filaments.13.1.2 This test method covers
44、the determination of thethickness of flat polyolefin monofilaments, by a micrometer.13.1.3 This method can also be used for slit-filament tapeyarn.13.2 Test Method Specific ConditionsMeasure the thick-ness of the specimen to the nearest 2.5 m (0.1 mil) using themicrometer.14. Test Method D7138, Dete
45、rmine Melting Temperatureof Synthetic Fibers14.1 Scope:14.1.1 These test methods describe several techniques forthe characterization of polyamides, polypropylene, and otherfibers.14.1.2 The applicable part of this test procedure is thatdescribing the measurement of melting point for polyamidefibers
46、and other fibers used in constructing synthetic turffabrics.14.2 Test Method Specific Conditions:F1551 09414.2.1 A temperature rise of 2C/min with the Fisher-Johnsmelting point apparatus is recommended. Follow Test Method2 where applicable.14.2.2 Acceptable alternatives for the measurement of melt-i
47、ng point is differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) instru-ments. Report the temperature rise and other pertinent experi-mental conditions used with DSC Method 1.15. Test Method D1335, Tuft Bind of Pile Floor Cover-ings15.1 Scope:15.1.1 This test provides a method for measuring the tuftbind in pile
48、fabrics such as carpets.15.1.2 The test is appropriate and applicable to the pile yarncomponent of synthetic turf fabrics.15.2 Test Method Specific Conditions:15.2.1 Test Method D1335 is written in the language offabrics of tufted construction. However, application may beextended to knitted and wove
49、n synthetic turf fabrics if theconcept of tuft is redefined suitably.15.2.2 Tufted FabricsFor the purposes of Test MethodD1335, a tuft has the conventional definition of the two halvesof the mono or multifilament loop of pile that is insertedbetween the adjacent yarns of the tufting medium (backingfabric), held in place by a primary coating (adhesive), and nototherwise connected mechanically to the tufting medium (seeFig. 1).15.2.3 Knitted FabricsFor the purposes of Test MethodD1335, a tuft is comprised of the adjacent legs of two loops ofpile.
