1、 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS ATIS-1000044.2011 ATIS IDENTITY MANAGEMENT: REQUIREMENTS AND USE CASES STANDARD ATIS is the leading technical planning and standards development organization committed to the rapid development of global, market-driven standards for the information,
2、entertainment and communications industry. More than 200 companies actively formulate standards in ATIS Committees, covering issues including: IPTV, Cloud Services, Energy Efficiency, IP-Based and Wireless Technologies, Quality of Service, Billing and Operational Support, Emergency Services, Archite
3、ctural Platforms and Emerging Networks. In addition, numerous Incubators, Focus and Exploratory Groups address evolving industry priorities including Smart Grid, Machine-to-Machine, Networked Car, IP Downloadable Security, Policy Management and Network Optimization. ATIS is the North American Organi
4、zational Partner for the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), a member and major U.S. contributor to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Radio and Telecommunications Sectors, and a member of the Inter-American Telecommunication Commission (CITEL). ATIS is accredited by the American
5、 National Standards Institute (ANSI). For more information, please visit . AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Approval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensu
6、s is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objec
7、tions be considered, and that a concerted effort be made towards their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or usin
8、g products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpre
9、tation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or wi
10、thdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American Nat
11、ional Standards Institute. Notice of Disclaimer Assurance of the identity of an entity (e.g., users/subscribers, groups, user devices, organizations, network and service providers, network elements and objects, and virtual objects); and Enabling business and security applications. 3.1.26 next genera
12、tion network ITU-T Y.2001: A packet-based network able to provide telecommunication services and able to make use of multiple broadband, QoS-enabled transport technologies and in which service-related functions are independent from underlying transport related technologies. It enables unfettered acc
13、ess for users to networks and to competing service providers and/or services of their choice. It supports generalized mobility, which will allow consistent and ubiquitous provision of services to users. 3.1.27 personally identifiable information ITU-T X.1252: Any information (a) that identifies or c
14、an be used to identify, contact, or locate the person to whom such information pertains, (b) from which identification or contact information of an individual person can be derived, or (c) that is or can be linked to a natural person directly or indirectly 3.1.28 presence ATIS-1000035 and ITU-T Y.27
15、20: A set of attributes that characterizes an entity relating to current status. 3.1.29 principal ITU-T X.811: An entity whose identity can be authenticated. ATIS-1000044.2011 6 3.1.30 privacy ITU-T X.1252: The right of individuals to control or influence what personal information related to them ma
16、y be collected, managed, retained, accessed, and used or distributed. 3.1.31 relying party ITU-T X.1252: An entity that relies on an identity representation or claim by a requesting/asserting entity within some request context. 3.1.32 user ITU-T X.1252: Any entity that makes use of a resource - e.g.
17、, system, equipment, terminal, process, application, or corporate network. NOTE - In the context of NGN, according to Y.2091, it includes end user, person, subscriber, system, equipment, terminal (e.g., Fax, PC), (functional) entity, process, application, provider, or corporate network. 3.1.33 trust
18、 ITU-T X.1252: The firm belief in the reliability and truth of information or in the ability and disposition of an entity to act appropriately, within a specified context. 3.1.34 security domain ITU-T X.1252: A set of elements, a security policy, a security authority, and a set of security-relevant
19、activities in which the elements are managed in accordance with the security policy. 3.1.35 verifier ITU-T X.1252: An entity that verifies and validates identity information. 3.2 Terms defined in this Standard None. 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 3G 3rdGeneration AKA Authentication and Key Agreement A
20、NI Application-to-Network Interface API Application Programmers Interface BSS Business Support System CSP Communications Service Provider DDoS Distributed Denial of Service DeviceID Device Identity DoS Denial of Service EAG External Application Gateway EDS Enterprise Directory Service ET Emergency T
21、elecommunications ETS Emergency Telecommunications Service EV-DO Evolution Data Optimized FE Functional Entity FTTX Fiber-To-The-X GBA Generic Bootstrapping Architecture HSS Home Subscriber Server IBGC-FE Interconnection Border Gateway Control Functional Entity IdM Identity Management IdMCC-FE IdM C
22、oordination and Control Functional Entity ATIS-1000044.2011 7 IdSP Identity Service Provider IDPS Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems ID-WSF Identity Web Services Framework IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem IP Internet Protocol IPTV IP Television ISC IMS Service Control IT Information Technology IT
23、U-T International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector KDC Key Distribution Center LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LIDB Line Information Database LNP Local Number Portability LS Location Server LTE Long Term Evolution MNO Mobile Network Operator MSISDN Mobile S
24、ubscriber Integrated Service Director Number NACF Network Attachment Control Functions NGN Next Generation Network NNI Network-to-Network Interface OAM enable federated services; promote broadly-available subscription-based services; and meet end users needs for privacy and protection of Personally
25、Identifiable Information (PII). Business enterprises and users need to protect their business interests, have confidence in authentication capabilities for business transactions and protection of business partners identity data. Protection of the network infrastructure against cyber-attacks, and pro
26、tection of private data. Governmental organizations support of electronic Government services, public safety services, early warning services, Emergency Telecommunication Service (ETS). and other national services. 6.4 Multiple service provider and federated environment In a multiple service provide
27、r and federated environment, IdM services and capabilities are used to discover and communicate information to establish confidence in the identity(s) of an entity. For example, identifiers, credentials, and attributes associated with an identity could be verified by an identity service provider tha
28、t is regarded as trusted by the relying party and communicated, through assertions, to the relying party (e.g., a user, a service provider) to support authentication, which may be a basis for access control, business decisions, and enforcement of applicable policy (e.g., privacy and protection of pe
29、rsonally identifiable information). Additionally, there may be different and independent IdM solutions resulting in the need for interoperability among service providers. 6.5 Identity Service Provider (IdSP) This standard does not impose any restriction on who provides Identity Service Provider (IdS
30、P) services. An IdSP is an entity that maintains, manages, and may create identity information of other entities (e.g., user/subscribers, organizations, and devices) and offers identity-based services based on trust, business, and other types of relationship. In a multiple service provider environme
31、nt, it is possible for an NGN provider to also be an IdSP and offer identity management services (e.g., identity-based services) to other providers. In this standard, the term “NGN/IdSP” is used to indicate that it could be an NGN provider or third party that provides IdM services. ATIS-1000044.2011
32、 14 6.6 IdM in Context of NGN Architectures and Reference Models 6.6.1 Relationship with NGN Functional Architecture In the context of the NGN reference architecture model defined in ITU-T Y.2012, it is possible for IdM related functions to reside in the different planes (e.g., user, control, and ma
33、nagement) and different strata of the distributed architecture (e.g., service stratum and transport stratum). From a realization or implementation perspective, support of IdM services and capabilities could involve the use of existing network elements or it could involve the use of additional networ
34、k elements (e.g., specialized Application Servers) in a NGN. Figure 7-1 of ITU-T Y.2012 includes a functional block representing IdM functions in the NGN functional architecture. Figure 7-1 of ITU-T Y.2012 illustrates the general concepts that the support of IdM services and capabilities may involve
35、 interaction with specific functional entities (FEs) to enable and support services including identity services. This may include interactions with FEs in the following functional blocks depending on the specific IdM service or capability being supported and the implementation design: Applications;
36、Service stratum: Application support functions and service support functions, service control functions and content delivery functions; Transport stratum: Transport control functions and transport functions; End-user functions; and Management functions. ATIS-1000044.2011 15 T13-R020(10)_F02Service s
37、tratumTransport stratumTransport functionsTransport control functionsService control and content delivery functionsApplicationsApplication support functions and service support functionsService controlfunctionsContent deliveryfunctionsNetwork attachment and control functionsResourceandadmissioncontr
38、olfunctionsMobilitymanagement and controlfunctionsEnd-userfunctionsFunctionsfromothernetworksFunctionsfromotherserviceprovidersANINNISNIUNIService userprofilesTransport userprofilesIdMfunctionsControlMediaManagementIdMManagementfunctionsFigure 2 - Figure 7-1 of ITU-T Y.2012 In the NGN functional arc
39、hitecture, IdM functions may reside in different planes (e.g., user, control, and management) and different strata of the distributed architecture (e.g., service stratum and transport stratum). Although IdM functions are shown in a standalone group of functions, this is not intended to impose any de
40、sign and restrictions for IdM implementations. Implementation of IdM functions is subjected to the compliance with relevant policies, such as national and regional regulations and legislations for protection of identity data (e.g., PII). Specifically, implementation and use of IdM functions must ens
41、ure the compliance with the relevant policies for basic data protection principles: Binding of data to a specific purpose; No data sharing between applications for different purposes; Limitation of data to the minimum needed for a specific purpose; and ATIS-1000044.2011 16 Right of persons to have c
42、ontrol over their PII. 6.6.2 External Interfaces and IdM Communications The standard interfaces defined in ITU-T Y.2012 are used to exchange identity data among different administrative domains and federations. This may include the following interfaces as applicable: User-to-Network Interface (UNI)
43、Network-to-Network Interface (NNI) Application-to-Network Interface (ANI) Server-to-Network Interface (SNI) The interface solutions would depend on factors such as specific application and services needs (e.g., real-time versus near-real time), protocol solution (e.g., SAML, Diameter, RADIUS, SIP),
44、and mechanisms and approaches. Refer to Appendix VI for an example IdM realization scenario showing how the NGN external interfaces may be applicable. 6.6.3 Transactional Models b-ITU-T X.1250 provides descriptions of example transactional models involving multiple parties (e.g., users, IdSPs, and r
45、elying parties). Refer to Appendix V for a summary of the transactional models described in b-ITU-T X.1250. 7 IdM Objectives The following are general objectives for IdM: 1. Facilitate trust decisions between entities. 2. Support of IdM solution(s) minimizing impacts on users/subscribers. 3. Solutio
46、n(s) involving new capabilities would provide appropriate transition solution. 4. Support of interoperable IdM solutions within an NGN provider domain. For example, interoperability between different vendor products supporting multiple application services (e.g., VoIP, IPTV, Video, and Data). 5. Sup
47、port of interoperable IdM solutions across different NGN provider and service provider domains and federations based on applicable business arrangements and relationships and under application of regulation and policies for PII protection. 6. Support of bridging of heterogeneous IdM systems and fede
48、rations. For example, capability to allow bridging between NGN provider IdM systems and other types of IdM ATIS-1000044.2011 17 systems (e.g., web services, content, and 3rdparty provider IdM systems) based on applicable business arrangements and relationships and under application of regulation and
49、 policies for PII protection. 7. End users/subscribers being able to interact and use application services in an easy and intuitive fashion while retaining control of their personal data throughout their life cycle. This include how and when the information is used and by whom. 8. End users/subscribers being able to reveal only the minimally necessary information to establish mutual trust and conduct transactions based on the applicable policies. 9. End users/subscribers being able to check the authenticity of the
