1、ANSI B11.62001 (R2012) American National Standard for Machines Safety Requirements for Manual Turning Machines with or without Automatic Control Secretariat and Accredited Standards Developer: B11 Standards, Inc. POB 690905 Houston, TX 77269 Approved: 17 December 2001 Reaffirmed: 27 November 2012 Am
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20、dards, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.iii TABLE of CONTENTS PAGE FOREWORD (THIS FOREWORD IS NOT A PART O
21、F THE REQUIREMENTS OF AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD B11.6-2001 R2012) . V EXPLANATION OF THE FORMAT OF THE STANDARD VII INTRODUCTION . VIII 1 SCOPE 1 MANUAL TURNING MACHINE . 1 2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES 1 3 DEFINITIONS 3 4 RESPONSIBILITY 7 4.2 USERS RESPONSIBILITY 8 4.3 PERSONNEL RESPONSIBILITY 10 5 HAZAR
22、D CONTROL 11 5.1 TASK AND HAZARD IDENTIFICATION . 11 5.2 RISK ASSESSMENT / RISK REDUCTION 12 6 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION . 13 6.1 GENERAL . 13 6.2 COMPONENT SELECTION 13 6.3 MACHINE CONTROLS 13 6.4 DESCRIPTION OF MODES OF OPERATION . 13 6.5 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT 14 6.6 HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC SYSTEMS 1
23、4 6.7 EXTERNAL POWER SOURCES 16 6.8 STORED ENERGY . 17 6.9 EXTERNAL INTERFERENCES . 17 6.10 PERFORMANCE OF THE SAFETY-RELATED FUNCTION(S) 18 6.11 MACHINE STARTING 18 6.12 STOP AND EMERGENCY STOP CONTROLS 18 6.13 OPERATOR CONTROL STATIONS . 19 6.14 MANUALLY OPERATED CONTROL DEVICES . 19 6.15 INDICATO
24、RS. 21 6.16 ANTI-MOTION MECHANISMS OR COUNTER-BALANCE ON SLIDE MECHANISMS . 21 6.17 POWER-OPERATED WORKHOLDING . 22 6.18 COOLANT SYSTEMS 23 6.19 TOOL RETENTION 25 6.20 ELIMINATION OF, OR PROTECTION FROM, INHERENT HAZARDS . 25 6.21 SAFEGUARDING . 27 6.22 ACCESS TO MACHINE PARTS 28 6.23 STRUCTURAL INT
25、EGRITY 29 6.24 NOISE . 29 6.25 ERGONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS 29 6.26 ENERGY SUPPLY FAILURES. 29 6.27 ERRORS OF FITTING 30 6.28 LIFTING OF MACHINE COMPONENTS 30 7 LAYOUT, INSTALLATION, TESTING AND START-UP 30 7.1 GENERAL . 30 iv 7.2 LAYOUT AND INSTALLATION 30 7.3 TESTING AND START-UP . 31 8 SAFEGUARDING 3
26、1 8.1 GENERAL . 31 8.2 GUARDS . 32 8.3 SAFEGUARDING DEVICES 32 8.4 AWARENESS BARRIERS AND DEVICES . 33 8.5 SAFEGUARDING AGAINST SPECIFIC HAZARDS . 33 8.6 SAFE WORK PROCEDURES 34 8.7 PERFORMANCE OF THE SAFETYRELATED FUNCTION(S) . 34 9 SET-UP, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE . 35 9.1 GENERAL . 35 9.2 MACHIN
27、E SET-UP PROCEDURES . 35 9.3 SAFEGUARDING . 36 9.4 MAINTENANCE 37 9.5 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT . 38 9.6 TRAINING . 38 9.7 SUPERVISION . 39 9.8 INITIATION OF NORMAL OPERATION 39 Annex A - Figures . 40 (informative 40 Annex B (Informative) List of significant hazards and major sources of these ha
28、zards associated with manually controlled turning machines 42 Annex C (Informative) Performance of the safety-related function(s) . 45 v Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of the requirements of American National Standard B11.6-2001 R2012) The primary objective of this standard is to eliminate or
29、 control hazards to personnel associated with manual turning machines with or without automatic control by establishing requirements for the construction, operation and maintenance of these machines. To accomplish this objective, responsibilities have been assigned to the supplier (e.g., manufacture
30、r, rebuilder, reconstructor, installer, integrator), the user and personnel in the working environment. The words “safe“ and “safety“ are not absolutes. Safety begins with good design. While the goal of this standard is to eliminate injuries, it is recognized that risk factors cannot be practically
31、reduced to zero in any human activity. This standard is not intended to replace good judgment and personal responsibility. Operator skill, attitude, training, job monotony, fatigue and experience are safety factors that must be considered by the user. Manual turning machines and associated equipment
32、 technologies are continuously evolving. This standard reflects the most commonly used and time-tested state of the art at the time of its approval. The inclusion or omission of language relative to any evolving technology, either in the requirements or explanatory areas of this standard, in no way
33、infers acceptance or rejection of such technologies. EFFECTIVE DATE The following information on effective dates is informative guidance only, and not a normative part of this standard. This subcommittee recognizes that some period of time after the approval date on the title page of this document i
34、s necessary for suppliers and users to develop new designs, or modify existing designs or manufacturing processes in order to incorporate the new or revised requirements of this standard into their product development or production system. This subcommittee recommends that suppliers complete and imp
35、lement design changes for new machines and machinery systems within 30 months of the approval of this standard. The subcommittee recommends that users evaluate whether existing machinery and machinery systems have acceptable risk within 30 months of the approval date of this standard using generally
36、 recognized risk assessment methods. If the risk assessment shows that modification(s) is necessary, refer to the requirements of this standard to implement risk reduction measures (risk reduction measures) for appropriate risk reduction. Inquiries with respect to the application or the substantive
37、requirements of this standard, and suggestions for its improvement, are welcomed and should be sent to B11 Standards, Inc., POB 690905, Houston, TX 77269, Attention: B11 Secretariat. This standard was prepared by the B11.6 Subcommittee, processed and submitted for ANSI approval by the B11 Accredited
38、 Standards Committee on Safety Standards for Machines. Committee approval of this standard does not necessarily imply that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time this standard was reaffirmed as an American National Standard, the ANSI B11 Accredited Standards Committee was composed
39、 of the following member organizations: Alan Metelsky, Chairman Barry Boggs, Vice-Chairman David Felinski, Secretary Organizations Represented Name of Representative Delegate Alternate Aerospace Industries Association of America Willard Wood Lisa Goldberg / Chris Carnahan Aluminum Extruders Council
40、Melvin Mitchell Scott Burkett American Society of Safety Engineers Bruce Main, PE, CSP George Karosas, PE,CSP Association For Manufacturing Technology Russell Bensman Alan Metelsky The Boeing Company Don Nelson Lance Chandler, PE Canadian Standards Association Elizabeth Rankin, CRSP Walter Veugen De
41、ere no deviation is permitted. The term “SHOULD” denotes a recommendation, a practice or condition among several alternatives, or a preferred method or course of action. Similarly, the term “CAN” denotes a possibility, ability or capability, whether physical or causal, and the term “MAY” denotes a p
42、ermissible course of action within the limits of the standard. By convention, the B11 standards do not use the term “and/or” but instead, the term “OR” is used as an inclusive disjunction, meaning one or the other or both. Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be
43、sent to B11 Standards, Inc., POB 690905 Houston, TX 77269, Attention: B11 Secretariat. viii Introduction The primary purpose of every machine tool is to process parts. This is accomplished by the machine imparting process energy onto the workpiece. Inadvertent interference with, or accidental misdir
44、ection of the released energy during production, maintenance, commissioning and de-commissioning may result in injury. The purpose of the ANSI B11 series of machine tool safety standards is to devise and propose ways to minimize risks of the potential hazards. This can be accomplished by an appropri
45、ate machine design, by restricting personnel and other individuals access to hazard areas, and by devising work procedures to minimize personnel exposure to hazardous situations. This is the essence of the ANSI B11 series of safety standards. The responsibility for the alleviation of these risks is
46、divided between the equipment supplier, its user and its operating personnel, as follows (numbers in parentheses refer to the clause numbers in these standards which address that responsibility): Figure 1 Typical layout of B11 base standards showing the various responsibilities ix Figure 1 (previous
47、 page) provides an overview of this standard and in particular, the responsibilities of and requirements for the supplier and user, including the user personnel. Numbers in parentheses denote the particular clause or subclause of the standard. A solid line between a block showing reference standard(
48、s) and a block showing a normative clause denotes part of the requirements. A dashed line denotes an informative reference. Notes for Figure 1: 1) Scope Provides the boundaries or limits of the standard (i.e., what is/is not included in the coverage or requirements). 2) Normative references Other st
49、andards which in whole or in part provide additional requirements when referenced in the normative text (i.e., left-hand column of clauses 4 9) of this standard. 3) Definitions Terms used in this standard in a unique or particular manner, together with their definitions (terms used in the same context as are generally understood and commonly used in everyday English are not defined). 4) Responsibility The general responsibilities of the supplier (builder), user, and the user personnel are listed in clause 4 together with which of the remaining clauses they hav
