1、ANSI C63.4-2009(Revision ofANSI C63.4-2003)American National Standard forMethods of Measurement of Radio-Noise Emissions from Low-VoltageElectrical and Electronic Equipmentin the Range of 9 kHz to 40 GHzIEEE3ParkAvenueNew York, NY 10016-5997, USA15 September 2009Sponsored by theAccredited Standards
2、Committee C63Electromagnetic CompatibilityAccredited by the American National Standards InstituteC63.4Authorized licensed use limited to: IHS Stephanie Dejesus. Downloaded on September 21, 2009 at 09:58 from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engin
3、eers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Authorized licensed use limited to: IHS Stephanie Dejesus. Downloaded on September 21, 2009 at 09:58 from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Copyright The Institute of E
4、lectrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ANSI C63.4-2009 (Revision of ANSI C63.4-2003) American National Standard for Methods of Measurement of Radio-Noise Emissions from Low-Vo
5、ltage Electrical and Electronic Equipment in the Range of 9 kHz to 40 GHz Accredited Standards Committee C63Electromagnetic Compatibility accredited by the American National Standards Institute Secretariat Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Inc. Approved 7 July 2009 American National
6、Standards Institute Authorized licensed use limited to: IHS Stephanie Dejesus. Downloaded on September 21, 2009 at 09:58 from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or
7、 networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Abstract: U.S. consensus standard methods, instrumentation, and facilities for measurement of radio-frequency (RF) signals and noise emitted from electrical and electronic devices in the frequency range 9 kHz to 40 GHz are specified. This standard d
8、oes not include generic nor product-specific emission limits. Where possible, the specifications herein are harmonized with other national and international standards used for similar purposes. Keywords: conducted emission testing, conducting ground plane, digital equipment, electric-field measureme
9、nt, intentional radiators, line impedance stabilization network, low-voltage electrical equipment, low-voltage electronic equipment, magnetic field measurement, normalized site attenuation, radiated emission testing, radio-noise emissions, radio-noise power, site attenuation, unintentional radiators
10、 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2009 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 15 September 2009. Printed in the United States of America. C63 is a registered tradem
11、ark in the U.S. Patent (978) 750-8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. Authorized licensed use limited to: IHS Stephanie Dejesus. Downloaded on September 21, 2009 at 09:58 from IEEE
12、 Xplore. Restrictions apply. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-iv Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. Introduction This introduction is
13、not a part of ANSI C63.4-2009, American National Standard for Methods of Measurement of Radio-Noise Emissions from Low-Voltage Electrical and Electronic Equipment in the Range of 9 kHz to 40 GHz. Almost from the beginning of radio broadcasting, the electric utility companies were faced with the prob
14、lem of radio noise. In 1924, the National Electric Light Association appointed a committee to study the subject. The manufacturers of electric power equipment had encountered similar problems, and in 1930, a subcommittee of the NEMA Codes and Standards Committee was established.aThe following year,
15、the EEI-NEMA-RMA Joint Coordination Committee on Radio Reception was organized. The Joint Coordination Committee issued a number of reports, among which was Methods of Measuring Radio Noise, 1940. This report included specifications for a radio-noise and field-strength meter for the frequency band 0
16、.15 MHz to 18 MHz. The report recommended procedures for measuring radio-noise voltage (conducted noise) from low- and high-voltage apparatus, making noise field-strength measurements near overhead power lines, determining broadcast field strengths, and collecting data on which to base tolerable lim
17、its for radio noise. During World War II, the needs of the armed services for instruments and methods for radio-noise measurement, particularly at frequencies higher than the broadcast band, became pressing, and in 1944, work on developing suitable specifications was begun by a special subcommittee,
18、 called the ASA Sectional Committee C63, Radio-Electrical Coordination. This special subcommittee developed a wartime specification that became Army-Navy Specification JAN-I-225 issued in 1945 and later approved as C63.1-1946, American War Standard-Method of Measuring Radio Interference of Electrica
19、l Components and Completed Assemblies of Electrical Equipment for the Armed Forces from 150 kHz to 20 MHz. In 1951, ASA Sectional Committee C63, through its Subcommittee No. 1 on Techniques and Developments, started work on improving and extending measurement methods, taking into account methods men
20、tioned in the 1940 report and those in current military specifications. In the course of this work, Subcommittee No. 1 developed the standard C63.4-1963, Radio-Noise Voltage and Radio-Noise Field Strength, 0.015 to 25 MHz, Low-Voltage Electric Equipment and Non-Electric Equipment. Work continued wit
21、hin the subcommittee on developing methods of measurement above 25 MHz and the subsequent inclusion of these measurement methods in future revisions of C63.4-1963. C63.4-1963 was reaffirmed in 1969, and work within the subcommittee was accelerated to produce a draft standard that would make use of t
22、he experience gained by several years use of the standard, extend its coverage to embrace a broader frequency range, and incorporate newer measurement techniques that had been developed within the United States and by the International Special Committee on Radio Interference (CISPR) as set forth in
23、CISPR 14 and CISPR 16. The revised standard was published in 1981. Although many improvements had been made in ANSI C63.4 in the several revisions, the reproducibility of measurements of radiated interference from one test site to another had not been completely satisfactory. In 1982, a concerted ef
24、fort was organized in Subcommittee No. 1 of the American National Standards Committee C63 to determine how the technique could be improved. Evidence showed that the variability was caused, in part, by the following inadequate processes: Control of site reference ground plane conductivity, flatness,
25、site enclosures, effects of surrounding objects, and certain other site construction features Accounting for antenna factors, associated cabling, and balun and device under test characteristics aAcronyms: ASA, American Standards Association; EEI, Edison Electric Institute; JAN, joint Army-Navy; NEMA
26、, National Electrical Manufacturers Association; RMA, Radio Manufacturers Association. Authorized licensed use limited to: IHS Stephanie Dejesus. Downloaded on September 21, 2009 at 09:58 from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Prov
27、ided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-v Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. Consideration of mutual coupling effects between the device under test and the receiving antenna and their images in the reference ground
28、plane Accordingly, ANSI C63.4 was further revised in 1988, and the standards ANSI C63.5, ANSI C63.6, and ANSI C63.7 were prepared to provide additional information. In late 1988 and in 1989, the importance of including additional details on test procedures to provide proper evaluation of complex sys
29、tems, such as information technology equipment and systems, was recognized. Measurements on such systems can be sensitive to the exact arrangement of equipment units and interconnecting cables. The 1991 edition of ANSI C63.4 was the result of a major effort on the part of the members of the Committe
30、e and various other participating individuals. Work on another revision began during 1991 to provide for the testing of intentional as well as unintentional radiators. The 1992 ANSI C63.4 document included these changes. In 1994, work began on harmonizing the document with emerging international sta
31、ndards, clarifying several issues with respect to ac power-line conducted emission measurements and turntable usage, and standardizing terminology. Also added were provisions for the use of transverse electromagnetic (TEM) wave devices for measuring emissions, extension of the lowest frequency from
32、10 kHz down to 9 kHz, and revisions to the clause on the artificial hand. Minor changes were made to the normalized site attenuation tables to correct rounding errors. That work culminated in the 2001 issue of ANSI C63.4. When the 2001 issue of ANSI C63.4 was approved, several subject areas were ide
33、ntified that needed to be considered for the next edition. Those subjects included clarification of what is mandatory and that figures are examples while text takes precedence; allowing emission measurement instrumentation, such as a spectrum analyzer, which does not fully meet either CISPR 16 or AN
34、SI C63.2, to be used, but in case of dispute allowing only instrumentation meeting either of these two standards to take precedence; clarification of instrumentation calibration interval requirements; identifying new test setups when power accessories (power packs) are either the equipment under tes
35、t (EUT) or not; allowing use of “loop back” cable connections for large floor-standing equipment to accommodate the arrangement of cables connected to output ports to be connected to input ports under certain conditions; warning that test facilities not allowing full antenna height search may not yi
36、eld sufficient data to predict radiated emissions at a site that meets normalized site attenuation; clarifying EUT setups and minimum ports that need to be populated during personal computer testing; clarifying test frequencies for intentional radiator measurements; and correcting errors on certain
37、figures, tables, and appendices. The resolution of these subject areas as well as other clarifications appeared in the 2003 edition of ANSI C63.4. As was the case for the 2003 edition of this standard, several topics continued to be identified for future editions of the standard. There were several
38、areas of interest to be considered for this edition. Based on the maturity of the work on these areas, significant progress was achieved on the following items: a) Adding tables of LISN impedances (in addition to the plots in the 2003 edition) with and without the use of extension cords between the
39、EUT power connection of the LISN and the end of the extension cord where the EUT connects its power plug b) Clarifying and expanding the information and criteria to be used for selecting what must appear on video displays during emission testing c) Updating of the signal levels used in receiver test
40、ing in Clause 12 d) Clarifying in Annex B the LISN calibration process e) Accommodating the concern for the variation in antenna cable loss as a function of significant temperature variation at the test site These areas are addressed in this edition as well as further edits in the text resulting fro
41、m the process of review and entering the above changes. A significant addition was precautions that are needed in using spectrum analyzers, which appear in 4.2.2 and Annex H. The informative annexes for step-by-step testing procedures have been omitted, because those were mostly duplicative of the n
42、ormative procedures in the Authorized licensed use limited to: IHS Stephanie Dejesus. Downloaded on September 21, 2009 at 09:58 from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Provided by IHS under license with IEEENot for ResaleNo reproduc
43、tion or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-vi Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. main text. Basic specifications for current probes have been omitted, because LISN and voltage probe measurements remain preferred. In several clauses, figures were placed at the end of the respect
44、ive clause to avoid breaking the flow of the text itself. Additionally, based on comments received during the initial ballot of this revision, other areas deserved due attention, which led to the following changes: Ensured that the standards not under the control of Accredited Standards Committee (A
45、SC) C63were dated to guarantee the acceptance of the versions that are referenced, whereas the ASC C63standards were undated because ASC C63would be voting their acceptance. Added information on the effects of materials used to construct EUT support tables and antenna masts. Condensed the informatio
46、n about absorbing clamp calibration and use, as well as the artificial hand, as these continue to be in limited use. Retained the Clause 13 requirements for emission measurements of intentional radiators. Introduced site validation specifications above 1 GHz from CISPR 16-1-4:2007, while still allow
47、ing use of absorber material on the ground plane for an open-area test site (OATS) and semi-anechoic chambers without any further site validation measurements. For measurement methods above 1 GHz, there remains international standards activity as to the final outcome about how such measurements are
48、to be made; meanwhile, this edition of ANSI C63.4 retains provisions of ANSI C63.4-2003 with no change. Other topics remain under consideration for the next edition of the standard to be prepared after this version. ASC C63has started this further work to include, but is not limited to, site validat
49、ion above 1 GHz, measurement methods above 1 GHz, and measurement uncertainty as well as the possibility of moving the information on antenna calibration into one document and in particular ANSI C63.5. These other areas will constitute the ASC C63maintenance process. Notice to users Laws and regulations Users of these documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Complian
